吡咯烷二硫代氨基甲酸盐抑制NF-κB活化对HL-60细胞的化疗增敏作用

目的：探讨化疗诱导性核因子κB的活化机制及抗氧化抑制NF-κB活化对白血病细胞凋亡及化疗敏感性的影响。 方法： 采用间接免疫荧光方法和凝胶迁移率变动试验（EMSA）观察不同浓度的化疗药物单独或与抗氧化剂吡咯烷二硫代氨基甲酸盐（PDTC）联合作用于HL-60细胞后NF-κB的活化反应；运用流式细胞术和MTT试验比较NF-κB活化及活化抑制对HL-60细胞凋亡及化疗敏感性的影响。 结果： EMSA试验表明，柔红霉素（DNR）和足叶乙甙（VP-16）均呈剂量依赖性诱导NF-κB活化；RelA亚基位于细胞核进一步证实了NF-κB活化。PDTC呈剂量依赖性抑制诱导性NF-κB活化，当其浓度达到100 μmol/L时，NF-κB活化被完全抑制。比较PDTC干预前后细胞的凋亡反应，发现2.5 mg/L、5 mg/L、10 mg/L VP-16诱导的细胞凋亡指数分别由(5.34±0.62)%、(10.16±0.42)%、(17.32±1.15)%增至(8.97±0.81)%、(16.01±1.06)%、(22.96±1.33%)，且PDTC显著增强DNR及VP-16对HL-60细胞的生长抑制率(P<0.01)。 结论： 反应性氧中间产物介导化疗诱导性NF-κB活化，抗氧化抑制NF-κB活化可以增进HL-60细胞凋亡及化疗敏感性。     

Characterizing the influence of structure and route of exposure on the disposition of dithiocarbamates using toluene-3,4-dithiol analysis of blood and urinary carbon disulfide metabolites.

Differences in the toxicities observed for dithiocarbamates have been proposed to result from the influence of nitrogen substitution, oxidation state, and route of exposure. To better characterize the fate of dithiocarbmates in vivoas a function of structure and route of exposure, rats were administered equimolar doses of carbon disulfide (CS2), N-methyldithiocarbamate, pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate, N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate, or disulfiram daily for five days, either po or ip, and sequential blood samples obtained. Protein dithiocarbamates formed by the in vivo release of CS2, parent dithiocarbamate, and protein-bound mixed disulfides were assessed in plasma and hemolysate by measuring toluene trithiocarbonate generated upon treatment with toluene-3, 4-dithiol (TdT). To aid in determining the bioavailability of CS2 from the administered dithiocarbamates, the urinary CS2 metabolites, 2-thiothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (TTCA) and 2-thiothiazolidin-4-ylcarbonylglycine (TTCG), were also determined. The levels of TdT-reactive moieties detected depended upon both the compound administered and the route of exposure. Parent dithiocarbamates, with the exception of disulfiram, were eliminated from blood within 24 h; but protein associated TdT-reactive moieties persisted and accumulated with repeated exposure, regardless of the route of exposure. N-Methyldithiocarbamate demonstrated the greatest potential to produce intracellular globin modifications, presumably through its unique ability to generate a methylisothiocyanate metabolite. Urinary excretion of TTCA and TTCG was more sensitive than TdT analysis for detecting dithiocarbamate exposure, but TdT analysis appeared to be a better indicator of in vivo release of CS2 by dithiocarbamates than were urinary CS2 metabolites. These data suggest that CS2 is a more important metabolite, following oral exposure, than are other routes of exposure, e.g., inhalation or dermal. In addition, data also suggest that acid stability, nitrogen substitution, and route of exposure are important factors governing the toxicity observed for a particular dithiocarbamate.     

