多柔比星介导的血管损伤促进主动脉夹层发生发展的机制研究

目的探讨多柔比星(Dox)介导的血管损伤在促进主动脉夹层(AD)发生发展中的作用机制。方法选取武汉大学人民医院行胸AD全弓置换患者10例为实验组,同期选择心脏移植术患者3例为对照组,2组均于术中取AD血管标本。另取3周龄雄性C57BL/6J野生型小鼠18只,随机分为3组,每组6只,对照组(WT组)、β氨基丙腈酯(BAPN)组(第3周开始饲喂含0.25%BAPN小鼠维持饲料)、BAPN+Dox组(根据体质量每周腹腔注射3mg/kg Dox,连续5周,第3周开始饲喂饲料同BAPN组),5周后,游离小鼠主动脉,4%多聚甲醛固定,石蜡包埋,切片。免疫组织化学及Western blot检测组织P53蛋白表达,TUNEL染色检测细胞凋亡情况。结果实验组P53蛋白较对照组明显升高(0.76±0.05 vs 0.39±0.11),凋亡细胞明显增多[(38.3±8.7)%vs (12.6±1.2)%](P0.01)。BAPN+Dox组死亡率明显高于BAPN组(100.0%vs 66.7%);BAPN+Dox组组织P53蛋白较BAPN组显著升高;VSMC凋亡明显增多,且2组P53蛋白和血管平滑肌细胞(VSMC)凋亡均较WT组明显升高(P0.01)。结论 Dox介导的血管损伤可能通过诱导VSMC凋亡,促进AD发生发展。     

康莱特注射液对索拉非尼联合TACE治疗的中晚期肝癌患者的影响

目的观察康莱特注射液对索拉非尼联合经肝动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)治疗的中晚期肝癌患者的T细胞亚群、近期治疗效果及不良反应的影响。方法选择93例中晚期肝癌患者作为研究对象,随机分成观察组(n=46,康莱特+索拉非尼+TACE)和对照组(n=47,索拉非尼+TACE),观察2组患者的近期治疗效果、免疫功能变化和不良反应发生情况。结果观察组患者的治疗总有效率和疾病控制率均高于对照组(P均0.05),且观察组患者免疫功能相关指标(CD3~+、CD4~+和CD4~+/CD8~+)均高于对照组(P均0.05);观察组患者胃肠道反应及发热发生率均低于对照组(P均0.05)。结论康莱特注射液有助于提高索拉非尼联合TACE治疗的中晚期肝癌患者的近期治疗效果,有助于增强患者免疫功能,并且可减少不良反应。     

颌内动脉栓塞治疗鼻出血并脑梗死

【病例】男,68岁。因反复大量右侧鼻出血3天急诊入院。入院前1小时右鼻猛烈出血,经前、后鼻孔填塞后暂止。有高血压、动脉硬化病史。体检:血压150/90mmHg。心肺无异常,肝、脾不大,血象及肝、肾功能均在正常范围。心电图报告:完全性右束支传导阻滞,并左前分支阻滞。[底检查有动脉硬化表现。入院后给予输液、输血、抗生素、降压和止血药。虽经反复前、后鼻孔填塞,仍每日出血1~3次,每次10~100ml不等,血压降至110/75mmHg,血红蛋白降至60g/L。因出血难以控制,于是经右股动脉插管,行右颌内动脉超选择性栓塞。由于动脉硬化,术中曾多次自股动脉插…     

500例晚期孕妇血浆凝血项目的统计分析

晚期孕妇血液的凝血状态．对预测分娩过程中及产后大出血导致急性DIC和血栓栓塞性疾病有重要意义。而检测凝血酶原时间（PT）、凝亦酶时间（TTT）、活化部分凝血酶原时间（APTT）和纤维蛋白（FIB）是判断机体止血和凝血变化与筛查凝血性疾病的重要指标。     

交锁髓内钉治疗长骨干骨折并发脂肪栓塞3例治疗分析

目的：总结2000年1月～2005年12月应用交锁髓内钉治疗长骨干骨折并发脂肪栓塞3例的体会，探讨减少脂肪栓塞并发症的注意点及其治疗方法．方法：男128例，女48例，平均年龄35岁（19～71岁）．股骨骨折57例，胫骨骨折62例，肱骨骨折50例，尺桡骨骨折7例．其中新鲜骨折179例，陈旧骨折20例．全部用交锁髓内钉治疗．结果：176例中并发脂肪栓塞3例，3例抢救成功，无死亡．结论：①预防：术前充分准备，包括制动，抗休克，患者全身情况的检查和医师的技术培训；术中按操作规程施术；术后．必要的监护．②治疗：呼吸支持疗法：保护脑部：输血，抗休克；药物．     

