玻璃体腔注射lucentis治疗白内障术后顽固性黄斑水肿的疗效

目的 通过玻璃体腔单次注射抗血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)药物lucentis观察治疗顽固性黄斑水肿的临床疗效和安全性.方法 收集2014年7月至2015年7月在我科白内障超声乳化联合人工晶体植入术后发生顽固性黄斑水肿患者9例(10眼),病史均大于3个月.荧光素眼底血管造影(fundus fluoresceinangiography,FFA)及光学相干断层扫描(optical coherence tomography,OCT)检查确诊并排除黄斑相关疾病引起的黄斑水肿.患眼玻璃体腔单次注射lucentis 0.5 mg (0.05 mL),治疗后随访12周,对比观察治疗前后患眼视力、眼压、OCT及FFA改变.结果 9例患者10只眼治疗后1周视力明显提高,4、12周后视力稳定;与治疗前比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.01).OCT检查黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度(central foveal thickness,CFT),从治疗前(480±121) μm,下降至治疗后1周(293±58) μm,4、12周厚度分别保持在(231 ±23)、(235±35) μm,治疗前后比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.01),所有患者均未出现眼内或全身不良反应.结论 玻璃体腔注射lucentis治疗白内障术后顽固性黄斑水肿能明显改善患者视功能,减轻黄斑水肿,无副作用.     

Effect of Reflux of Drug During Intravitreal Anti-VEGF Therapies on Foveal Thickness

Purpose: To report any variation in foveal thickness in eyes with and without reflux during anti-VEGF injection.

Method: Review of electronic case notes and scans.

Results: 18 patients receiving bevazicumab were identified as having reflux (n?=?3) or no reflux (n?=?15). Pre-injection average central foveal thickness (CFT) was 439 microns (µ) and post-injection average CFT was 417µ. The change in mean CFT was -22 µ (range -330 to 336 µ). 70 patients receiving ranibizumab (lucentis) were identified as having reflux (n?=?22) or no reflux (n?=?48). Average pre-injection CFT was 336 µ and post-injection average CFT was 289 µ. The change in mean CFT was -48 µ (range -163 to 443 µ). The change in CFT between the group with reflux and no reflux in bevazicumab and ranibizumab injections was statistically insignificant.

Conclusion: Reflux following injection of anti-VEGF agents does not appear to cause a sub-therapeutic effect.     

全视网膜光凝术联合雷珠单抗对糖尿病性黄斑水肿患者最佳矫正视力的影响

目的 研究全视网膜光凝术(PRP)联合雷珠单抗对糖尿病性黄斑水肿患者最佳矫正视力的治疗效果。方法125例患者(合计125只眼)被分为两组,即观察组(n=62)与对照组(n=63)。对照组接受PRP进行治疗,而观察组患者联合使用PRP与雷珠单抗进行治疗。结果相比较对照组,观察组治疗后(3个月、6个月)最佳矫正视力明显增高,视网膜新生血管渗漏面积、中心区视网膜厚度、黄斑总体积明显更低。且观察组治疗有效率明显高于对照组(90.48% vs 67.44%,P<0.05),同时无严重并发症发生。结论PRP联合雷珠单抗治疗糖尿病性黄斑水肿安全有效,值得推广。     

曲安奈德与雷珠单抗治疗视网膜静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿比较

目的： 比较曲安奈德(Triamcinolone Acetonide,TA)与雷珠单抗(Lucentis,LU)治疗视网膜静脉阻塞性黄斑水肿的临床疗效。

方法：回顾性分析40例最佳矫正视力(BCVA,小数视力)≤0.6,黄斑中心凹厚度(CMT)≥250μm的视网膜静脉阻塞性黄斑水肿患者,分别进行玻璃体腔注射TA(22例,4mg,0.1mL)或LU(18例,0.5mg,0.05mL)治疗。比较两种药物治疗前和治疗后1, 2wk; 1, 2, 3,6mo两组CMT与BCVA的改变情况

结果：两组在治疗后视力明显提高,术后各时间点均较术前具有显著改变(P<0.05), TA组治疗后1mo视力最好(BCVA,logMAR=0.30±0.20),LU组治疗后2mo视力最好(BCVA,logMAR=0.21±0.10),两组在治疗后黄斑水肿明显减轻,CMT明显降低,术后各时间点均具有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组治疗后2mo时黄斑水肿程度最低(TA组CMT=274.45±141.81μm,LU组CMT=225.83±22.86μm)。BCVA(小数视力)与CMT呈负相关。各项指标两组间均无统计学差异。

结论： 玻璃体腔注射TA及LU治疗视网膜静脉阻塞性黄斑水肿均可减轻黄斑水肿和改善视力,两者治疗效果无显著差异。     

Rapid Resolution of Macular Edema Associated with Central Retinal Vein Occlusion Using Ranibizumab after Failure with Multiple Bevacizumab Injections

Purpose: To report improvement in cystoid macular edema from central retinal vein occlusion with one injection of ranibizumab after failure with seven injections of bevacizumab.

Methods: Case report.

