Salvage Focal Cryotherapy Offers Similar Short-term Oncologic Control and Improved Urinary Function Compared With Salvage Whole Gland Cryotherapy for Radiation-resistant or Recurrent Prostate Cancer

BackgroundWe compared the short-term oncologic and functional outcomes of salvage focal cryotherapy (SFC) with those of salvage total cryotherapy (STC) for radiotherapy (RT)-persistent/recurrent prostate cancer.Materials and MethodsWe queried the Cryo On-Line Database registry for men who had undergone SFC and STC of the prostate for RT-persistent or recurrent disease. Propensity score weighting was used to match age at treatment, presalvage therapy prostate-specific antigen level, Gleason sum, and presalvage cryotherapy androgen deprivation therapy status. The primary outcome was progression-free survival.ResultsA total of 385 men with biopsy-proven persistent or recurrent prostate cancer after primary RT were included in the present study. The median follow-up, age, prostate-specific antigen, and Gleason sum before salvage cryotherapy was 24.4 months (first and third quartile, 9.8 and 60.3), 70 years (first and third quartile, 66 and 74 years), 4 ng/dL (first and third quartile, 2.7 and 5.6 ng/dL), and 7 (first and third quartile, 6 and 8), respectively. After propensity score weighting, the difference in progression-free survival was not statistically significant between the patients who had undergone STC and those who had undergone SFC (79.8% vs. 76.98%; P = .11 on weighted log-rank test). SFC was associated with a lower probability of post-treatment transient urinary retention (5.6% vs. 22.4%; P < .001). No significant differences were found in the incidence of rectal fistula (1.4% vs. 3.8; P = .30), new-onset urinary incontinence within 12 months (9.3% vs. 15.1%; P = .19), or new-onset erectile dysfunction within 12 months (52.6% vs. 59.6%; P = .47) between the SFC and STC groups, respectively.ConclusionsSTC resulted in similar 2-year oncologic outcomes compared with SFC in the RT-persistent/recurrent disease population. However, the patients who had undergone SFC had a lower urinary retention rate compared with those who had undergone STC.     

Retinopathy of prematurity: approaches to surgical therapy

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a vaso-proliferative disease with infiltration of the vitreous gel. Contraction of the infiltrate results in traction detachment with typical peripheral trough formation. Cryotherapy inhibits proliferation in the active stages of the disease (Stage 3, 'plus'). With development of traction detachment involving the macula (Stage 48) encircling buckling procedures should first be tried. Closed vitrectomy is considered when high retinal detachment and opacification by vitreous strands occur. The surgical technique is described. Anatomical (64%) and functional (43%) successes are reasonably high for Stage 4 cases, but disappointing (anatomical 40%, functional 16%) for Stage 5 ROP. Open funnels of detached retina fare better than closed ones. It is probably best to perform surgery not before the cicatricial stage, i.e. six months after birth.     

急性冠周炎患者冷疗前后的免疫状态研究

本文采用液氮浅低温冷冻疗法治疗５０例急性冠周炎患者，取得了良好临床效果，并于冷疗前后对血及唾液中ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＡ、ＩｇＭ和血中Ｃ３及淋巴细胞转化率进行了免疫状态研究。实验结果表明，冷疗后系列免疫指标明显增高。故认为冷冻治疗冠周炎的主要机理是提高机体的免疫功能。     

经皮穿刺神经末梢冷冻治疗跟痛的应用解剖

为给神经末梢冷冻治疗跟痛提供穿刺定位依据,在52侧下肢中对跟内侧支和跟外侧支的体表投影进行了观测。跟内侧支约有69.8%通过内踝跟结节线的中份,另有28.3%跟内侧支起于该线中份下方距离7.3mm处;跟外侧支约有70.2%通过外踝跟结节线的中份,另有22.8%跟外侧支起于该线下方距离5.8mm 处。据此冷冻治疗跟痛的进针部位可以选在内、外踝与跟结节连线的中份下方垂直距离5mm 处。     

孔源性视网膜脱离外路显微手术的临床观察

目的观察孔源性视网膜脱离外路显微手术的临床效果。方法对32例孔源性视网膜脱离患者的32只眼，在手术显微镜直视下进行视网膜放液或不放液，视网膜裂孔及变性区冷凝，硅胶块填压和／或环扎，术后观察视力恢复及视网膜复位情况。结果手术显微镜下患眼视网膜冷凝呈灰白色均清晰可见，无严重手术并发症。1次手术后视网膜完全复位30只眼，占93．4％，再次外路手术复位2只眼。结论孔源性视网膜脱离行外路显微镜直视下手术，具有简单方便直观、效果良好、成功率高等优点。     

Current therapy of retrolental fibroplasia. Retinopathy of prematurity

Retrolental fibroplasia, frequently referred to now as the "retinopathy of prematurity," has shown an increased incidence in recent years. This is apparently due to advances in neonatal care, which have resulted in a four- to five-fold improvement in the survival of the extremely low birthweight infants and it is these infants who are at the highest risk of developing retrolental fibroplasia. The use of large supplements of vitamin E, a known antioxidant, is discussed along with other forms of therapy.     

