同轴微切口与传统小切口超声乳化术的临床疗效及术后并发症对比分析

目的　比较1.8 mm同轴微切口超声乳化术与传统同轴3.0 mm小切口超声乳化术的临床疗效及术后并发症。方法　收集2015年5月至10月北京同仁医院北京同仁眼科中心收治的老年性白内障患者48例（48眼），将患者分为微切口组和小切口组。微切口组主切口长1.8 mm，前房内注入透明质酸钠，行直径约为5.0 mm的中央连续环形撕囊，水分离后用劈核钩劈核，扭动模式超声乳化吸出术，自动灌注系统吸出残留皮质。小切口组角膜主切口大小为3.0 mm，术中植入常规折叠式人工晶状体。术后行裂隙灯、眼底镜以及角膜地形图检查，电脑验光检查患者最佳矫正视力。结果　术后1周、1个月、3个月两组患者最佳矫正视力比较，差异均无统计学意义（均为P>0.05）。术后1个月和3个月两组间手术源性散光比较，微切口组均明显低于小切口组，差异均有统计学意义（均为P<0.01）。在微切口组组内术后1个月和3个月手术源性散光无明显差异（P>0.05），微切口组手术源性散光在术后1个月保持稳定。在小切口组组内术后3个月手术源性散光明显低于术后1个月 （P<0.01）。微切口组术前角膜厚度为（567±27）μm，小切口组为（564±25）μm，两组差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；术后1个月与3个月两组间角膜厚度变化差异亦均无统计学意义（均为P>0.05）。在随访期间两组患者均未发生后发性白内障。结论　1.8 mm同轴微切口白内障超声乳化吸出术安全可靠，术后散光恢复快，可有效减少术后角膜手术源性散光。     

Aspart与正规人胰岛素应用胰岛素泵控制血糖的疗效比较

选择21例应用预混人胰岛素Novolin 30R治疗血糖控制欠佳的1型和2型糖尿病患者，用胰岛素泵交叉应用相同剂量的速效人胰岛素类似物Aspart与正规人胰岛素NovolinR控制高血糖，比较两种药物应用期间全天毛细血管血糖谱，发现Aspart在控制空腹血糖、餐后血糖及全天平均血糖均较后者疗效为佳。     

基于人文理念的护理质量例会实践与体会

建立以人文理念为核心的护理质量分析例会制度，每月召开门诊护士长、护士组长、护士代表例会，分析、讲评门诊护理服务中存在的问题，并提出改进方案，持续改进门诊护理服务质量。     

Modified Scleral Flap Incision to Reduce Corneal Astigmatism after Intraocular Lens Implantation

To investigate a simple method during extracapsular cataract extraction with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation in order to reduce surgically induced corneal astigmatism.Methods: A modified scleral flap incision was used in the extracapsular cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation and the postoperative changes in conreal astigmatism was observed.Results: The peak value of postoperative corneal astigmatism was 3. 60 D, and the corneal astigmatism regression was 2. 11 D, surgically induced astigmatism was less significant in modified scleral flap incision group than that in conventional limbal incison group (P<0. 05).Conclusions: The modified scleral flap incision is an ideal incision for cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation when phacoemulsifier is not available. Eye Science 1995; 11-. 136-139.     

RGPCL矫正60例中低度近视的初步观察

目的评价高透氧性硬性角膜接触镜(RGPCL)矫正控制中低度近视屈光不正的效果。方法采用RGPCL矫正120眼中低度近视性屈光不正,统计矫正后当天、1年时近视屈光度、散光度的变化。结果观察组的近视度和散光度随戴镜时间延长相对稳定。结论RGPCL对中低近视的度数控制有效。     

同一经穴左右主治不同初探

根据有关文献记载,从穴位与内部脏器相应的认识出发,列举古今临床上区别应用的实例,及近代应用穴位诊断疾病方面的资料,提出位于胸腹腰背部的左右同名经穴由于相应内部脏器不同,主治病症也不完全相同,因而临床应区别使用的见解。     

Proximity factor in image size magnification for optical instruments in general

A general expression is derived for the proximity factor in near image size magnification for an arbitrary instrument in front of an arbitrary eye. The proximity factor is a 2 x 2 matrix. The instrument and eye may be astigmatic and have decentred elements. The image on the retina may be blurred or not. The analysis is exact within the limitations of linear optics. The general results are specialized for the case of a stigmatic instrument and a stigmatic eye. The results are applied to the case of a thick, possibly bitoric, spectacle lens. The Appendix treats two numerical examples.     

Contact lens fitting following corneal graft surgery

Contact lens fitting may be required following keratoplasty for either optical or thera‐peutic reasons. Optical indications for contact lens fitting include the correction of irregular astigmatism, high regular astigmatism, anisometropia and secondary aniseikonia, as well as simple ametropia, where the patient desires to wear contact lenses in preference to spectacles. Therapeutic lenses are not routinely fitted following kerate plasty, although this management is advised in certain cases, such as when there are protruding sutures or epithelial healing is impaired. Designing a contact lens for a patient who has undergone keratoplasty will require the practitioner to carefully assess all the relevant features of the corneal graft. In this regard, there are many factors that need to be considered including the diameter of the graft zone, the topographical relationship between the host cornea and donor cornea, the corneal (graft) toricity and the location of the graft. Special designs, such as reverse geometry lenses, or more complex contact lens modalities, such as piggyback contact lens systems, may be required to achieve success in fitting.     

我国科技期刊封面特点及问题建议——以中国科学院主管主办科技期刊为例

【目的】 总结中国科学院主管主办科技期刊的封面特点,以促进我国科技期刊通过期刊封面增强内容传播与品牌建设。【方法】 对中国科学院主管主办的341种科技期刊封面按期更换比例、期刊封面的演进与美学特点进行调研和分析。【结果】 按期更换封面的科技期刊比例有所提升、演进速度明显加快、美感明显提升,版式表现出学科特点。同时,按期更换封面的期刊比例仍然偏低,封面规范性、美感、网络传播能力仍需加强,相关管理规范也存在滞后性。【结论】 我国科技期刊需要进一步提升封面的规范性与美感,增强在线与多媒体衍生品的创作与传播,管理部门也要与时俱进地改进管理规范,充分发挥期刊封面在学术成果传播中的重要价值。