超声乳化白内障摘除联合小梁切除术对眼表的影响

目的：采用Keratograph 5M眼表综合分析仪比较小梁切除术和超声乳化白内障摘除联合小梁切除术对眼表的影响。

方法：纳入原发性闭角型青光眼合并白内障患者62例62眼,按手术方式分为两组：小梁切除术组32例32眼,超声乳化白内障摘除联合小梁切除术组(青白联合手术组)30例30眼。运用Keratograph 5M评估术前,术后3d,1、 3mo的非侵入性首次泪膜破裂时间(NifBUT)、非侵入性平均泪膜破裂时间(NiaBUT)、泪河高度(TMH)和角膜荧光素染色评分(CFS)。

结果：术前两组患者眼表参数比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后3d青白联合手术组的NiaBUT、NifBUT、CFS、TMH最差,分别为10.13±1.48、12.59±1.96s、0.80±0.22分与0.31±0.02mm,变化幅度明显高于小梁切除组(均 P<0.05),术后1mo两组的各项指标均有所恢复,但直到术后3mo仍未完全恢复到术前水平。

结论：眼表综合分析仪可以客观、精确地用于评估抗青光眼手术后泪膜功能的变化。在术后3mo短期内超声乳化白内障摘除联合小梁切除术比单纯小梁切除术对眼表的影响更为严重,提示在此期间应加强对眼表的护理。     

Comparison of incidence of ptosis after combined phacotrabeculectomy with mitomycin C and phacoemulsification

Objective:To compare the incidence of upper eyelid blepharoptosis after combined phacotrabeculectomy with mitomycin C and phacoemulsification surgeries and the relationship of bleb morphology to the incidence of ptosis.Design:Retrospective observation study.Participants:We included 46 patients after combined phacotrabeculectomy and 44 patients with phacoemulsification in the former group, and all eyes underwent a standardized two-site surgery with intra-operative mitomycin C.Results:There were 8 eyes (17.4%) and 5 eyes (11.4%) with postoperative ptosis in the phacotrabeculectomy and phacoemulsification groups, respectively (P = 0.342). In multivariate regression analysis, reduced total bleb area was significantly associated with upper eyelid ptosis after adjusting for age, gender, and type of anesthesia. The trend seemed to show that increased bleb height was also associated with ptosis, but this did not reach statistical significance.Conclusions:Incidence of persistent ptosis after phacoemulsification combined with trabeculectomy and mitomycin C is similar compared to stand alone phacoemulsification surgery in a multiethnic Asian population. Bleb morphology may play an important role in postoperative ptosis development and should be considered in the evaluation of upper eyelid blepharoptosis.     

不同切口白内障联合青光眼手术对眼表的影响

目的：探讨单切口和双切口白内障超声乳化联合小梁切除术治疗闭角型青光眼合并年龄相关性白内障术后眼表的影响。

方法：随机抽取在我院行单切口和双切口白内障超声乳化吸除、人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术患者各26例26眼，对临床资料进行回顾性分析。比较两组病例术前1d和术后1wk，1、3mo时的泪膜破裂时间(break up time，BUT)，泪液分泌试验Ⅰ(SchirmerⅠ time，SⅠt)，角膜荧光素染色程度(corneal fluorescein staining，FL)等，并对结果进行统计学分析。

结果：所有入选的病例均在局部麻醉下行手术治疗，术后随访3mo。两组患者术后1wk，1mo的BUT，FL，SⅠt指标数值与术前相比均有明显差异(P<0.01)，术后3mo基本恢复术前水平。术后1wk，1mo双切口组BUT，SⅠt均明显短于单切口组(P<0.05)； FL双切口组术后1wk明显高于单切口组(P<0.05)，而术后1mo两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后3mo，两组患者的BUT，FL，SⅠt相比差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。

结论：单切口和双切口的白内障超声乳化联合显微小梁切除术术后均对术眼眼表有影响，双切口组影响更大，且相关指标异常的高峰期出现在术后1mo之内。     

不同切口超声乳化白内障吸除术联合小梁切除术的疗效和耐受性的荟萃分析

目的:评价并比较一切口和二切口超声乳化白内障吸除术联合小梁切除术治疗白内障合并青光眼的疗效和耐受性。方法:按照Cochrane协作网方法全面检索符合纳入标准的比较一切口和二切口超声乳化白内障吸除术联合小梁切除术的临床对照研究,将其进行荟萃分析。临床疗效的评估包括:眼压下降百分比采用标准化均差(SMD),术后最佳矫正视力≥0.5的患者百分比采用比值比(OR),手术成功率采用相对危险度(RR)。临床耐受性的评估采用RR。所有结果均以95%可信区间表示。数据分析采用Stata10.1。结果:降低眼压的临床疗效二切口术式明显优于一切口术式,差异具有统计学意义(SMD,-0.19;95%CI,-0.33到-0.04;P=0.01);术后最佳矫正视力≥0.5的患者百分比二切口术式大于一切口术式,但差异不具有统计学意义(OR,0.65;95%CI,0.30到1.39;P=0.26);术后不加用抗青光眼药物达到靶眼压的患者百分比二切口术式大于一切口术式,但差异不具有统计学意义(RR,0.94;95%CI,0.84到1.04;P=0.22);两种术式在术后并发症方面差别无统计学意义。结论:二切口超声乳化白内障吸除术联合小梁切除术临床疗效优于一切口术式。两种术式的术后并发症没有明显差异。     

