眼球突出病变的磁共振成像（附19例报告）

本文报告了１９例经临床治疗和／或手术病理证实的突眼疾病的ＭＲＩ表现，并与Ｂ超、ＣＴ检查进行对比分析。作者认为ＭＲＩ较ＣＴ和Ｂ超具有更高的软组织分辨力；在确定病变部位、范围和性质方面均具有优势。     

与Graves眼病有关的眼肌自身抗原抗体的分子免疫学研究

为探讨Ｇｒａｖｅｓ眼病（ＧＯ）的发病机理，我们对新近发现的眼肌自身抗原及存在于ＧＯ患者血清的眼肌抗体进行了研究。血清取自１８例正常人、１８例活动性ＧＯ、１０例无限征的Ｇｒａｖｅｓ甲亢（ＧＨ）和３例桥本甲状腺炎（ＨＴ）患者。人眼肌膜蛋白经ＧＯ患者混合ＩｇＧ亲和层析后进行ＳＤＳ－聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳，显示分子量为４５、２８、５５和６４ｋＤ等蛋白条带。经正常人混合ＩｇＧ亲和层析未能显示上述结果。Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ印迹杂交虽然未能证实仅与患者血清作用的独特的眼肌抗原的存在，但６４ｋＤ印迹存在于６１％的ＧＯ、３０％的ＧＨ、０％的ＨＴ患者，正常人仅２２％阳性。抗６４ｋＤ阳性率ＧＯ组明显高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。眼肌抗体（ＥＭＡｂ）特别是抗６４ｋＤ抗体对于ＧＯ发病机理的作用值得进一步研究。     

Technique for modified transantral orbital decompression for improved cosmesis in stable thyroid eye disease

Functional and aesthetic rehabilitation of exophthalmos in stable thyroid eye disease (TED) can be achieved with a variety of surgical approaches. This article illustrates modifications of the classic transantral technique to provide a graded orbital decompression and achieve improved cosmesis. A retrospective chart review was performed of stable TED patients who elected to undergo the modified transantral decompression; illustrative cases are described. This modified transantral orbital decompression allows for graded orbital decompression surgery, adding to the range of treatment options for stable TED patients.     

祛痰化瘀解毒散结法联合疏肝健脾汤治疗肝脾失调、痰瘀互结证甲亢突眼症临床研究

目的:观察祛痰化瘀解毒散结法联合辅以疏肝健脾汤治疗肝脾失调、痰瘀互结证甲亢突眼症的临床疗效。方法:选取弥漫性毒性甲状腺肿(GD)合并突眼症患者100例为研究对象,根据治疗药物不同分为对照组和观察组,每组50例。对照组使用常规激素治疗,观察组使用祛痰化瘀解毒散结法辅以疏肝健脾汤治疗,对比两组的治疗有效率,治疗前后中医症状积分变化、突眼度变化及抗体水平中TGAb、TPOAb变化,治疗期间不良反应发生情况。结果:观察组的治疗有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后3个月两组上睑下垂、眼球肿胀、神疲乏力、舌淡红、脉滑、胸闷纳呆等中医症状积分、突眼度、TGAb、TPOAb均有所改善,其中观察组均优于对照组,不良反应发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:祛痰化瘀解毒散结法辅以疏肝健脾汤治疗肝脾失调、痰瘀互结证甲亢突眼症临床疗效好,患者的临床症状体征明显改善,不良反应发生率低,安全性高。     

甲状腺功能亢进突眼征眼部血流动力学分析

突眼是甲状腺机能亢进的典型症状之一，探讨甲亢突眼征的眼部血流动力学变化的规律,通过采用超声对正常人和甲亢突眼征者的眼部血流分别进行监测，为甲亢突眼征的诊断和疗效评价指标提供有价值的参数，为甲亢突眼征的发病机制和眼部动脉血流动力学变化提供了合理的解释。甲状腺功能亢进突眼征视网膜中央动脉血流变化与球后生物学测值变化呈正相关，同时随时间的推移球后生物学测值变化。     

颈动脉海绵窦瘘的眼部表现与血管内治疗

目的：分析颈动脉海棉窦瘘的眼部临床特点，评价血管内治疗的效果。方法：回顾分析126例经全脑血管造影证实为颈动脉海绵窦瘘患的病史、眼部表现、临床特点及进行的可脱性球囊栓塞治疗。结果：手术1次性栓塞成功112例(88．9％)，14例行2次栓塞。术后无并发症。98例视力较术前提高1～4行(国际标准视力表)。术后眼部淤血肿胀、眼球突出度均明显减轻或消失，眼球运动恢复正常，复视消失，视网膜出血吸收。眼部血管杂音全部消失，术后脑血管造影，瘘口均封闭。结论：对于颈动脉海绵窦瘘应及时治疗，尽快改善眼部淤血状态，以利于视功能恢复。血管内栓塞是目前治疗颈动脉海绵窦瘘最为理想的方法。     

Results of transantral decompression in hyperthyroid exophthalmos

For the moment, transantral orbital decompression is the best procedure for the treatment of manifest exophthalmos because it is a simple and effective method with hardly any postoperative complications. If some ocular motility disturbances do not disappear spontaneously postoperatively, they can be treated successfully by muscle surgery.We found that the postoperative reduction of exophthalmos further improved during the first year with an average of 3 mm. For this reason, it is not advisable to section the infraorbital nerve in order to obtain a better immediate reduction.We are convinced that this operation is justified for some patients with a manifest exophthalmos for cosmetic reasons only. Good preoperative photographic documentation is necessary in each case.     

甲状腺机能亢进症517例临床分析

本文对517例甲状腺机能亢进症进行回顾性分析。结果提示:除甲肿及突眼外,多系统表现至少包括神经兴奋性增高、心悸、心动过速、代谢亢进;~(131)I吸收率及TT_3测定值对甲亢的诊断符合率达98.4％,较TT_4测定值灵敏。TT_3及TT_4同时测定不易漏诊;合理用抗甲状腺药物治疗者痊愈率达72％,欠合理者为44.4％(P<0.001)。以三周抑制试验结果判断病情是否痊愈作为停药指标,其价值尚难定论。     

静滴高渗脱水剂引起的眶压和眼球突出度变化

目的了解静滴高渗脱水剂后对眼球突出度和眶压的影响，确定眶压及眼球突出度测量在诊断治疗脱水时的价值。方法对86例单眼白内障需手术者，在静滴200g·L(-1)甘露醇前后进行非手术眼的眶压和眼球突出度测量。结果用药后0．5、2、3h眶压和眼球突出度均显著低于用药前。以用药后2h眶压和眼球突出度最低，与用药前比较，眶压下降0．67kPa（P＜0．01）。眼球突出度下降2．1mm（P＜0．01）。结论用高渗脱水剂可使眶内组织脱水，使眶压和眼球突出度降低，用直接接触式眶压计可同时检测出这种脱水引起的眶压和眼球突出度变化，为诊断治疗脱水提供依据。     

Corticosteroid-induced exophthalmos

We describe twenty-one patients on sustained corticosteroid therapy who presented with exophthalmos. Each patient received a complete ophthalmologic examination and further tests were conducted to rule out other causes of exophthalmos. Our data suggest that corticosteroid-induced exophthalmos is an entity more common than has been previously recognized.