晕可宁颗粒对急、慢性梅尼埃病模型的影响

目的　探讨晕可宁颗粒的主要药效学 ,为临床提供药效学资料及治疗学基础。方法　采用三氯甲烷破坏豚鼠一侧膜迷路感受器模型 ,探讨受试药对眼震颤、摆头及旋转的影响 ;采用内淋巴囊和内淋巴管阻塞手术复制豚鼠膜迷路实验性膜迷路积水模型 ,研究内耳组织平均中阶面积 (SMA)增加率及形态学的变化。结果　抑眩宁阳性对照组、晕可宁颗粒 (8、16g/kg)模型给药组豚鼠眼球震颤次数减少 ,差异有显著意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。成功复制了不同程度膜迷路积水豚鼠模型 ,表现为前庭膜重度膨出 ,前庭阶缩小 ,膜蜗管增大 ,SMA增加率变大 ,差异有显著意义 (P <0 .0 1) ;晕可宁颗粒灌胃后可减轻豚鼠实验性膜迷路积水的程度 ,差异有显著意义 (P <0 .0 1) ;但与空白对照组比较SMA增加率差异无显著意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　晕可宁颗粒可以减轻内淋巴囊积水程度 ,对梅尼埃病症状有对抗治疗作用。     

FISH mapping and molecular organization of the major repetitive sequences of tomato

This paper presents a bird’s-eye view of the major repeats and chromatin types of tomato. Using fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) with Cot-1, Cot-10 and Cot-100 DNA as probes we mapped repetitive sequences of different complexity on pachytene complements. Cot-100 was found to cover all heterochromatin regions, and could be used to identify repeat-rich clones in BAC filter hybridization. Next we established the chromosomal locations of the tandem and dispersed repeats with respect to euchromatin, nucleolar organizer regions (NORs), heterochromatin, and centromeres. The tomato genomic repeats TGRII and TGRIII appeared to be major components of the pericentromeres, whereas the newly discovered TGRIV repeat was found mainly in the structural centromeres. The highly methylated NOR of chromosome 2 is rich in [GACA]₄, a microsatellite that also forms part of the pericentromeres, together with [GA]₈, [GATA]₄ and Ty1-copia. Based on the morphology of pachytene chromosomes and the distribution of repeats studied so far, we now propose six different chromatin classes for tomato: (1) euchromatin, (2) chromomeres, (3) distal heterochromatin and interstitial heterochromatic knobs, (4) pericentromere heterochromatin, (5) functional centromere heterochromatin and (6) nucleolar organizer region.     

Nutritional Controlled Preparation and Administration of Different Tomato Purées Indicate Increase of β-Carotene and Lycopene Isoforms,and of Antioxidant Potential in Human Blood Bioavailability: A Pilot Study

The isoforms of lycopene, carotenoids, and their derivatives including precursors of vitamin A are compounds relevant for preventing chronic degenerative diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Tomatoes are a major source of these compounds. However, cooking and successive metabolic processes determine the bioavailability of tomatoes in human nutrition. To evaluate the effect of acute/chronic cooking procedures on the bioavailability of lycopene and carotene isoforms in human plasma, we measured the blood levels of these compounds and of the serum antioxidant potential in volunteers after a meal containing two different types of tomato sauce (rustic or strained). Using a randomized cross-over administration design, healthy volunteers were studied, and the above indicated compounds were determined by HPLC. The results indicate an increased bioavailability of the estimated compounds and of the serum antioxidant potential with both types of tomato purée and the subsequently derived sauces (the increase was greater with strained purée). This study sheds light on the content of nutrient precursors of vitamin A and other antioxidant compounds derived from tomatoes cooked with different strategies. Lastly, our study indicates that strained purée should be preferred over rustic purée.     

