双侧内囊前肢毁损术治疗难治性强迫症疗效及随访研究

目的　对难治性强迫症进行双侧内囊前肢毁损术治疗 ,评定手术疗效并进行 2年随访 ,以进一步探索脑外科手术对难治性强迫症的疗效 ,并探讨手术治疗的良好适应症。方法　对 2 8例难治性强迫症患者进行双侧内囊前肢毁损术治疗 ,并分别在手术前、手术后二周、手术后三月、手术后六月、手术后一年、手术后二年进行Y BOCS、HAMA、HAMD量表评定及术后疗效评定。结果　 (1)强迫症患者手术后各期Y BOCS评分、HAMA评分与手术前比较均下降 ,有极显著差异 (P <0 .0 0 1) ;(2 )手术后各期Y BOCS的强迫思维评分均有明显下降 (P <0 .0 0 1) ,强迫行为在手术后 1年和 2年 ,与手术前比较无明显改变 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;(3)手术后 2年的总有效率为 5 3.5 % ,明显低于手术后 3月的总有效率 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　采用双侧内囊毁损术有相当的治疗效果 ,对于难治性强迫症患者可作为一种补充治疗手段 ;手术治疗对强迫行为的长期疗效较差 ,以严重的强迫思维为主的难治性强迫症患者为手术更好的适应症。     

Neuropsychological correlates of intractable anxiety disorder before and after capsulotomy

A comprehensive neuropsychological test battery was administered to 10 consecutive patients undergoing neurosurgical intervention, capsulotomy, as a last resort treatment for chronic, incapacitating, and otherwise intractable illness, either obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD; n= 5) or non-OCD anxiety disorder (n= 5). The aim was to study the neuropsychology of severe anxiety disorders before and after a defined neurosurgical intersection of connections between the frontal lobes and related brain regions. Although extremely disabled by their illness before surgery, the patients performed within the normal range on most tests. After capsulotomy, there was significant improvement on measures of clinical morbidity and of psychosocial functioning, and the general neuropsychological performance remained remarkably intact. In a subgroup of 5 patients, however, perseverative responses were more common postoperatively, possibly indicating dysfunction of systems involving the frontal lobes. Although admittedly sparse, these data can be interpreted as suggesting that in vulnerable individuals, capsulotomy may give rise to increased perseverative behaviour in the laboratory, and possibly in the real world as well. This risk must be weighed against the potential clinical benefit of capsulotomy in this extremely disabled, sometimes suicidal patient population.     

高频透热撕囊法在白内障手术中的应用

目的:评价在白内障手术中使用高频透热撕囊仪作连续环形撕囊的效果。方法:在30例(34眼)患者进行白内障囊外摘出联合后房型人工晶体植入术中,先向前房注入透明质酸钠,然后使用高频透热撕囊仪作晶体连续环形撕囊术。结果:有3眼术中出现小的晶体前囊放射状撕裂,所有病例术后角膜无水肿,无其他术后合并症,术后一周31眼矫正视力≥0.5,占91.2％。结论:此法操作简便,易于掌握,是一个安全有效的连续环形撕囊的方法。尤其适用于过熟期白内障,儿童先天性白内障和外伤性白内障的截囊。眼科学报1999;15:121—123。     

The ONG capsular lens,report of 100 implantations

This Capsular Lens (ONG, type IV, to be called O.C.L.) has been developed for routinely performed extracapsular cataract extraction with lens implantation. The fundamental surgical procedure was based on continuing experience with the bimanual aspiration-irrigation technique and system developed by the author in 1971. The biomechanical properties of the asymmetric partly flexible, haptic loops are designed to give tensionfree fixation in two capsular pockets. The plano-anterior position of the lens ensures well-defined irido-lenticular clearance and proper alignment of the convex side with the posterior capsule. Consequently no iridectomy or iridotomy is needed for proper aqueous flow.     

2mm直径Nd:YAG激光后囊膜切开术的视野变化

目的观察2mm直径后囊膜切开术后的视野变化并分析其相关因素。方法20例后囊膜Ⅱ级混浊患者行NdYAG激光2mm直径后囊膜切开术,术后90d计算机静态视野检查,行同样白内障术后后囊膜透明组21例检查视野。结果2mm后囊膜组中心30°及周边60°视野结果,平均偏差(MD)(-8.65±3.96)、模式标准差PSD(5.71±2.60)、中心10°总光敏感度(289.30±43.63)dB、周边60°总光敏感度(558.20±197.27)dB、后囊膜透明组MD(-2.93±3.10)、PSD(2.38±1.46)、中心10°总光敏感度(341.55±42.90)dB、周边60°总光敏感度(992.00±256.05)dB。经单因素方差分析两组的MD、PSD、中心10°及周边60°总光敏感度差异有显著性意义(P<0.01)。结论2mm直径后囊膜切开孔会引起视网膜平均光敏感度的下降,并伴视岛的部分明显压陷。     