钝性创伤致肠系膜上动脉分支假性动脉瘤一例

1病历资料患者女,46岁,2个月前因交通伤致腹部受伤,于当地医院腹腔穿刺抽出不凝血,行保守治疗后出现腹胀、腹痛、左下腹渐增性肿块。体检:贫血貌,左下腹可见一20cm×15cm包块,边界不清,有触痛,无搏动及血管杂音,肠鸣音弱。辅助检查:血红蛋白56g/L,红细胞2.3×1012/L。B超见左下腹有一不规则囊实性肿块,内部回声不均。彩色多普勒超声提示瘤腔内呈涡流的彩色血流信号,破口约0.8cm。CT提示左下腹包块,强化期包块内含造影剂血溢出,向下蔓延形成洋葱层样外观。CT血管成像(CTA)提示肠系膜上动脉分支假性动脉瘤。治疗时先采用介入方法,经股动脉…     

Pediatric intracranial aneurysms——clinical characteristics and therapeutic strategies

Objective To assess the radiological characteristics and therapeutic strategies of intracranial aneurysms in children. Methods From our dedicated neurovascular databank of patients, we reviewed 23 consecutive children who had 24 intracranial aneurysms. There were 14 boys and 9 girls with a mean age of 9.09 years ( range 1 - 14 years ). Results Intracranial aneurysms in children ≤ 14 years constituted 1.3% of all intracranial aneurysms. Internal Carotid artery (ICA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) were the most frequent sites for aneurysms. About 58.3% of the aneurysms were complex, including dissecting, pseudoaneurysm, giant and fusiform aneurysm. 1/3 of all aneurysms were located in posterior circulation. Only 1 case had multiple aneurysms in this case series. Almost half of all cases presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage and others presented with mass effect. 14 cases underwent endovascular treatment. 4 patients received microsurgical therapy. 5 cases did not receive microsurgical or endovascular therapy, 2 of them whose aneurysms spontaneously thrombosed during follow up. One boy with left vertebral artery giant aneurysm died after endovascular therapy owing to gradual thrombosis in basilar artery. Another child had poor outcome because of rerupture of aneurysm before operation. Whereas the majority had a favorable outcome. Conclusions Intracranial aneurysms in children had many clinical and radiological characteristics different from those in adults : ( 1 ) remarkable male predominance; ( 2 ) ICA and MCA were the most common sites for aneurysms; (3) high incidence of large, traumatic, infectious, dissecting and fusiform aneurysms. (4)For pediatric intracranial aneurysms, both microsurgical approaches and endovascular treatment were effective. Endovaacular therapy was the best choice for complex aneurysms.     

急性淋巴细胞性白血病患儿的护理

目的让护士增加急性淋巴细胞性白血病的知识，能敏锐观察到患儿的病情变化环节，及时救治，安全护理，预防差错，减轻患儿的痛苦，促进患儿的健康。方法描述患儿的病临床症状、体征，介绍一般护理与特殊治疗过程的护理，用一些关键性化验指标提示、提醒护理人员要注意观察患儿的病情变化及预防措施，强调个人卫生及心理护理和亲属的陪护，注意营养及无菌概念，预防院内感染。结果患儿在住院期间身心快乐，得到优质护理，减轻痛苦，减少并发症，缩短治疗时间，有效地配合医生治疗，促使疾病好转。结论护士通过有计划，系统地配合医生治疗，提供优质护理，保证了医疗护理的安全，促进了患儿早日康复，促进了医疗卫生事业的健康、有序的发展，维护了社会的稳定。     

神经病、神经外科和精神病学杂志

严重脑损伤后17年的社会心理调整;由琥珀酸脱氢酶（SDHA）黄素蛋白（Fp）亚单位突变所致Leigh综合征;动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血早期循环中的内皮细胞激活标记物水平：与脑缺血事件和预后的关系;CSF前列腺素E2水平与认知功能下降和阿尔茨海默病存活率的关系；变异型克罗伊茨费尔特-雅各布病患者的CSF磷酸-tau蛋白浓度升高：诊断和病理学意义。     

艾易舒注射液联合介入治疗中晚期肝癌36例疗效分析

目的观察艾易舒注射液联合介入治疗中晚期肝癌的疗效及不良反应。方法将72例中晚期肝癌随机分成治疗组36例和对照组36例,治疗组:艾易舒注射液0.5mg/d、静滴、d1-14,于第3天行介入治疗,术中动脉注射艾易舒注射液0.5mg。对照组单纯行介入治疗。2～3周期为一疗程,观察疗效和不良反应。结果治疗组总有效率48.5%(CR PR),中位生存期12个月,18个月生存率34.3%,24个月生存率为14.3%,生存质量提高率60%。对照组总有效率33.5%(CR PR),中位生存期8.9个月,18个月生存率12.1%,24个月生存率为0,生活质量提高率27.2%。结论艾易舒注射液联合介入治疗中晚期肝癌,可提高生活质量,延长中位生存期,提高长期生存率,值得进一步探讨。