散光矫正型多焦点与单焦点人工晶状体植入术的效果对比

目的：比较并分析散光矫正型多焦点IOL与单焦点IOL植入术后早中期的临床效果差异。
　　方法：老年性白内障患者行超声乳化IOL植入术34例40眼,其中A组植入散光矫正型多焦点IOL者18例20眼;B组植入散光矫正型单焦点IOL者16例20眼,观察两组患者术后1 mo和6 mo的裸眼远视力、最佳矫正远视力、裸眼近视力、最佳矫正近视力、总眼球散光及术后6 mo时暗光下对比敏感度。
　　结果：两组患者的裸眼远视力、最佳矫正远视力及最佳矫正近视力差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。裸眼近视力差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后总眼球散光1mo时A组为0.65±0.25D,B组为0.52±0.27D,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);6mo时A组为0.54±0.23D,B组为0.45±0.20D,两组比较差异亦无统计学意义( P>0.05)。6mo时暗光下对比敏感度及眩光对比敏感度两组比较在高频率差异具有统计学意义(P>0.05)。
　　结论：散光矫正型多焦点人工晶状体使具有较大角膜散光的白内障患者术后早期获得良好的、稳定的裸眼远、近视力,并且获得良好的视觉质量。     

角膜散光与软性角膜接触镜配适评估的相关性分析

目的探讨角膜散光的大小、轴向与球性、散光软性角膜接触镜的配适状态、舒适度之间的关系。设计前瞻性随机区组对照临床研究。研究对象284例自愿受试者,现在或曾经配戴软性角膜接触镜。方法受试者的平均近视屈光度为(-5.18±2.53)D,平均散光度为(0.81±0.50)D。每位受试者在接受眼部检查、验光、角膜地形图检查后,于其左眼间隔一定的时间先后配戴球性和散光软性接触镜。根据受试者左眼角膜散光的轴向将人群分为三组:第一组,顺规散光组(132眼);第二组,逆规散光组(76眼);第三组,斜轴散光组(76眼)。同时,根据受试者角膜散光度数的不同分为以下三组:第四组,<0.75D共153眼;第五组,≥0.75D、<1.50D,共106眼;第六组,≥1.50D共25眼。主要指标镜片中央定位、覆盖度、活动度、散光镜片的旋转性和稳定性以及舒适度。结果在前三组和后三组对比中,镜片覆盖度、活动度、旋转性及稳定性指标组间均无显著性差异。散光镜片的稳定性在3分钟、15分钟明显优于第1分钟。散光镜片的中央定位优于球性软镜(P=0.00),最佳中央定位的比例分别为54%与48%;散光镜片活动度大于球镜(P=0.02),两者活动度不良所占的比例分别为18%与19%;散光镜片舒适度差于球镜(P=0.00),不可接受的比例散光片为14%,球镜片为5%。结论软性角膜接触镜的配适与舒适度较少地受到角膜散光的影响。球性软镜可在一定程度上作为首选配戴。     

Comparison of the Astigmatic Power of Toric Intraocular Lenses Using Three Toric Calculators

Purpose

To compare the astigmatic power of toric intraocular lenses (IOLs) obtained from the AcrySof, TECNIS, and iTrace toric calculator in patients with preoperative with-the-rule (WTR) or against-the-rule (ATR) corneal astigmatism.

Materials and Methods

Fifty eyes with cataract and corneal astigmatism greater than 0.75 diopters were enrolled in each group (WTR and ATR). Keratometric values were measured using autokeratometry, an IOLMaster, and an iTrace, which incorporated corneal topography and ray-tracing aberrometry. Based on measured keratometric values, the astigmatic power of each toric IOL was calculated using three toric calculators.

Results

Bland-Altman plots showed good agreement between six pairwise corneal astigmatism values in both groups. The TECNIS calculator tended to suggest a higher astigmatic power of the toric IOL than the AcrySof calculator. With the higher astigmatism and keratometric values from the IOLMaster, in both groups, calculations from the AcrySof and TECNIS calculators resulted in higher calculated astigmatic powers than those from same calculators with autokeratometry-measured values, demonstrating good agreement. With the higher calculated astigmatic power values, the values from the iTrace toric calculator using keratometric values obtained from iTrace ray tracing wavefront aberrometry or iTrace simulated keratometry showed fair to moderate agreement with those from the other calculator-keratometry pairs in both groups.