不同截囊方式所致晶状体后囊破裂的比较

目的　比较开罐式截囊与连续环形撕囊术中后囊破裂的原因和发生率。方法　将作者 4年来手术的 13 3眼白内障按时间顺序分为A组和B组。A组行开罐式截囊 ;B组行连续环形撕囊 ,其它步骤相同。分别统计后囊破裂的例数和原因。结果　后囊破裂共 14眼 ,其中A组 10眼 ,发生率 10 75 % ;B组 4眼 ,发生率 10 0 0 %。两组发生率的差异无显著意义 ( χ2=0 0 16,P >0 5 0 )。结论　后囊破裂与截囊方式无关。     

舌状截囊方法在过熟期白内障囊外摘除联合人工晶状体植入术中的应用

目的：探讨舌状截囊方法在过熟期白内障囊外摘除联合人工晶状体植入术的临床效果。

方法：对380 眼过熟期白内障囊外摘除联合人工晶状体植入术中采用舌状截囊方法,术后观察及随访其疗效。

结果：所有患眼术后视力均有不同程度提高, 视力恢复情况：术后1d,0.1以下85眼(22.4%),0.1～0.3者162眼(42.6%),0.4～0.6者87眼(22.9%),0.6以上者46眼(12.1%)。术后1mo 0.1以下33眼(8.7%),0.1～0.3者152眼(40.0%),0.4～0.6者117眼(30.8%),0.6以上者78眼(20.5%)。术中术后并发症：术中悬韧带断离16眼(4.2%),后囊膜破裂25眼(6.6%), 角膜水肿53眼(13.9%),人工晶状体偏位12眼(3.2%)。

结论：舌状截囊方法容易掌握,手术的安全性更好,更适合在援非过熟期白内障囊外摘除联合人工晶状体植入术中的应用。     

虹膜纹理引导的飞秒激光囊膜标记法在Toric IOL植入中的应用

目的:对比飞秒激光囊膜标记(FLACM)法与裂隙灯下手工标记(SAMM)法的Toric IOL轴位准确性和术后效果。方法:将拟行白内障超声乳化联合Toric IOL植入术的患者分为两组,分别采用FLACM法(25例25眼,FLACM组)与SAMM法(25例25眼,SAMM组)对散光轴位进行标记。评估比较术后两组患者裸眼远视力(UCDVA)、最佳矫正远视力(BCDVA)、残余散光(RA)、IOL轴位偏离度、总调制传递函数(MTF Total)。结果:术后1mo,FLACM组UCDVA(LogMAR)显著优于SAMM组(0.15±0.09 vs 0.22±0.11,P<0.05);FLACM组术后RA和IOL轴位偏离度均显著低于SAMM组(0.30±0.18D vs 0.64±0.28D,P<0.05;3.64°±1.68°vs 5.40°±3.44°,P<0.05);两组BCDVA和MTF Total均无差异(P>0.05)。术后UCDVA(LogMAR)与RA(r=0.350,P<0.05)、IOL轴位偏离度(r=0.369,P<0.05)呈正相关,与MTF Total值呈负相关(r=-0.290,P<0.05);术后RA与IOL旋转度呈正相关(r=0.431,P<0.05)。结论:FLACM法标记的Toric IOL轴位比SAMM法更加精确,从而获得更好的散光矫正效果和术后视力。     

Nd－YAG激光治疗后发障后高眼压分析

观察６０例以Ｎｄ－ＹＡＧ激光切开后发障术后急性高眼压患者。结果显示，激光术后ｌｈ眼压升高，３ｂ达高峰，２４ｈ大多数恢复正常。眼压升高程度与激光能量大小、射次，膜混浊程度及前房碎屑无明显相关。激光光波引起的色素膜反应可能是眼压急性升高的原因之一。     

小切口无缝线非超声乳化白内障囊袋内摘除人工晶体植入术的临床应用

目的探讨小切口无缝线非超声乳化白内障囊袋内摘除人工晶体植入术的临床疗效。方法对118例126只眼实施了6mm左右"一"字形巩膜隧道式小切口无缝线非超声乳化白内障囊袋内摘除术,植入后房型人工晶体。结果术后3天视力高于0.5者占61.3%,最佳视力达1.2。结论小切口无缝线非超声乳化白内障囊袋内摘除人工晶体植入术是一种疗效好,设备简单,容易掌握的好方法,适应症广。