三七粉末透皮吸收研究

目的 :研究三七粉末的透皮吸收性及选择最佳促透剂。方法 :设计体外离体透皮试验法 (即用离体鼠皮在单室扩散池中进行试验 ) ,测定不同时间三七粉末中有关成分的透皮总量 (以三七皂苷为对照 ) ,计算透皮吸收率及促透剂的促透倍数。结果 :三七粉末的丙二醇溶液有一定透皮吸收能力 ,不同浓度的氮酮 (Azone)对其具有显著的促透作用 ,但Azone的促透效果与其剂量不呈直线关系 ,5 %Azone效果好于 7%Azone。结论 :本方法简便、易于操作、重现性较好 ,可用于制剂工艺研究中促透剂的选择     

MRI顺磁性造影剂增强及护理

目的 :进一步探讨 MRI增强前后的准备与护理方法。材料与方法 :共增强 833例 ,男 5 85例 ,女 2 4 8例。使用顺磁性造影剂 Gd- DTPA,按 0 .2 m L/kg体重给药。其中双倍量增强 110例 ,增强前认真履行告知义务和签署同意书。发生造影剂外漏者给予鲜马铃薯片外敷。结果 :增强效果达良好以上共 82 5例 ,占 99% ,未发生严重负反应。 3例造影剂外漏 ,鲜马铃薯片外敷后 3h痊愈。结论 :增强前充分细致的准备是保证增强效果的重要因素。认真履行告知义务和签置同意书 ,不仅尊重了病人的权利 ,也是依法行医 ,保证医疗安全的需要     

Effects of L-DOPA and L-5-HTP on the visual evoked response

Small doses (10 and 20 mg/kg) of L-DOPA inhibited the amplitude of the visual evoked response (VER), while large doses (40 and 80 mg/kg) enhanced it. Though low doses (12.5 and 25 mg/kg) of L-5-HTP caused a slight increase in amplitude of the VER, the simultaneous administration of 12.5 mg/kg of L-5-HTP and 10 mg/kg of L-DOPA produced a marked enhancement. The peak latency was prolonged after the injection of any doses of L-DOPA, L-5-HTP, or both.     

DE-CMR在主动脉关闭不全患者手术预后评估中的应用分析

目的探讨造影剂延迟增强心脏磁共振成像(DE-CMR)在主动脉关闭不全(AI)患者手术预后评估中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析行手术治疗的AI患者48例病例资料,根据术前DE-CMR检查是否出现钆对比延迟增强分为增强组和非增强组,比较两组患者的资料特征,随访至2017年3月记录不良预后发生情况,并分析不良预后的预测因子。结果 48例患者中,钆剂延迟增强患者17例(35.42%),非钆剂延迟增强患者31例(64.48%);两组患者性别、年龄、高血压、糖尿病、术前心功能分级比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05),增强组术前LVESD、LVEDD、左心房前后径、左心室最大横径均大于非增强组,(P0.05),随访期间室性心律失常、心功能进展为Ⅲ-Ⅳ级、死亡的几率分别为23.52%、35.29%、29.41%高于非增强组的3.23%、9.68%、6.45%(P0.05);Cox比例风险模型分析显示LVEDD、LVESD、左心房前后径是AI术后不良预后的独立预测因子。结论 DE-CMR诊断AI可提供更加全面的影像学资料,其中钆对比剂延迟增强识别的心肌纤维化可预测不良预后。     

Virtual chromoendoscopy in small bowel capsule endoscopy: New light or a cast of shadow?

AIM: To evaluate whether virtual chromoendoscopy can improve the delineation of small bowel lesions previously detected by conventional white light small bowel capsule endoscopy(SBCE). METHODS: Retrospective single center study. One hundred lesions selected from forty-nine consecutive conventional white light SBCE(SBCE-WL) examinations were included. Lesions were reviewed at three Flexible Spectral Imaging Color Enhancement(FICE) settings and Blue Filter(BF) by two gastroenterologists with ex-perience in SBCE, blinded to each other's findings, whoranked the quality of delineation as better, equivalent or worse than conventional SBCE-WL. Inter-observer percentage of agreement was determined and analyzed with Fleiss Kappa(k) coefficient. Lesions selected for the study included angioectasias(n = 39), ulcers/ero-sions(n = 49) and villous edema/atrophy(n = 12). RESULTS: Overall, the delineation of lesions was im-proved in 77% of cases with FICE 1, 74% with FICE 2, 41% with FICE 3 and 39% with the BF, with a percent-age of agreement between investigators of 89%(k = 0.833), 85%(k = 0.764), 66%(k = 0.486) and 79%(k = 0.593), respectively. FICE 1 improved the delineation of 97.4% of angioectasias, 63.3% of ulcers/erosions and 66.7% of villous edema/atrophy with a percentage of agreement of 97.4%(k = 0.910), 81.6%(k = 0.714) and 91.7%(k = 0.815), respectively. FICE 2 improved the delineation of 97.4% of angioectasias, 57.1% of ulcers/erosions and 66.7% of villous edema/atrophy, with a percentage of agreement of 89.7%(k = 0.802), 79,6%(k = 0.703) and 91.7%(k = 0.815), respectively. FICE 3 improved the delineation of 46.2% of angioecta-sias, 24.5% of ulcers/erosions and none of the cases of villous edema/atrophy, with a percentage of agreement of 53.8% [k = not available(NA)], 75.5%(k = NA) and 66.7%(k = 0.304), respectively. The BF improved the delineation of 15.4% of angioectasias, 61.2% of ulcers/erosions and 25% of villous edema/atrophy, with a per-centage of agreement of 76.9%(k = 0.558), 81.6%(k = 0.570) and 25.0%(k = NA), respectively.CONCLUSION: Virtual chromoendoscopy can improve the delineation of angioectasias, ulcers/erosions and villous edema/atrophy detected by SBCE, with almost perfect interobserver agreement for FICE 1.     

