Influences of simulated gastrointestinal environment on physicochemical properties of gold nanoparticles and their implications on intestinal epithelial permeability

Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) hold great promise in food, industrial and biomedical applications due to their unique physicochemical properties. However, influences of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), a likely route for Au NPs administration, on the physicochemical properties of Au NPs has been rarely evaluated. Here, we investigated the influence of GIT fluids on the physicochemical properties of Au NPs (5, 50, and 100?nm) and their implications on intestinal epithelial permeability in vitro. Au NPs aggregated in fasted gastric fluids and generated hydroxyl radicals in the presence of H₂O₂. Cell studies showed that GIT fluids incubation of Au NPs affected the cellular uptake of Au NPs but did not induce cytotoxicity or disturb the intestinal epithelial permeability.     

(-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate,reduces corneal damage secondary from experimental grade II alkali burns in mice

Background

Since recent reports have shown that (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) could be used for treating proliferative and inflammatory disorders, we explored its use for the management of corneal chemical burns.

Renal fibrosis and the origin of the renal fibroblast.

Many studies have determined that the extent of tubulointerstitialinvolvement, particularly fibrosis, correlates better with renalfunction than glomerular changes do, thus, the extent of tubulointerstitialdamage in any given renal biopsy has important implicationsfor the renal prognosis of the patient (summarized in [1]).Tubulointerstitial fibrosis is characterized by the accumulationof extracellular matrix components including collagen typesI, III, IV, proteoglycans and fibronectin. In recent years,much controversy has been created in the nephrology communityregarding the origin of matrix-producing cells in the kidney.Several possibilities exist, including activation of residentinterstitial fibroblasts, migrating haematopoietic or mesenchymalstem cells from the bone marrow, periadventitial cells and epithelial–mesenchymaltransition (EMT) of tubular epithelial cells. This review summarizesrecent data indicating the possible origin of matrix-producingcells in the kidney, and illustrates from a clinical point of     

骨外型牙源性钙化上皮瘤1例报告

牙源性钙化上皮瘤是一种良性肿瘤，也称Pindborg瘤，可分为骨内型和骨外型2种，主要发生于颌骨内，偶见于颌骨外。本文报告1例发生于口底的牙源性钙化上皮瘤，其临床症状与口底皮样囊肿相似．术后经组织病理学确诊，主要组织病理学特征是嗜酸性环状钙化团块。因其具有局部侵袭性，为避免复发，提倡完整切除肿物。     

复方积雪草有效组分对人肾小管上皮细胞补体C3表达的影响

目的：探讨复方积雪草有效组分——积雪草苷／大黄素干预肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）诱导的人肾近曲小管上皮细胞（HPTEC）补体C3 mRNA及蛋白的表达水平。方法：采用HPTEC，模型组TNF-α 10ng／ml诱导，治疗组在TNF-α诱导的同时，以不同浓度的积雪草苷、大黄素以及积雪草苷合大黄素进行干预，于24h后分别提取细胞RNA及上清，应用逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT—PCR）和酶链免疫方法（ELISA）分别检测HPTEC C3 mRNA和蛋白的表达。结果：正常HPTEC具有C3 mRNA和蛋白表达，经TNF-α诱导后G表达明显上调，用不同浓度的积雪草苷、大黄素以及积雪草苷合大黄素干预后，C3 mRNA及蛋白水平表达出现不同程度的下调，呈一定的剂量依赖关系和协同作用。结论：复方积雪草有效组分能够抑制炎性细胞因子TNF-α上调所致的肾局部G过度产生。     

重组大鼠肝再生增强因子对急性肾衰竭大鼠肾脏的保护作用

目的 探讨重组大鼠肝再生增强因子(rrALR)对庆大霉素所致急性肾衰竭（ARF）大鼠肾小管上皮细胞及肾功能的保护作用。 方法 雌性Wistar大鼠150只，随机分成5组，每组30只，即健康对照组，ARF模型组，模型+空质粒对照组（空质粒组），模型+rrALR干预组（ALR组）：根据给予rrALR的剂量不同分为ALR1组和ALR2组两个亚组。分别于实验的第4、8、12、16和21天每组随机抽取6只大鼠在留取血、尿标本后，处死大鼠并取肾组织标本。常规生化方法检测各组大鼠BUN、Scr和尿N-乙酰-β-D-葡萄糖苷酶（NAG）酶的变化；PAS染色观察各组大鼠肾组织病理学改变；免疫组化法检测大鼠肾组织中ALR和增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）的表达；Western印迹法检测肾组织中ALR蛋白的表达量。 结果 ARF大鼠各组BUN、Scr及尿NAG酶水平在第4、8、12、16天时均较对照组显著升高（P < 0.05）。与模型组和空质粒组相比，ALR组BUN、Scr及尿NAG酶水平明显降低（P < 0.05）；肾组织病理损害程度在各时间点明显减轻；而肾组织的ALR蛋白表达增加（P < 0.05）；肾小管上皮细胞增殖活跃；PCNA阳性细胞呈弥漫性分布，增殖指数（PI）明显升高（P < 0.05）。 结论 rrALR对急性损伤的肾小管上皮细胞具有减轻病变和促进再生修复的作用，可明显改善ARF大鼠的肾功能。