Conclusion

To achieve the best refractive outcome after toric IOL implantation, understanding the differences in keratometric values between instruments and in calculated astigmatic power among toric calculator programs is necessary. Moreover, systemic analysis of each toric calculator in conjunction with postoperative data is required.     

AcrySof toric intraocular lens for post-keratoplasty astigmatism

We report a 63-year-old male who had undergone left eye optical penetrating keratoplasty for central leucomatous corneal opacity 10 years earlier. The eye had clear donor graft with residual astigmatism of -6.50 diopter cylinder (DC) at 30°. The patient underwent clear corneal phacoemulsification with implantation of +6.0 D spherical equivalent AcrySof SN60T9 intraocular lens (IOL). Postoperatively, at 10 months, the patient had distance corrected visual acuity of 20/30 with -2.00 DC at 20°. AcrySof toric IOL offers an effective treatment option for post-keratoplasty high corneal astigmatism in patients with cataract.     

AcrySof Toric人工晶体治疗术前存在角膜散光的白内障短期临床疗效

目的观察术前存在角膜散光的白内障患者进行白内障超声乳化联合植入AcrySof Toric人工晶体（toric intraocular lens,IOL）后视力、矫正散光的有效性及稳定性的短期疗效。方法选择术前带有角膜散光（大于1．2D,小于3．0D）,年龄61～75岁,平均（67．5土7．5）岁,晶状体混浊Ⅱ～Ⅳ级的的白内障患者20例（25只眼）为研究对象,进行白内障超声乳化联合植入AcrySof Toric IOL（T3-T5）,术后第1d、1w、1m、及3m分别检查裸眼视力（UCVA）,最佳矫正视力（BCVA）,复查角膜曲率和角膜地形图,观察人工晶体轴向的位置,散瞳通过裂隙灯观察人工晶体标记线与角膜缘标记位置的方法确定人工晶体转动度数。结果术后第1d、1w、1m、3m裸眼视力为0．67±0．15、0．635=0．21、0．64±0．17、0．64土0．19,最佳校正视力分别为0．72±0．23、0．71±0．30、0．74±0．16、0．73±0．20,平均存在散光分别为（0．78±0．35）D、（0．82±0．37）D、（0．81±0．28）D、（0．77±0．33）D,散瞳查AcrySofToric IOL平均轴位偏转为（3．72±1．41）度、（3．63±1．61）度、（3．66±1．53）度、（3．75±1．45）度,各个时间段裸眼视力、最佳矫正视力、散光及轴位旋转无明显差异（P值均大于0．05）。结论对于术前存在角膜散光的白内障患者,植入AcrySof Toric IOL能有效的提高视力、矫正术前角膜散光,而且稳定性较好。     

双氯芬酸钠滴眼液在Toric人工晶状体植入手术围手术期的应用

目的:观察双氯芬酸钠滴眼液在Toric人工晶状体植入围手术期应用的疗效。方法:将2011-01/2012-02的37例38眼合并角膜散光的白内障患者随机分为两组,试验组(18例19眼),对照组(19例19眼)。行超声乳化白内障吸出及Toric人工晶状体植入术治疗。试验组在对照组用药基础上,术前3d及术后第1d加用1g/L双氯芬酸钠滴眼液,4次/d。两组患者分别于术中记录患者的配合程度,术后1,3,7d;1,3mo观察眼部炎性反应。结果:术中配合程度试验组平均1.53±0.62,明显优于对照组(2.40±0.88),采用t检验进行组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1d试验组局部症状评分为1.65±0.75,明显低于对照组(2.32±1.23),采用t检验进行组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在超声乳化白内障吸出及Toric人工晶状体植入术围手术期短期应用双氯芬酸钠滴眼液,安全性可,能够减轻患者在手术过程中的刺激反应,提高患者手术中的配合程度,有效减轻患者的围手术期炎症反应。     