84例肾细胞癌患者MSCT检查的图像分析及相关生物学行为评价

目的分析肾细胞癌患者多层螺旋CT(MSCT)检查的图像及相关生物学行为。方法选取2015年6月~2018年11月我院肾细胞癌患者84例,患者均采取MSCT检查,并行手术治疗,在术中取肾细胞癌组织和相应癌旁正常肾组织标本,以免疫组织化学SP法检测患者肾细胞癌组织和癌旁正常肾组织中Ki-67、缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)表达情况,并观察患者MSCT征象(瘤体大小、强化程度、有无坏死、液化、囊变,肿瘤边界清楚与否、有无血管受侵、有无邻近脏器侵犯或远处转移),分析肾细胞癌MSCT征象和Ki-67、HIF-1α表达情况相关性。结果本组术前应用MSCT扫描对肾细胞癌检出率及定性诊断率均为100%;Ki-67、HIF-1α在肾细胞癌组织中表达均高于癌旁正常肾组织(P<0.05);MSCT征象表现为瘤体大小>5cm、强化程度≥20HU、存在坏死、液化、囊变、肿瘤边界不清楚、有血管受侵、产生邻近脏器侵犯或远处转移者Ki-67、HIF-1α表达均高于瘤体大小≤5cm、强化程度<20HU、无坏死、液化、囊变、肿瘤边界清楚、无血管受侵、未产生邻近脏器侵犯或远处转移者(P均<0.05)。结论应用MSCT扫描可对肾细胞癌施行准确术前诊断,且肾细胞癌患者MSCT征象和Ki-67、HIF-1α表达有着密切相关性,能间接反映肿瘤生物学行为,为肾细胞癌诊断、治疗提供有力参考。     

螺旋CT三期增强扫描对原发性肝癌合并门静脉癌栓的诊断价值

目的探讨螺旋CT三期增强扫描对原发性肝癌合并门静脉癌栓的诊断价值。方法选取我院2016年1月-2017年8月收治的原发性肝癌患者59例,收集患者的临床资料及影像学资料,以病理学检查结果为金标准,分析三期增强扫描对原发性肝癌合并门静脉癌栓的检出率、诊断准确率。结果 CT平扫对原发性肝癌合并门静脉癌栓的检出率、诊断准确率分别为74.57%、69.49%,三期增强扫描对原发性肝癌合并门静脉癌栓的检出率、诊断准确率分别为96.61%、94.91%,明显高于CT平扫,差异具有统计学意义(χ^2值分别为11.614、13.034,P<0.001);CT平扫中,41例(69.49%)患者瘤体边界不清,瘤体位于肝右叶者35例(59.32%),位于肝左叶者24例(40.67%);门静脉癌栓多为低密度或高低密度混合影,门静脉主干或分支均可见不同程度的扩张,门静脉主干平均直径(2.12±0.99)cm,右门静脉扩张呈现为竹节状。三期增强扫描中,31例(52.54%)患者动脉期低密度门静脉癌栓内及其周围可见网状供血动脉,出现"门静脉铸形",呈不均匀强化;多数原发性肝癌患者受累肝实质均可见斑片状强化;门静脉期及延迟期患者门静脉腔内呈现不同范围充盈缺损。结论螺旋CT三期增强扫描对原发性肝癌合并门静脉癌栓检出、诊断准确率高,能清晰显示病灶图像特征。     

Case report of a uniocular topography guided laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis enhancement following an incorrectly treated astigmatic axis

A 23-year-old male presented to us wanting spectacle removal for cosmetic purposes. He underwent bilateral wavefront optimized (WFO) laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) on the Alcon Wavelight^® EX-500 excimer laser with an incorrectly treated astigmatism axis for left eye due to a manual data entry error in the laser. WFO LASIK treats the sphere and cylinder only. LASIK enhancement with topographic-guided ablation resulted in the elimination of all refractive errors and gave excellent results. Wavelight^® topographic-guided treatment can perform two separate layers of correction in the same ablation: The first is to treat the corneal irregularities for the higher order aberration (HOA) removal, the second one meant to treat the sphere and cylinder if indicated.