光动力和经皮氩氦系统冷消融联合治疗非小细胞性阻塞性肺癌

目的 研究联合应用光动力疗法和经皮氩氦系统冷消融，对不能切除性非小细胞性阻塞性肺癌的治疗价值。方法 41例非小细胞性阻塞性肺癌患者，或者固为肿瘤局部进展(按TNM分期为Ⅲb期)，或者因为肺功能差(严重阻塞性肺病)，被认为是不能切除性的。先予光动力疗法。静脉注射光敏剂Photofrin 2mg／kg(或血卟啉5mg／kg，华鼎药业)，48和72小时分别在支气管镜下输入630nm红色激光照射；再在B超或CT引导下通过氩氦系统进行经皮冷消融。按症状、肿瘤大小和生存期判断疗效。结果 41例经此种联合疗法治疗后，90．2％的患者主观症状有不同程度改善，症状积分治疗后明显降低，呼吸困难的改善最为明显；支气管镜复查，发现全部惠者支气管内肿瘤均得到不同程度消融，其中41．5％完全消失；CT复查发现肺内肿瘤CR34．1％，PR41．4％；X线片上，原有肺塌陷的病例中29．6％的塌陷完全消失，70．4％的肺塌陷减轻；半年和1年生存率分别达44和71％。无论光动力抑或经皮氩氦系统冷消融，均未发生严重并发症。结论 联合应用光动力疗法和氩氦系统经皮冷消融，能分别消除支气管内、外的病变，两者相辅相成，因而可提高不能切除性非小细胞性阻塞性肺癌的治疗效果。     

液氮冷冻治疗鳞屑性睑缘炎的疗效观察

目的:观察液氮冷冻治疗鳞屑性睑缘炎的临床疗效。方法:选取近几年在我院就诊的鳞屑性睑缘炎患者126例234眼,随机分为液氮冷冻治疗观察组65例120眼,每周2-3次治疗,6～10次为一疗程,同时滴用抗生素眼液及眼膏;药物治疗对照组61例114眼,采用滴抗生素眼液及眼膏和2％黄降汞眼膏,20—25 d为一疗程,经治疗二疗程后进行疗效比较。结果:观察组治愈64眼,有效30眼,无效26眼。有效、无效者继续治疗一疗程后治愈32眼,总治愈率80％,对照组治愈48眼,有效30眼,无效36眼,总治愈率42.11％,经统计学处理(X2=-35.47,P<0.01),差异有显著性。结论:液氮冷冻治疗鳞屑性睑缘炎有明显的疗效。     

VENLAFAXINE-INDUCED DEPRESSION OF WIND-UP ACTIVITY IN MONONEUROPATHIC RATS IS POTENTIATED BY INHIBITION OF BRAIN 5-HT1A RECEPTOR EXPRESSION IN VIVO

Antinociceptive effects of inhibiting 5-HT1A receptor expression by intracerebroventricular administration of an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide were studied in mononeuropathic rats. A 7-day period of treatment with the antisense produced: (i) reduction of mechanical hyperalgesia in the neuropathic hindlimb starting from day 5 of treatment, (ii) decrease of the hypothermic effect of 8-OH-DPAT challenge on day 6 of treatment, and (iii) potentiation of the inhibitory effect of velafaxine on spinal wind-up activity on day 7 of treatment. Results suggest a counteracting role of somatodendritic 5-HT1A receptors of raphe nuclei neurons in the antinociceptive efficacy of antidepressants with serotonergic spectrum in neuropathic pain     

视网膜母细胞瘤化疗减容加局部治疗瘤体后的临床消退类型分析

目的：探讨视网膜母细胞瘤化疗减容加局部治疗后瘤体的消退类型及预后。方法回顾性病例研究。63例（93眼）视网膜母细胞瘤患者在经过化疗减容加局部治疗后的消退类型进行回顾性分析。结果138个视网膜母细胞瘤体消退类型分为五型：0型（n=3），1型（n=19），2型（n=6），3型（n=35），4型（n=75）。肿瘤初始厚度小于或等于3mm的消退类型多为4型（84.21%），初始厚度在3~8mm的肿瘤多为3型（34.43%）和4型（40.98%），初始厚度大于8mm的肿瘤多为1型（35.00%）和3型（50.00%）。在黄斑区的瘤体中常见3型（45.10％）和4型（33.33％）消退类型，在黄斑区-赤道部和赤道部-锯齿缘区的瘤体中常见4型消退类型（54.35％，80.48％）。138个瘤体中其中有14个（10.14%）瘤体复发，其中有2个为0型瘤体，3个为1型瘤体，1个为2型瘤体，8个为3型瘤体。结论化疗减容加局部治疗后4型及3型消退类型最常见。多数小的瘤体转为萎缩瘢痕，中间大小的瘤体多转为萎缩瘢痕或部分钙化残留，大的瘤体多转为完全或部分钙化残留。3型消退类型的瘤体可能易复发。