Pulmonary hypoplasia on preterm infant associated with diffuse chorioamniotic hemosiderosis caused by intrauterine hemorrhage due to massive subchorial hematoma: report of a neonatal autopsy case

A male infant born prematurely at 31 weeks of gestation weighed 789 g and had mildly brown-colored oral/tracheal aspirates at delivery. The amniotic fluid was also discolored, and its index was below 5. The patient died of hypoxemic respiratory and cardiac failure 2 hours after birth. The maternal profiles showed placenta previa and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) at 22 weeks of gestation, and revealed recurrent episodes of antenatal and substantial vaginal bleeding and oligohydramnios, indicating chronic abruption-oligohydramnios sequence. The thickened placenta, weighing 275 g, grossly displayed unevenness and diffuse opacity with green to brown discoloration in the chorioamniotic surface, and revealed chronic massive subchorial hematomas (Breus' mole) with old peripheral blood clot, circumvallation, and infarction. Microscopically, diffuse Berlin-blue staining-positive hemosiderin deposits were readily encountered in the chorioamniotic layers of the chorionic plate, consistent with diffuse chorioamniotic hemosiderosis (DCH) due to Breus' mole, accompanied by diffuse amniotic necrosis. At autopsy, an external examination showed several surface anomalies and marked pulmonary hypoplasia, 0.006 (less 0.012) of lung:body weight ratio. Since Breus' mole has a close relationship with intrauterine hemorrhage, resulting in DCH, IUGR, and/or pulmonary hypoplasia of the newborn, the present features might be typical.     

国产环孢素A对小鼠免疫功能的抑制作用

当剂量为25～100mg/kg·d~(-1),ig×4d时,国产环孢素A(CsA)显著抑制小鼠脾脏空斑形成细胞数和溶血素生成,并呈剂量依赖方式。该剂量给药10d,可显著抑制2,4—二硝基氯苯所致小鼠迟发型皮肤超敏反应。CsA(50 mg/kg·d~(-1),ig×14d)能明显延长小鼠移植心脏的存活时间。CsA(50,100mg/kg·d~(-1),ig×4d)对小鼠iv碳粒廓清速率和骨髓细胞数均无明显影响。国产CsA和进口CsA对小鼠脾脏空斑形成细胞反应的抑制作用无显著差异。     

蜜环菌多糖对小鼠免疫功能的影响

蜜环菌多糖(100mg/kg·d×5d,ig)能显著增加正常小鼠和注射环磷酰胺所致免疫功能抑制小鼠的溶血素生成。当剂量为50mg/kg·d×5d,ig时,它还能显著增加正常小鼠的空斑形成细胞数。体外试验,蜜环菌多糖(10、50μg/ml)显著增强刀豆素A诱导的小鼠淋巴细胞增殖反应,但对二硝基氯苯所致小鼠迟发型过敏反应无显著增强作用。此外,蜜环菌多糖还能增加小鼠静注碳粒廓清速率及腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬百分数和吞噬指数。     

健脾汤对脾气虚模型小鼠免疫的调整作用

100％健脾汤(0.25ml/10g/d、ig×8d)能显著增加大黄造模小鼠胸腺重量、T淋巴细胞数和碳粒廓清速率,并能促进2.4—二硝基氯苯所致的迟发型超敏反应。但对血清溶血素的生成和脾脏、睾丸的重量无影响。     

Electron transfer between a lutetium bisphthalocyanine and Fe across liquid|liquid interfaces between water and dichlorohexane or nitrobenzene; influence of coupling with ion transfer

The electron transfer across the liquid|liquid interface between aqueous solutions (W) of Fe^III/II compounds (hexacyanoferrates, chlorides) and a (t-butyl) substituted Lu^IIIbisphthalocyanine in dichlorohexane (DCH) or nitrobenzene (NB), has been studied by voltammetry at a microinterface and by spectrophotometry. The electron transfer wave has been observed only at the W|DCH. Coupling with an ion transfer facilitates this electron transfer: the Lu^IIIbisphthalocyanine has been oxidized or reduced across the W|NB interface, depending on the ion establishing the interfacial potential.     

银耳多糖对躯体性应激小鼠的免疫功能的影响

以强迫小鼠在冷水(14±1℃)中游泳的方法造成躯体性应激模型,观察此时免疫功能的变化及银耳多糖(TP)对它的影响。结果指出,应激可使羊红细胞(SRBC)致敏小鼠脾脏的空斑形成细胞(PFC)减少,使二硝基氯苯(DNCB)所致迟发型皮肤过敏反应(DCH)和刀豆素A(Con A)诱导的脾淋巴细胞增殖反应减弱。PFC的最大减少见于应激的9-12日。切除双侧肾上腺不影响应激所致PFC减少。每日口服TP(200,400 mg/kg)8-14日能使应激所致上述免疫反应降低明显恢复。     

Anti-diabetic effects of the acetone fraction of Senna singueana stem bark in a type 2 diabetes rat model

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Senna singueana is currently used in the traditional treatment of diabetes mellitus in Nigeria. The present study examined the anti-diabetic activity of the Senna singueana acetone fraction (SSAF) of stem bark in a type 2 diabetes (T2D) rat model.

Materials and methods

Crude ethyl acetate extract of the Senna singueana stem bark was fractionated with various solvents and the acetone fraction was selected for in vivo studies based on the high α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activities. In the in vivo study, male Sprague-Dawley rats were induced with T2D and treated with the SSAF at 150 and 300 mg/kg body weight. Several T2D-related parameters were measured in the study.

Results

After 4 weeks of intervention, non-fasting blood glucose concentrations were significantly decreased and the glucose tolerance ability was significantly improved in the SSAF treated groups compared to the diabetic control group. Serum insulin concentrations, pancreatic β-cell function (HOMA-β) and liver glycogen were significantly (P<0.05) increased while serum alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase and urea were significantly decreased in the SSAF treated diabetic rats compared to the diabetic control group. Though insignificantly (P>0.05), other T2D-induced abnormalities such as food and fluid intake, body weight, serum lipids, serum fructosamine level and peripheral insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were also partially ameliorated by the SSAF treatment.

Conclusion

Data of this study suggest that orally administered SSAF could ameliorate most of the T2D-induced abnormalities in a T2D model of rats.     

甲状腺激素对免疫抑制药物作用的影响

甲状腺激素(THY 150mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1),ig×10d和200mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1),ig×10d)能够显著促进正常昆明种成年小鼠对二硝基氯苯(DNCB)所致的迟发型皮肤超敏反应(DCH).在连续应用甲状腺激素(200mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1).ip×10d)的小鼠,不同剂量的环磷酰胺(25mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1),ip×10d)以及氢化可的松(25mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1),im×10d)抑制小鼠的DNCB所致DCH的作用减弱甚至消失.