84例产褥感染的临床特点及常见致病微生物耐药性分析

目的 研究产褥感染的危险因素及常见致病微生物耐药情况，为临床治疗提供参考。方法 回顾性分析我院2017 年1 月～2019 年12 月发生的84 例产褥感染病例的临床资料，与同时期未发生产褥感染的200 例产妇进行对照研究，分析产褥感染的影响因素，并对分离获得的致病微生物进行耐药性分析。结果 感染组妊娠糖尿病、产钳助产、宫口开全后中转剖宫产患者的分布率高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；经多因素Logistic 回归分析，妊娠糖尿病是产褥感染的独立影响因素（P＜0.05）。本研究中共检出致病微生物40 株，其中革兰阴性菌13 株（占32.50%），革兰阳性菌10 株（占25.00%），支原体16 株（占40.00%），衣原体1 株（占2.50%），革兰阴性菌中以大肠埃希菌最常见，对二代头孢菌素类抗生素耐药率20%。革兰阳性菌以金黄色葡萄球菌最常见，对青霉素及头孢菌素耐药率高，未发现对亚胺培南及万古霉素耐药。结论 产钳助产、妊娠糖尿病、宫口开全后中转剖宫产是产褥感染可能的危险因素，其中，妊娠糖尿病是产褥感染的独立危险因素。目前临床常见致病微生物谱及耐药率未发生明显变化。     

Follow-up study in a patient with Setleis syndrome

We report on an 8-year-old Japanese boy with Setleis syndrome. The patient had a very characteristic “coarse” facial appearance, bitemporal “forceps marks,” skin aplasia, sparse hair, and skin hypo- and hy-perpigmentation. He also had previously undescribed manifestations, including an aberrant hair pattern of the forehead, linear skin lesions on the forehead, short palpebral fissures, a small skin tag on the right cheek, cone-shaped teeth, and pectus carinatum. Dermatoglyphic studies documented aberrant distal palmar creases (simian crease variant), 8 arches, and reduced total finger ridge count. When serial photographs were reviewed, his facial characteristics became more obvious with increasing age. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

无菌持物钳使用方法改进的研究

目的对医院内使用的干、湿置无菌持物钳细菌污染程度进行监测及使用方法的改进. 方法对病区使用的干、湿置无菌持物钳,通过不同季节环境温度、湿度、空气细菌检测进行比较. 结果发现干、湿置无菌持物钳均不能保持无菌状态;环境的温度、湿度、空气细菌菌落数与无菌持物钳的污染程度之间呈正比(P<0.01和<0.001). 结论无论是干、湿置无菌持物钳造成无菌物品的2次污染都不可避免,因此,我们将持物钳、纱布、棉球、器械等物品均改塑封小包装,经临床使用1年,质量可靠,降低了成本,简化了操作流程,为临床干、湿无菌持物钳的使用方法的改进提供了科学依据.     

Curative effect of cold micro forceps and CO2 laser in the treatment of laryngeal amyloidosis

Abstract

Background: Amyloidosis is a benign, slowly progressive disease. However, the treatment of laryngeal amyloidosis (LA) has not been studied systematically.

Objectives: To investigate the treatment results of cold micro forceps or carbon dioxide laser under microlaryngoscope in the treatment of LA.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted for the cases collected from January 1990 to March 2016 at our department.

Results: One hundred and eighteen patients (44 males and 74 females, with an average age of 51.7 years) with LA were identified. The amyloidosis was not found in organs other than the larynges and tracheas. The patients most commonly presented with hoarseness and dyspnea. All patients underwent surgical removal of the amyloid deposits (via micro forceps or CO₂ laser). Twenty-nine patients developed recurrences requiring further treatments. The mean interval from treatments to recurrences in these patients was 16.5 months. Five patients were treated more than once. No significant difference was found between cold micro forceps and CO₂ laser methods in recurrences.

Conclusions: LA generally behaves as a benign disease. Resection of LA either via cold micro forceps or CO₂ laser under microlaryngoscope is both safe and effective methods. Regular follow-up with laryngoscopy is indicated for early diagnosis of recurrence.     