有晶状体眼后房散光矫治型人工晶状体植入术对近视散光的疗效

目的:研究有晶状体眼后房型散光矫治型人工晶状体(toric implantable collamer lens,TICL)植入术对近视散光患者视力、轴稳定性及视觉功能的影响.方法:选取2014-06/2015-07我院就诊的行TICL术的屈光不正患者72例90眼,术前术后分别检查裸眼视力(uncorrected visual acuity,UCVA)、最佳矫正视力(best corrected visual acuity,BCVA)、屈光度、对比敏感度,术后1wk,3、6mo通过裂隙灯测量TICL散光轴位,术后6mo调查问卷研究患者视觉功能满意度.结果:术后1wk,3、6mo时UCVA和BCVA均明显高于术前(P＜0.05);术后1wk,3、6mo的屈光度和散光度无统计学差异(P＞0.05);术后1wk,3、6mo各频率段的对比敏感度均高于术前(P＜0.05);TICL轴位的变化较小,术前术后无统计学差异(P＞0.05);患者满意度调查大于98％.结论:TICL植入术治疗近视散光安全有效,值得推广.     

Comparison of myopia control between toric and spherical periphery design orthokeratology in myopic children with moderate-to-high corneal astigmatism

AIM: To compare clinical results between toric and spherical periphery design orthokeratology (ortho-k) in myopic children with moderate-to-high corneal astigmatism. METHODS: This retrospective study enrolled 62 eyes of 62 subjects using toric ortho-k lenses. These subjects were assigned to the toric group. Based on the one-to-one match principle (same age, proximate spherical equivalence and corneal astigmatism), 62 eyes of 62 subjects were enrolled and included in the spherical group. At one-year follow-up visit, visual acuity, corneal astigmatism, treatment zone decentration, axial elongation and adverse reaction were compared between these two groups. RESULTS: At the one-year visit, corneal astigmatism was significantly lower in the toric group (1.22±0.76 D) than in the spherical group (2.05±0.85 D) (P=0.012). The mean magnitude of the treatment zone decentration was 0.62±0.42 mm in the toric group and 1.07±0.40 mm in the spherical group (P=0.004). Axial elongation was significantly slower in the toric group (0.04±0.13 mm) than in the spherical group (0.09±0.13 mm) (P=0.001). The one-year axial elongation was significantly correlated with initial age (r=-0.487, P<0.001) and periphery design of ortho-k lens (r=0.315, P<0.001). The incidence of corneal staining was lower in the toric group (8.1%) than in the spherical group (19.4%) (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: Toric periphery design ortho-k lenses may provide lower corneal astigmatism, better centration, slower axial elongation and lower incidence of corneal staining in myopic children with moderate-to-high corneal astigmatism.     

AcrysofToric人工晶状体植入术后旋转稳定性观察

目的评价Acusof ToricSA60TT型系列人工晶状体植入术后3个月在囊袋内位置（旋转）的稳定性。方法31例（39眼）白内障超声乳化Acusof ToricSA60TT型系列人工晶状体植入术,其中11眼角膜散光度小于1．50D者植入SA60T3型（A组）,18眼散光度为1．50D～2．00D者植入SA60T4型（B组）,10眼散光度大于2．00D者植入SA60T5型（C组）。观察术前及术后3个月的视力、角膜散光及人工晶状体的旋转度,并观察人工晶状体的旋转度与角膜散光等的关系。结果术后3月,3组人工晶状体旋转度之间无统计学意义,术后3月全部患者人工晶状体旋转的绝对平均值为2．5°±1．9°,15眼（38．46％）为顺时针旋转,最大值为10。,16眼（41．03％）为逆时针旋转,最大值为5°,8眼（20．5l％）无旋转。36眼（92．31％）旋转小于5°,25眼（65．10％）旋转小于2。,旋转的度数与眼轴长、术前角膜散光度均无相关性。结论AcusofTofcSA60Tr系列人工晶状体在囊袋内有较好的旋转稳定性。