Effects of PDTC on the Proliferation and PCNA Expression of Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells

Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is oneof the most common eye diseases that couldlead tosevere vision i mpairment and tend to cause blind-ness .It has beenfound that the abnormal prolifer-ation of retinal pigment epithelium(RPE) plays akey role in the onset and development of PVR.Under pathologic status ,such as rhegmatogenousdetachment of retina and severe ocular trauma ,RPE cells may migrate and proliferate because ofthe sti mulations of cytokines or chemokines ,thusmay lead to path…     

广东地产中药中砷含量的测定

本文采用Ag- DDC分光光度法和新银盐法对广东地产13种中药材的砷含量进行测定,参考相关的限量标准,了解广东地产中药材砷的含量情况。结果发现石菖蒲的砷含量远远高于各项限量标准,其余12种中药材砷的含量较低。     

二硫代氨基甲酸吡咯烷对小鼠急性凋亡性肝损伤的效应

目的探讨二硫代氨基甲酸吡咯烷(PDTC)对氨基半乳糖(GalN)/细菌脂多糖(LPS)诱导小鼠急性凋亡性肝损伤的作用及其分子机制。方法设置生理盐水(NS)组、GalN/LPS组、PDTC+GalN/LPS组和PDTC组。每组10只小鼠被用于观察LPS处理后72h内的动物死亡情况;每组6只小鼠经LPS处理后1.5h被取血、处死并留取肝脏,用RT-PCR检测肝脏组织TNF-αmRNA表达水平,用EMSA分析肝脏NF-κB结合活性,每组12只小鼠于LPS处理后8h取血、处死并留取肝脏,测定血清丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)活力,用TUNEL技术检测肝脏细胞凋亡,并对肝组织切片行常规HE染色。结果GalN/LPS共处理升高小鼠血清ALT活力;肝脏组织病理学检查发现,GalN/LPS组小鼠肝脏严重充血、坏死并伴有大量炎性细胞浸润,肝脏组织TUNEL阳性细胞增多;在GalN/LPS共处理72h内有90%小鼠发生死亡,所有死亡小鼠均伴有肝脏严重充血。PDTC预处理抑制GalN/LPS诱导的肝脏NF-κB激活和TNF-α表达,但PDTC预处理反而加重GalN/LPS引起的小鼠肝脏细胞凋亡、进一步升高血清ALT活力、加重肝脏充血和坏死并加速小鼠死亡。结论NF-κB抑制剂PDTC通过抑制肝脏实质细胞NF-κB介导的抗凋亡机制加重GalN/LPS诱导的小鼠急性凋亡性肝损伤。     

NF-κB抑制剂PDTC对CCL19调控人头颈鳞癌细胞增殖活性的作用

目的探讨核因子κB(NF-κB)抑制剂吡咯烷二硫代氨基甲酸盐(PDTC)在CCL19调控人头颈鳞癌细胞活性中的作用。方法依次使用不同浓度PDTC、CCL19、顺铂处理人头颈鳞癌转移细胞PCI-37B,应用TransAMTM NF-κB p65试剂盒、噻唑蓝比色(MTT)、流式细胞仪等方法观察NF-κB活性变化,及其与细胞生长抑制、细胞周期、凋亡的关系。结果不同浓度PDTC可以使CCL19诱导的NF-κB活性显著降低(P<0.05),同时恢复CCL19作用后的细胞对顺铂化疗的敏感性,使细胞生长抑制率、细胞G1期比例、凋亡率等显著上升(P<0.05)。结论PDTC能阻断CCL19对人头颈鳞癌细胞活性的调控、促使细胞死亡。     

A Study of Diphenylfumaronitrile and Furan‐Substituted Diketopyrrolopyrrole Alternating Copolymer and Its Thin‐Film Transistors

A fused aromatic furan‐substituted diketopyrrolopyrrole and novel diphenylfumaronitrile conjugated building blocks are used for the synthesis of an alternating copolymer ( DPFN‐DPPF ) via Suzuki polycondensation. In this paper, the first attempt to use the diphenylfumaro­nitrile building block for the synthesis of conjugated polymer is described. The number‐average and weight‐average ­molecular weights calculated for DPFN‐DPPF are 20 661 and 66 346 g mol^?1, respectively. The optical bandgap calculated for DPFN‐DPPF is 1.53 eV whereas the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) value calculated by photoelectron spectroscopy in air (PESA) is 5.50 eV. The calculated HOMO value is lower, which is suitable for stable organic electronic devices. DPFN‐DPPF polymer is used as an active layer in bottom‐contact bottom‐gate organic thin‐film transistor devices and the thin film exhibits a hole mobility of 0.20 cm² V^?1 s^?1 in air.