Transbronchial Cryobiopsy for Miliary Tuberculosis Mimicking Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis

Miliary tuberculosis is a potentially lethal type of tuberculosis that results from the hematogenous dissemination of Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli. We herein describe the case of a 34-year-old man that presented with a one-month history of cough and fever, while his sputum smear results were negative. Chest computed tomography revealed bilateral centrilobular ground-glass opacification (GGO), suggestive of hypersensitivity pneumonitis; thus, bronchoscopy was performed. Cryobiopsy specimens revealed necrotic granulomas. A re-examination of sputum after bronchoscopy identified Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and miliary tuberculosis was diagnosed. A cryobiopsy might be useful for diagnosing miliary tuberculosis pathologically, particularly when miliary nodules may be masked by GGO.     

A set of double-angled needle holders and long,angled tissue forceps for use in surgery of the abdomen

A set of double-angled needle holders and long, angled tissue forceps have been designed and presented for use in surgery of the abdomen. The problems of passage and control of curved needles in all directions is well recognized. The marriage of design and presentation addresses the mechanical and anatomic needs of surgeons in the pelvis, subdiaphragmatic area, and in large and obese patients. Multiple variables in use provided by these instruments, particularly when used together, enhance surgical control at problem sites.     

双极电凝联合1%聚桂醇泡沫硬化剂治疗16例舌微囊型淋巴管畸形疗效观察

目的: 评价双极电凝联合1%聚桂醇泡沫硬化剂治疗舌微囊型淋巴管畸形的临床疗效及安全性。方法: 回顾分析2017年4月—2020年4月佛山市第一人民医院口腔科收治的16例舌微囊型淋巴管畸形患者的临床资料,男7例,女9例,年龄15个月~21岁,平均（8.32±1.21）岁,对治疗效果和并发症进行分析。结果: 16例患者全部随访6~12个月。疗效评价为Ⅳ级11 例（68.75%）,Ⅲ级3例（18.75%）,Ⅱ级2例（12.5%）,Ⅰ级0例,有效率87.5%。1例出现舌黏膜、舌肌坏死。结论: 双极电凝联合1%聚桂醇泡沫硬化剂治疗舌微囊型淋巴管畸形是一种微创、安全、有效的治疗方法。     

产后妇女漏尿症状及影响因素分析

目的 调查产后妇女发生漏尿症状的现状并分析其影响因素,为预防和积极干预提供参考。方法 采用便利抽样法,收集717例产后42~60 d复查的妇女的一般资料,测量产后盆底功能及评估产后漏尿情况。结果 717例产后妇女中,出现漏尿症状130例,发生率为18.13%。单因素分析结果显示,年龄、阴道分娩次数、分娩方式、妊娠期漏尿、生殖裂孔长度、Ⅰ类肌力、Ⅱ类肌力以及POP-Q分期与妇女产后出现漏尿症状有关（P＜0.05,P<0.01）;Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、顺产、产钳助产、Ⅰ类肌力和妊娠期漏尿是产后妇女发生漏尿症状的影响因素（P<0.05,P<0.01）。结论 产后42~60 d妇女的漏尿患病率处于较高水平,年龄增大、顺产及产钳助产、I类肌力减弱和妊娠期漏尿可增加产后出现漏尿症状的概率,临床医护人员应早期给予积极干预,以降低产后漏尿的发生率。     

改良式低位产钳术联合无保护会阴助产护理在初产妇中的应用效果

目的：探讨改良式低位产钳术联合无保护会阴助产护理在初产妇中的应用效果。方法选取本院2012年10月~2014年6月单胎初产妇214例,采用随机数字表法分为两组,每组107例。对照组采用改良式低位产钳术助产护理,观察组采用改良式低位产钳术联合无保护会阴助产护理,比较两组产妇的护理效果。结果观察组产妇第二产程、住院时间均明显短于对照组,产时出血量、产后出血量均明显少于对照组,新生儿Apgar评分明显高于对照组,并发症(会阴黏膜擦伤、Ⅰ度裂伤、Ⅱ度裂伤、尿潴留、感染)发生率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论改良式低位产钳术联合无保护会阴助产护理能提高分娩质量,可明显缩短产程时间和恢复时间,创伤小且并发症少,值得临床推广应用。