Intraoperative characteristics of the posterior vitreous cortex in patients with epiretinal membrane

Background The aim of the study was to investigate the intraoperative characteristics of the posterior vitreous cortex in patients with epiretinal membranes. Method Fifteen eyes of 15 patients with an idiopathic epiretinal membrane that had no posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) on both slit-lamp biomicroscopy and B-scan ultrasound examination were enrolled in this study. During vitrectomy, the relationship between the posterior vitreous cortex and the epiretinal membrane was observed when PVD was created using triamcinolone acetonide. Results Three patterns were observed: (A) seven eyes (47%) showed a round defect in the posterior vitreous cortex after surgical PVD, leaving an epiretinal membrane on the macula, (B) three eyes (20%) showed a complete detachment of the vitreous cortex along with the epiretinal membrane, and (C) five eyes (33%) showed a detachment of the posterior vitreous cortex without a round defect, leaving an epiretinal membrane on the macula. Four of five eyes in group C had a discrete linear signal over the macular area on optical coherence tomography before surgery. Conclusion The finding that during surgery the posterior vitreous cortex can split into lamellae supports the hypothesis that epiretinal membranes are the result of anomalous PVD with vitreoschisis, leaving the outermost layer of posterior vitreous cortex attached to the macula. The authors have no proprietary interests in any of the material used in this study.     

Anatomical findings of vitreoretinal interface in eyes with asteroid hyalosis

Purpose  To investigate the anatomical features of vitreoretinal interface in eyes with asteroid hyalosis (AH) with optical coherence tomography (OCT) and intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (TA) during vitreous surgery. Methods  This study was an interventional clinical case series. Records relating to ten eyes from ten patients who underwent a TA-assisted vitrectomy for the treatment of diverse vitreoretinal diseases complicated with AH. The posterior vitreoretinal interface was examined by preoperative OCT and by intraoperative visualization of posterior vitreous cortex utilizing TA. Results  In eight of ten AH eyes, preoperative OCT revealed abnormal vitreoretinal adhesions. In four of these eight eyes, posterior vitreoschisis could be seen on OCT. In the other four of these eight eyes, a clear no posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) pattern could be seen on OCT. Although posterior vitreous cortex could not be clearly identified with preoperative OCT in two of ten AH eyes, a complete PVD was refuted by intraoperative visualization of the posterior vitreous cortex with TA identical to the other eight eyes. Conclusion  These results indicate that complete PVD appears to be unlikely to occur in eyes with AH. In addition, spontaneous PVD in eyes with AH might lead to vitreoschisis or residual whole layer or posterior vitreous cortex, possibly due to anomalous vitreoretinal adhesion.     

玻璃体积血与玻璃体劈裂

目的：观察玻璃体积血后玻璃体的形态变化及玻璃体劈裂的影像特征。探讨玻璃体劈裂形成的机制及术前认识玻璃体劈裂的意义。方法：总结玻璃体积血88例(97只眼)，其中增殖性糖尿病性视网膜病变(PDR)32例38只眼：视网膜血管炎28例30只眼；视网膜静脉阻塞28例29只眼。术前进行B型超声波检查，部分进行彩色超声多普勒检查，将超声图像与玻璃体切除术中所见相对比。结果：PDR组玻璃体劈裂发生率为18／38(47．4％)，视网膜血管炎组为10／30(33％)，视网膜静脉阻塞组为4／29(13．8％)。结论：不同原因所致的玻璃体积血均可能发生玻璃体劈裂，对玻璃体劈裂的认识有助于成功完成玻璃体切除术和减少术后并发症。     

玻璃体积血的形态结构与玻璃体后脱离的图像特征

目的探讨玻璃体积血的形态结构和治疗特点.方法对74例(79只眼)增生性糖尿病视网膜病变、视网膜血管炎、视网膜静脉阻塞所致玻璃体积血的临床资料进行比较分析.术前超声检查、术中手术显微镜观察患者的玻璃体形态特点,分析玻璃体与视网膜的关系.结果所有患者均有不同程度的玻璃体后脱离,根据图像的形态特征可归纳为完全后脱离和部分后脱离两种.部分后脱离又分为"V"型、"L"型及后部玻璃体劈裂型,劈裂型多见于视网膜缺血性疾病的增生期.结论了解和掌握玻璃体后脱离及玻璃体劈裂的形态特点,可提高手术治疗的成功率并改善其预后.