早产患者血清粒细胞集落刺激因子的检测及其意义

目的探讨粒细胞集落刺激因子(G-CSF)与自发性早产的关系及其对预测早产的可能意义。方法采用ELISA-双抗体夹心法分别对28-34周、34-37周不同孕龄组早产妇女及正常妊娠妇女的血清G-CSF进行检测。结果孕28-34周早产妇女血清G-CSF水平较正常对照组妇女升高(P<0.05)。结论高水平的血清G-CSF与妊娠<34周发生的早产有关,检测妊娠妇女血清G-CSF水平对预测妊娠34周之前发生的早产有重要意义。     

IL-6 and G-CSF levels in amniotic fluid during the second trimester in normal and abnormal pregnancies

Activity levels of cytokines were measured by stimulation of the cell lines NFS-60, 7TD1, and TF-1. In 39 samples of amniotic fluid, levels of Granulocyte-Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) were 1434±2063 (mean±SD) and of Interleukin (IL-6) 546±1071 pg/ml; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) was not detectable. IL-6 was correlated to G-CSF (r=0.3; p=0.003). G-CSF (p=0.0002) and IL-6 (p=0.006) were influenced by Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) and G-CSF by rhesus-incompatibility (p=0.0004). These findings suggest that cytokines such as IL-6 and G-CSF play some role in physiological and pathological pregnancy.Abbreviations G-CSF granulocyte-colony stimulating factor - GM-CSF granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor - M-CSF macrophage-colony stimulating factor - CSF colonystimulating factor - IL-6 interleukin-6 - IL-11 interleukin-11 - AFP alpha-fetoprotein - NFS-60 cell line - 7TD1 cell line - TF-l cell line - rh recombinant human - MTT 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide - FCS fetal calf serum - RPMI 1640 nutrient solution - ATCC American Tissue Culture Collection Correspondence to: E. Weimann     

兔肺小动脉内羊水栓塞成分的时序变化及其意义

目的：观察羊水成分在肺小动脉内时序演变过程，为羊水栓塞诊断提供依据。方法：建立兔羊水栓塞症模型，用旺，阿尔辛兰-荧光桃红改良染色法及TEM法，观察羊水中细胞进入兔肺后的时序变化及病变过程。结果：角化上皮等进入兔肺血管后经15d即分解消失，但其引起的多发性结节性小动脉炎经22d才可见到，TEM可见到角化上皮的凋亡过程。结论：羊水中角化上皮细胞在肺小动脉内的时序改变及继发血管改变在病理诊断医疗事故鉴定中具有重要意义。     

Use of amniotic grafts in the repair of gastroschisis

This article describes the use of amniotic grafts (AG) in the repair of large abdominal wall defects in newborns with gastroschisis. From 1988 to 1995, 22 newborns with gastroschisis underwent surgical repair. In 12 primary closure (PC) was performed; in 10 the abdominal wall defect was covered with an AG. A double layer of AG was used and the graft was additionally covered with a silastic silo in 8 cases. The overall mortality was 14%; 3 children died from necrotizing enterocolitis or sepsis after AG. However, the difference in mortality of newborns with PC versus AG was not statistically significant. Patient characteristics, the postoperative courses, nd the frequency of complications were similar after PC and AG. It is concluded that AG has no negative impact on the postoperative course and yields a low overall mortality. In our opinion there are several advantages in using the AG technique: it is an autoplastic material that is readily available without costs, reefing and removal is unnecessary, and there is a potentially low rate of adhesions.     