     

Imaging prostate cancer (PCa) with [99mTc(CO)3]finasteride dithiocarbamate

This investigation aimed to modify finasteride ( 1 ) to finasteride dithiocarbamate ( 2 ) for subsequent synthesis of the rhenium analogue ( 3 ) and [^99mTc]tricarbonyl complexes ( 4 ), to assess its prostate cancer (PCa) targeting potential in a rat model. To validate the identity of ( 4) , reference ( 3) has been synthesized by using fac‐[Net₄]₂[ReBr₃(CO)₃] precursor and characterized by ¹H‐NMR, ¹³C‐NMR, ESI‐MS, and elemental analysis. The analogue ( 4) was synthesized by using fac‐[^99mTc(H₂O)₃(CO)₃]⁺ precursor, and its structure was confirmed by comparative HPLC by using ( 3) as a reference. Further, the suitability of ( 4) as a PCa imaging agent was investigated in vitro and in vivo. At room temperature, ( 4) had ≥99% radiochemical purity and remained ≥84% stable in serum. In preclinical studies, biodistribution of ( 4) in histopathologically established rat model showed adequately high in vivo uptake in the prostate attracting the possibility of using it for noninvasive imaging of PCa.     

Inhibition of EGFR autophosphorylation plays an important role in the anti-breast cancer efficacy of the dithiocarbamate derivative TM208

Aim： To investigate the effects of a novel dithiocarbamate derivative TM208 on human breast cancer cells as well as the pharmacoki- netic characteristics of TM208 in human breast cancer xenograft mice. Methods： Human breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with TM208 or a positive control drug tamoxifen. Cell pro- liferation was examined using SRB and colony formation assays. Cell apoptosis was analyzed with Annexin V-FITC/PI staining assay. Protein expression was examined with Western blot, ELISA and immunohistochemical analyses. MCF-7 breast cancer xenograft nude mice were orally administered TM208 （50 or 150 mg.k$1〈1-1） or tamoxifen （50 mg.kgl〈t-~） for 18 d. On d 19, the tumors were collected for analyses. Blood samples were collected from the mice treated with the high dose of TM208, and plasma concentrations of TM208 were measured using LC-MS/MS. Results： Treatment of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells with TM208 dose-dependently inhibited the cell proliferation and colony formation in vitro （the IC~o values were 36.38＋3.77 and 18.13＋0.76 pmol/L, respectively）. TM208 （20-150pmol/L） dose-dependently induced apoptosis of both the breast cancer cells in vitro. In MCF-7 breast cancer xenograft nude mice, TM208 administration dose-depend- ently reduced the tumor growth, but did not result in the accumulation of TM208 or weight loss. TM208 dose-dependently inhibited the phosphorylation of EGFR and ERK1/2 in both the breast cancer cells in vitro as well as in the MCF-7 xenograft tumor. Conclusion： Inhibition of EGFR autophosphorylation plays an important role in the anticancer effect of TM208 against human breast cancer.     

吡咯烷二硫代氨基甲酸盐对大鼠急性坏死性胰腺炎肝损伤的保护作用

目的:探讨核因子KB(NF-κB)抑制剂吡咯烷二硫代氨基甲酸盐(PDTC)对大鼠急性坏死性胰腺炎(ANP)的预防治疗作用。方法:大鼠80只随机分为正常对照组(Z)、胰腺炎组(Y)和干预纽.干预组又分为建模前1h PDTC干预组(A)、建模后1h PDTC干预组(B)和建模后6h干预组(C).干预组按不同时间ip PDTC.建模后6,12,24 h分批处死,临床全自动生化仪检测血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和淀粉酶(AMY),用凝胶迁移率改变分析法(EMSA)测定胰腺和肝脏中NF-κB的活性.同时观察胰腺和肝脏的病理改变.结果:正常大鼠组织中几乎测不到NF-κB的活性,与Z组比较,Y组胰腺和肝脏组织中6,12,24 h NF-κB活性分别明显增加(P<0.001).建模前1h,1h后使用PDTC,胰腺和肝脏组织中NF-κB活性均受到抑制(18.14±3.30,23.79±3.62 vs 24.82±4.57:10.68±2.51,13.83±2.70 vs 16.38±2.50;P<0.05),Y组血清ALT,AMY均高于对照组.病理学检查可以见到Y组和A,B,C组的胰腺和肝脏均有炎性改变,但A组较Y组明显为轻.结论:NF-κB的异常活化与SAP以及肝损伤有明显关系:PDTC对SAP时肝损伤的发生有一定的预防作用.