两例 SMILE 术中特殊情况更改 SBK 手术的疗效观察

目的：通过对同一患者双眼不同手术方式的自身对比，了解飞秒扫描后改SBK手术的疗效差异，为不同患者屈光手术方式的选择提供临床指导依据。方法回顾分析2例右眼行飞秒激光小切口透镜取出术（ SMILE），左眼SMILE术中负压环脱失和激光扫描不良透镜分离困难而改行机械刀制瓣准分子激光手术（ SBK）的患者，比较术后视力、等效球镜（ SE）、对比敏感度（ CSF）、波前像差（ HAOS）以及泪膜破裂时间（ BUT）、泪液分泌功能试验（ Schimer I）和SPEED、OSDI干眼症状问卷调查分析差异。结果（1）术后个月，均能达到最佳矫正视力（BSCVA），等效球镜均在±0．75 D以内，双眼比较无显著性差异。（2）CSF的比较，左右眼无显著性差异，略低于正常水平。（3）术后3个月，BUT和Schimer检查中，双眼无显著性差异。（4）HAOS比较中，总像差RMS和高阶像差这两项， SMILE眼低于SBK眼；球差（S）的比较，SMILE眼高于SBK眼。（5）SPEED和OSDI问卷评分双眼无显著差异。结论 SMILE失败眼改SBK后视觉质量与SMILE眼无显著差异，其视觉质量、疗效不受影响。     

聚偏氟乙烯支撑液膜萃取乳酸

采用聚偏氟乙烯固体微孔膜,与溶解在煤油中的三烷基氧磷组成支撑液膜(SLM),分离稀水溶液中的乳酸。考察了pH值、料液浓度、载体浓度、温度、料液及解析液流量对传质速率的影响。同时进行了膜稳定性的定性研究。发现乳酸以分子形式通过SLM;载体浓度为40%时传质速率最大;SLM对乳酸的通量与稀水溶液中乳酸浓度成正比。料液和解析液预先用有机相饱和时,膜的稳定性可大大改善。     

Glucose preferences in wild and domestic guinea pigs

Male wild (Cavia aperea) and domestic (C. porcellus) guinea pigs were tested in two-bottle choice tests for preferences between glucose solutions of different concentrations and de-ionized water. Wild males showed significant preferences for concentrations between 0.025 and 0.4 M glucose while domestic males preferred only the 0.2 M glucose solution to de-ionized water. C. aperea males also consumed significantly greater volumes of liquid per kg body $\text{wt.}{}^{\mathrm{<mtext>3</mtext><mtext>4</mtext>}}$ during the glucose tests than did the C. porcellus males. These comparative results contrast sharply with those obtained by other authors with wild and domestic Norway rats.     

Propylene Polymerization Behavior of Fluorinated Bis(phenoxy‐imine) Ti Complexes with an MgCl2‐Based Compound (MgCl2‐Supported Ti‐Based Catalysts)

Summary: Fluorinated bis(phenoxy‐imine)Ti complexes 1 – 3 combined with MgCl₂/i‐Bu_nAl(OR)_3−n (MgCl₂‐supported catalysts) were able to polymerize propylene in a living fashion at room temperature to provide slightly to highly syndiotactic poly(propylenes) (PPs) with extremely narrow distributions of molecular weight. These represent the first examples of MAO‐ and borate‐free group 4 metal‐based living catalysts. The supported complexes 2 and 3 formed PPs with higher syndiotacticity and T_m's than the corresponding homogeneous MAO‐activation systems (e.g., 3 : rr 97%, T_m 155 °C; MAO activation: rr 93%, T_m 152 °C). The measured T_m of 155 °C represents the highest known T_m for syndiotactic PPs synthesized at room temperature.

Polymerization of propylene to poly(propylene) with supported Ti‐based catalysts.     

Employing Empirically Supported Treatments: A Research-Informed Clinical Practitioner Perspective

Ruscio and Holohan (2006 ) offer many excellent ideas for improving research on empirically supported treatments (ESTs) applied to complex cases. They hope that, as more empirical findings are accumulated, clinical practitioners will be more willing to use ESTs in their clinical work with such patients. This commentary suggests additional research strategies that are necessary to acquire information more useful and relevant to clinical practitioners. These include (a) integrating information from research on empirically supported relationship factors with findings from EST outcome research, (b) studying longer term therapies attempting to address issues beyond the symptoms of diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM)-defined disorders, and (c) investigating the efficacy and effectiveness of integrative forms of psychotherapy. The author's successes and difficulties of incorporating ESTs in his integrative therapy for anxiety disorders are highlighted.     