链置换式扩增检测羊水中巨细胞病毒DNA

目的：介绍一种简便快速准确检测羊水中ＣＭＶ－ＤＮＡ的改良ＰＣＲ－链置换式扩增用于诊断胎儿先天感染ＣＭＶ。方法，将组成套式ＰＣＲ的外内两对引物按照一定比例（外：内＝１：５０－１００）加在同一试管中一次扩增羊水和胎儿组织中ＣＭＶ－ＤＮＡ。结果：９０例异常孕产史的孕妇羊水检测ＣＭＶ－ＤＮＡ，阳性率为３８．９％（３５／９０），其中合并染色数目异常２例（４７，ＸＹＹ和４７，ＸＸ，＋２１）（已引产）核型及染色     

Cytocompatibility of Three Corneal Cell Types with Amniotic Membrane

Rabbit limbal corneal epithelial cells, corneal endothelial cells and keratocytes were cultured on amniotic membrane. Phase contrast microscope examination was performed daily. Histological and scan electron microscopic examinations were carried out to observe the growth, arrangement and adhesion of cultivated cells. Results showed that three corneal cell types seeded on amniotic membrane grew well and had normal cell morphology. Cultured cells attached firmly on the surface of amniotic membrane. Corneal epithelial cells showed singular layer or stratification. Cell boundaries were formed and tightly opposed. Corneal endothelial cells showed cobblestone or polygonal morphologic characteristics that appeared uniform in size. The cellular arrangement was compact. Keratocytes elongated and showed triangle or dendritic morphology with many intercellular joints which could form networks. In conclusion, amniotic membrane has good scaffold property, diffusion effect and compatibility with corneal cells. The basement membrane side of amniotic membrane facilitated the growth of corneal epithelial cells and endothelial cells and cell junctions were tightly developed. The spongy layer of amniotic membrane facilitated the growth of keratocytes and intercellular joints were rich. Amniotic membrane is an ideal biomaterial for layering tissue engineered cornea.     

Microproteins in amniotic fluid as an index of changes in fetal renal function during development

Protein content and protein composition were studied in amniotic fluid obtained from 171 healthy pregnant women between the 16th and 38th week of gestation, using microgradient gel electrophoresis to separate proteins according to their molecular size into albumin (68 KD), proteins of low molecular weight (LMW proteins, <68 KD), and proteins of high molecular weight (HMW proteins, >68 KD). Additionally -1-microglobulin (-1-MG, 33 KD) and -2-microglobulin (-2-MG, 11,8 KD) were analysed as micromolecular marker proteins. Concentrations of LMW proteins were 0.15–0.22 g/l, of -1-MG 28.4–34.5 mg/l, and of -2-MG 7.2–11.6 mg/l during the second trimester of gestation, and thereafter decreased progressively to 0.03 g/l, 14.1 mg/l and 2.4 mg/l respectively near term. The same developmental trends were confirmed by calculating the protein/creatinine ratios in amniotic fluid. The concentrations of LMW proteins found in the first postnatal urine of 73 healthy infants born prematurely or at term were similar to those in amniotic fluid of corresponding fetal age. Concentrations of albumin and HMW proteins in postnatal urine were about 5% and 15% respectively when compared with amniotic fluid concentrations. No strong correlation existed between gestational age and either of the analysed proteins which would allow accurate assessment of fetal maturation by protein analysis in amniotic fluid. It is concluded that fetal urinary excretion is the major determinant of the microprotein content of amniotic fluid. Microproteins seem to reflect an increasing tubular reabsorption capacity, which accelerates rapidly after the second trimester of gestation.     

鱼油对大鼠细胞膜脂流动性的影响

研究了鱼油对脓毒症大鼠细胞膜脂流动性的影响。结果，正常大鼠肝、心、脾、肺、肾、脑、胸大肌及红细胞膜脂的流动性明显不同。脓毒症组大鼠肝、肺和红细胞膜脂的流动性明显降低（ｐ〈０．０５），肝细胞膜脂相变温度升高，当预先给脓毒症大服用４周鱼油时，肝、肺、肾、脑及红细胞膜的流动性明显增加（Ｐ〈０．０１和Ｐ〈０．０５），肝细胞膜脂相变温度降低。提示鱼油有降低炎症大鼠膜脂相变温度，改善膜脂流动状态的作用，推测鱼