超声乳化联合小梁切除术治疗青光眼合并白内障200例

目的 探讨超声乳化人工晶体植入术联合小梁切除术对青光眼合并白内障患者的治疗效果. 方法 对200例青光眼合并白内障的患者进行了超声乳化联合小梁切除术 人工晶体植入术,并对术后的视力、眼压、抗青光眼药物的应用和早期术后并发症进行了分析. 结果 术后6周的矫正视力达0.8以上者为88.5%,术后第1天、第1周、第3周、第6周、第6个月眼压明显低于术前眼压,抗青光眼药物的应用较术前明显减少,主要术后早期并发症是角膜水肿和前房积血. 结论 超生乳化联合小梁切除术对青光眼合并白内障的病人的早期视力恢复及眼压控制,防止视神经的进一步损伤有着重要的意义.     

The efficacy and safety of intraoperative and/or postoperative 5-fluorouracil in trabeculectomy and phacotrabeculectomy

Purpose : First, to assess the safety and efficacy of using 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) to improve trabeculectomy and phacotrabeculectomy success rates, and second, to assess the efficacy of intraoperative and reduced postoperative 5‐FU following trabeculectomy compared with a more intensive course of postoperative 5‐FU alone. Methods : In a retrospective, unmatched, non‐randomized consecutive series study, 186 eyes of 186 patients who had filtration surgery were followed for 2 years in four groups: 51 patients had undergone trabeculectomy surgery with postoperative 5‐FU, 51 had phacotrabeculectomy with postoperative 5‐FU, 56 had trabeculectomy with both intraoperative and postoperative 5‐FU, and 28 patients had trabeculectomy without antifibrotics. Results : At all times mean intraocular pressure (IOP) was reduced in all groups (P < 0.001 for each group). Success was defined as IOP < 16 mmHg and > 30% IOP reduction at the 2‐year follow up. It was achieved in 71% of the trabeculectomy patients with intraoperative and postoperative 5‐FU, 76% of the trabeculectomy group with only postoperative 5‐FU, 55% of the phacotrabeculectomy/ 5‐FU group, and in 29% of the trabeculectomy‐only eyes (between‐group differences P < 0.01). Success rates were not significantly different for the intraoperative and postoperative 5‐FU trabeculectomy versus the postoperative 5‐FU‐only eyes, but the former had fewer postoperative 5‐FU injections and corneal ulceration (P < 0.01 for both). Conclusions : 5‐Fluorouracil was safe and improved trabeculectomy survival. Intraoperative 5‐FU allowed fewer postoperative 5‐FU injections and fewer side‐effects without compromising success rates. Phacotrabeculectomy with postoperative 5‐FU had a lower surgical success rate than did trabeculectomy with 5‐FU and this was not statistically different from trabeculectomy without 5‐FU.     

两种切口青光眼白内障三联手术近期疗效的对比研究

目的：评价并比较单切口和双切口超声乳化白内障摘除、人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术治疗青光眼合并白内障的近期疗效。

方法：采用前瞻性随机对照临床试验研究,青光眼合并白内障的患者60例78眼。31例40眼行单切口超声乳化白内障摘除、人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术,29例 38眼行双切口手术。术后2wk; 1mo观察视力、眼压、术后滤过泡、散光及术后并发症。

结果：术后全部患者都感到视力较术前提高,不同切口组间视力在术后2wk; 1mo比较无显著差异(P>0.05); 术后2wk; 1mo两组患者的眼压较术前均降低,有显著性差异(P<0.05),两组间比较无显著性差异(P>0.05); 单切口组及双切口组功能滤过泡的眼数在术后2wk; 1mo比较均无显著意义(P>0.05); 术后2wk时,单切口组散光较术前增大,与同期的双切口组相比散光大,均有显著差异(P<0.05); 术后1mo时,两组与术前相比、两组间比较均无显著差异(P>0.05); 3眼术后出现少量前房积血,12眼术后早期出现角膜内皮水肿、后弹力层皱褶,6眼出现前房纤维素性渗出。

结论：双切口超声乳化白内障摘除、人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术治疗青光眼白内障,手术操作简便、疗效佳,是一种理想的手术方式。     