Results: A 74-year-old female developed persistent blurred vision for three months. Ocular examination revealed macular edema secondary to nonischemic central retinal vein occlusion. The patient was treated with intravitreal bevacizumab (1.25?mg in 0.05?mL). She received seven injections (every 5–6 weeks). Vision fluctuated between 20/30 and 20/60 with minimal variation in central foveal thickness (449-574 μm). However, weeks after one injection of ranibizumab the patient’s vision improved to 20/20 with near resolution of macular edema (CFT?=?343 μm).

Conclusions: Patients with no response to bevacizumab injections can show a rapid and large improvement with ranibizumab. This underscores the important differences between these two medications. Further study is required to determine if these initial effects of ranibizumab can be maintained.     

贝伐单抗与雷珠单抗联合Ahmed 阀植入治疗NVG的对照研究

目的：比较Ahmed青光眼房水引流阀植入术联合玻璃体腔内注射不同抗血管内皮生长因子药物治疗新生血管性青光眼(neovascular glaucoma,NVG)有效性和安全性。

方法：采用回顾病例对照研究,收集2009-09/2013-11在我院行Ahmed 阀植入术治疗NVG的患者资料。根据患者Ahmed阀植入术前玻璃内注射的抗VEGF药物不同分为贝伐单抗组和雷珠单抗组。观察并比较两组患者术后手术成功率、眼压、术后抗青光眼用药的数目、术后最佳矫正视力、并发症、新生血管的消退和复发的情况。

结果：两组患者随访1a时,术后眼压、术后抗青光眼药物数目在所有随访时间点均较术前明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。相对贝伐单抗组,雷珠单抗组在术后眼压、抗青光眼用药数目、最佳矫正视力方面,无明显优势,差异无统计学意义。Kaplan-Meier生存曲线显示：在随访1a时,贝伐单抗组和雷珠单抗组手术总成功率分别为80.6%、79.3%,差异无统计学意义(P=0.896)。手术完全成功率方面,差异亦无统计学意义(P=0.753)。

结论：Ahmed青光眼房水引流阀植入联合玻璃体腔内注射贝伐单抗或雷珠单抗是治疗NVG安全有效的方法。然而,两种抗血管内皮生长因子药物联合Ahmed 青光眼房水引流阀植入术治疗NVG在有效性和安全性方面没有明显差异。     

抗VEGF药物治疗血管源性眼病的基础与临床研究进展

许多人类血管源性眼病均与血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)有关.近年来玻璃体腔注射抗VEGF药物治疗血管源性眼病逐渐应用于临床,就maeugen,hcentis和avastin三种抗VEGF药物的基础研究、临床应用进展及不良反应情况进行综述,从生物学特性、临床疗效及应用前景等方面分析比较三种药物的共同点与特异性.     

The economic implications of the use of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs in age-related macular degeneration

Age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) is the most common cause for visual impairment in the elderly in western countries. Recently several anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs like pegaptanib sodium (Macugen), ranibizumab (Lucentis) and bevacizumab (Avastin) are available for use in the management of wet ARMD. A major limitation of these drugs is that they require multiple intravitreal injections, every 4 to 6 weeks interval for a period of 2 years. Moreover, most of these drugs are too expensive for the general masses to afford in developing nations. Avastin, though used "off-label", offers a comparable result at affordable cost, however, long term results are awaited. The drug industry should review the entire pricing policy of these drugs in developing countries like India, and develop affordable alternative compounds. The article reviews the economic burden and affordability issues of these Anti-VEGF drugs in ARMD.     

雷珠单抗治疗视网膜中央静脉阻塞引起的眼前段新生血管

目的：探讨雷珠单抗治疗视网膜中央静脉阻塞（ central retinal vein occlusion , CRVO ）引起的眼前段新生血管（ anterior segment neovascularization ,ASNV）的疗效。方法：回顾性研究,选取2013－01／2014－12我院门诊及住院的因CRVO引起的ASNV并经过雷珠单抗玻璃体腔注射治疗的连续病例18例18眼。观察患者的最佳矫正视力、眼压、虹膜情况、房角镜检查等,随访时间6～13（平均9．1±2．9）mo。结果：患者18例18眼都接受了雷珠单抗治疗,15例15眼行视网膜光凝,3例3眼因玻璃体混浊仅行抗VEGF治疗,1例1眼行青光眼阀植入。其中6例6眼为仅有虹膜新生血管而没有眼压升高的患者,这6例6眼患者经过雷珠单抗联合全视网膜光凝（ panretinal photocoagulation ,PRP）后视力提高,眼压控制。已经伴有新生血管性青光眼的患者中,经过雷珠单抗及PRP治疗后,眼压可以控制者4例4眼;另有7例7眼眼压在雷珠单抗治疗后可以降低,但仍需药物控制;1例1眼药物控制不良者植入青光眼阀治疗,术后眼压控制,但视力较注射雷珠单抗前变差。所有患者的虹膜新生血管均可以消退。结论：雷珠单抗可以有效地使虹膜新生血管消退并对眼压控制有所帮助,在早期没有眼压升高的时候效果更好,提示要早期发现虹膜血管并尽早干预。