角膜波前像差引导的TransPRK和常规TransPRK矫正中度近视的疗效比较

目的 比较角膜波前像差引导(WFG)的经上皮准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术(TransPRK)和常规TransPRK矫正中度近视的疗效差异。方法 回顾性分析2021年1～12月在安徽省第二人民医院接受双眼TransPRK治疗的60例中度近视患者临床资料,根据是否采用WFG,分为WFG-TransPRK组(30例,60眼)和TransPRK组(30例,60眼)。在术前和术后6个月时,测量两组患者视力、屈光度、角膜高阶像差和中央角膜厚度等变量,记录两组患者术后6个月内的并发症发生情况,计算两组疗效指数和安全指数,并进行比较。结果 术前,两组等效球镜度、中央角膜厚度和角膜高阶像差比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。TransPRK组手术前后总高阶相差和球差升幅高于WFG-TransPRK组(P<0.05),两组手术前后等效球镜度升幅、中央角膜厚度降幅比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。随访6个月,两组疗效指数(t=1.913)、安全指数(t=0.775)和并发症发生率(χ²=0.162)比较,差异均无统计学意义(P=0.061、0.442、0....     

A new approach to the study of ocular chromatic aberrations

We measured the ocular wavefront aberration at six different visible wavelengths (between 450 and 650 nm) in three subjects, using a spatially resolved refractometer. In this technique, the angular deviation of light rays entering the pupil at different locations is measured with respect to a target viewed through a centered pupil. Fits of the data at each wavelength to Zernike polynomials were used to estimate the change of defocus with wavelength (longitudinal chromatic aberration, LCA) and the wavelength-dependence of the ocular aberrations. Measured LCA was in good agreement with the literature. In most cases the wavefront aberration increased slightly with wavelength. The angular deviations from the reference stimulus measured using a magenta filter allowed us to estimate the achromatic axis and both optical and perceived transverse chromatic aberration (TCA), (including the effect of aberrations and Stiles-Crawford effect). The amount of TCA varied markedly across subjects, and between eyes of the same subject. Finally, we used the results from these experiments to compute the image quality of the eye in polychromatic light.     

Facile synthesis of Nα‐protected‐l‐α,γ‐diaminobutyric acids mediated by polymer‐supported hypervalent iodine reagent in water

Abstract: Hofmann rearrangement of N^α‐Boc‐l ‐Gln‐OH mediated by a polymer‐supported hypervalent iodine reagent poly[(4‐diacetoxyiodo)styrene] (PSDIB) in water afforded N^α‐Boc‐l ‐α,γ‐diaminobutyric acid (Boc‐Dab‐OH, 1 ) in 87% yield. N^α‐Z‐derivative (Z‐Dab‐OH, 2 ) was prepared with PSDIB in 83% yield. Since the reaction of N^α‐Fmoc‐Gln‐OH by this procedure did not proceed because of the insolubility of Fmoc‐Gln‐OH in aqueous media, we synthesized Fmoc‐Dab(Boc)‐OH ( 5 ) from 2 in 54% yield. Polymyxin B heptapeptide (PMBH) which contains four Dab residues was successfully synthesized in a solution‐phase synthesis.     

Contextual risk and parental attributions of children's behavior as factors that influence the acceptability of empirically supported treatments

This study examined the acceptability of several empirically supported treatments (child social skills training, parent training and medication) within a sample of low-income African American mothers of a preschooler exhibiting significant disruptive behavior. Contextual risk and causal and responsibility attributions were predicted to be associated with treatment acceptability. Eighty-seven participants completed an attributional-style measure of child misbehavior and considered hypothetically the acceptability of several empirically supported treatments. Social skills and parent training were highly accepted, while medication was not. Greater causal attributions (child's behavior viewed as global, stable and due to something within the child) were associated with higher acceptability of social skills training. The relationship between attributions and medication was moderated by risk. In the context of high risk, lower causal attributions were associated with higher acceptability of medication whereas in the context of low risk, lower causal attributions were associated with lower acceptability of medication. In contrast, in the context of high risk, higher responsibility attributions (child's behavior viewed as purposeful, selfish and deserving of blame) were associated with greater acceptability of medication, while in the context of low risk, higher responsibility attributions were associated with lower acceptability of medication. Implications for future research and the implementation of empirically supported treatments within communities of color and those with economic disadvantage are discussed.