白内障超声乳化摘除联合小梁切除术以及单纯小梁切除术在原发性闭角型青光眼的治疗中的对比研究

白内障超声乳化摘除联合小梁切除术以及单纯小梁切除术在 原发性闭角型青光眼的治疗中的对比研究 背景：对于原发性闭角型青光眼的眼压控制来说,小梁切除术是主流手术方式,而对合并有白内障的原发性闭角型青光眼患者,小梁切除联合白内障超声乳化摘除+人工晶体植入术不仅可以控制眼压,还可以提高患者的视力。本文旨在对两种手术方式在合并白内障的原发性闭角型青光眼的安全性和有效性进行对比研究。 方法：本文为病例对照系列研究。共纳入31例合并白内障的原发性闭角型青光眼患者,其中,17例患者行小梁切除术联合白内障超声乳化摘除+人工晶体植入术,14名患者单行小梁切除术。对于术后的眼压、滤过泡及并发症进行对比。手术完全成功定义为术后不用降眼压药物时眼压低于21mmHg. 结果：术后共随访10个月,青白联合及单纯小梁切除组在降眼压方面没有显著差异(20.597.94 vs. 24.8514.39 mmHg, P=0.614),完全成功率分别为88.2% 及 71.4%, （P=0.37）,滤过泡形成比例分别为64.7% [11/17] vs. 92.9% [13/14]（P=0.094）,并发症发生的比例分别为41.2% [7/17] vs. 57.1% [8/14],（P=0.38）。两组患者中绝大多数术后停用降眼压药物;单纯行小梁切除组部分患者需要进一步的手术干预,包括前房形成术、白内障超声乳化术等。 结论：虽然单纯小梁切除术组术后有几例因白内障及并发症的存在需进一步手术,青光眼白内障联合术及小梁切除术在合并白内障的原发性闭角型青光眼的降眼压效果、手术成功率及术后并发症相当。 关键词：原发性闭角型青光眼;小梁切除术;白内障超声乳化摘除联合梁切除术;白内障。     

Comparison of surgical outcome of trabeculectomy and phacotrabeculectomy in Chinese glaucoma patients

Our study retrospectively reviewed the surgical outcomes up to 3mo of 38 consecutive Chinese glaucoma patients who underwent trabeculectomy (n=18) or phacotrabeculectomy (n=20). Baseline age, visual acuity, and intraocular pressure were comparable. Intraocular pressure from post-operative 1d to 3mo were similar between 2 groups. Complete success was achieved in 65% of phacotrabeculectomy, and 66.7% of trabeculectomy cases; while failure occurred in 16.7% of phacotrabeculectomy, and 10% of trabeculectomy cases at 3mo. Phacotrabeculectomy group consistently showed better improvement in visual acuity. Diffuse blebs occurred in 65% of phacotrabeculectomy and 83% of trabeculectomy eyes; and flat blebs in 35% of phacotrabeculectomy, but none after trabeculectomy. There was more hypotony (5% vs 0) after phacotrabeculectomy. To conclude, phacotrabeculectomy and trabeculectomy demonstrated comparable intraocular pressure control up to 3mo post-operatively. However, phacotrabeculectomy patients had better visual acuity improvement. Nonetheless, more diffuse bleb and less hypotony were present following trabeculectomy.     

Comparison of bleb morphology by anterior segment optical coherence tomography and clinical outcome after phacotrabeculectomy with mitomycin C or Ologen implant

Purpose:To compare the bleb morphology by Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography (ASOCT) and clinical outcome after Phacotrabeculectomy with either mitomycin C or Ologen implant.Methods:In a prospective interventional active controlled study, 93 patients aged 18 years and above underwent phacotrabeculectomy with either mitomycin C (53 eyes) or ologen implant (40 eyes), followed up for 12 months. The primary outcome measure was to note the evolution of bleb morphology by ASOCT in the two groups over 12 months. Secondary outcome measures were mean IOP, reduction in the need for anti-glaucoma medications, and complications seen in the two groups.Results:All parameters in the two groups were comparable preoperatively (P>0.05). Best corrected visual acuity at 12 months was 0.38±0.27 in mitomycin group and 0.31±0.23 in ologen group (P=0.151). Post-operative IOP at 12 months was 14.09±3.1mmHg (95%CI 13.22-14.97) in mitomycin group, and 13.25±2.5 mmHg (95%CI 12.40-14.30) in ologen group (P=0.254).The mean number of medications was 0.36±0.68 in mitomycin group and 0.38+/-0.70 in ologen group at 12 months (P=0.91). Overall success was achieved in 98.1 % of patients in mitomycin group and 90 % of patients in ologen group at 12 months. No major sight-threatening complications were noted in any group. AS-OCT imaging at 12 months showed multiform reflectivity with multiple large cystic spaces in both groups, with good IOP control.Conclusion:Phacotrabeculectomy using Mitomycin C and Ologen implant resulted in similar morphologic and functioning blebs at one year with comparable efficacy in controlling intraocular pressure.