副溶血弧菌不耐热溶血毒素的表达与纯化

目的　表达和纯化融合表达的副溶血弧菌不耐热溶血毒素。方法　将表达载体 pET3 2a -tlh转化大肠杆菌BL2 1(λDE3) ,诱导表达副溶血弧菌不耐热溶血毒素 ,表达产物用聚丙稀酰胺凝胶电泳 (SDS -PAGE)鉴定 ,8mmol/L的尿素溶解包涵体 ,用 6×his组氨酸蛋白质镍亲和层析树脂亲和层析纯化目的蛋白。结果　诱导表达的目的蛋白以包涵体形式存在 ,其含量约占菌体总蛋白的 10 % ,纯化获得了高纯度的融合表达的副溶血弧菌不耐热溶血毒素。结论　转化有重组质粒pET3 2a -tlh的BL2 1(λDE3)可稳定高效地表达目的蛋白 ,采用低浓度的咪唑、β -巯基乙醇和Tritonx -10 0等方法减少杂蛋白污染 ,亲和层析纯化目的蛋白 ,可获得高纯度的目的蛋白     

Spectrophotometric determination of the tannin contents of various Turkish black tea,beer and wine samples

This study reports tannin contents of various tea (19), beer (6) and wine (6) samples, produced or sold in Turkey under different brand names. Determinations were carried out by employing a previously reported UV-vis spectrophotometric method. The standard addition procedure was also compared to the direct determination procedure and found to be more reliable. The tannin contents of hot water extracts of tea, tea bag and herbal tea samples ranged between 6.20-8.33, 8.03-6.59 and 2.76-6.54 percent (w/w) respectively. Tannin contents of beer and wine samples determined without extraction were found ranging between 66.36-77.26 and 67.18-107.62 μ g/mL respectively. Iron contents of analysed wine samples were also found ranging between 0.36 and 10.33 ppm by AAS and no relation is found between tannin and iron contents.     

TRAF6通过内源性凋亡通路促进卡介苗诱导的巨噬细胞凋亡

目的 探讨肿瘤坏死因子受体相关因子6（TRAF6）对卡介苗（BCG）诱导巨噬细胞凋亡的调控作用。方法 Q-PCR检测活动性结核患者外周血中TRAF6的表达后利用不同感染复数的BCG感染RAW264.7细胞,在感染的不同时间通过Q-PCR和Western blot检测巨噬细胞中Caspase 3和TRAF6的表达。时间梯度试验处理组分为5组：对照组（未感染,C）、BCG感染6 h组、12 h组、18 h组和24 h组;感染复数试验处理组分为5组：对照组（未感染,C）、5 MOI组、10 MOI组、15 MOI组和20 MOI组。随后,通过小干扰RNA技术敲减RAW264.7细胞中TRAF6的表达,并结合BCG感染建立TRAF6敲减模型。TRAF6敲减实验分为4组：阴性对照组（NC）、BCG单独感染组（BCG）、TRAF6小干扰RNA单独处理组（siRNA）和TRAF6小干扰RNA与BCG共处理组（siRNA+BCG）。利用平板涂布法检测巨噬细胞菌载量变化。通过流式细胞术检测巨噬细胞凋亡率和线粒体膜电位变化。利用Western blot检测TRAF6、Caspase 3、PARP、Bcl-2,BAX的表达。使用免疫荧光技术检测TRAF6与Caspase 3的表达。结果与健康人群相比,活动性结核患者外周血中TRAF6高表达（P<0.001）。BCG感染显著上调RAW264.7中TRAF6与Caspase 3的表达,且当感染时间为18 h（P=0.03,P=0.04）,感染复数为15时二者表达量最高（P<0.001,P<0.001）。敲减TRAF6上调BCG感染的巨噬细胞内的菌载量（P=0.05）。与BCG单独处理组相比,敲减TRAF6显著抑制BCG感染的巨噬细胞凋亡率（P<0.001）,并显著下调Caspase 3（P=0.002）和PARP的表达（P<0.001）。同时,BCG感染RAW264.7细胞的线粒体膜电位上升（P<0.001）,而敲减TRAF6抑制BCG感染的巨噬细胞线粒体膜电位（P<0.001）。敲减TRAF6显著下调BCG感染巨噬细胞中BAX表达（P=0.005）的同时上调Bcl-2的表达（P=0.04）。结论 TRAF6通过内源性凋亡通路促进BCG感染的巨噬细胞凋亡。     

河套灌区覆膜沟灌对加工番茄生长效应与品质的影响

针对传统灌溉中存在不足,在内蒙古河套灌区研究了沟灌覆膜和无覆膜形式对加工番茄植株生育指标、品质、水分生产率、地上植株干物质积累量和番茄产量以及经济效益的影响。结果表明:覆膜处理对沟灌措施下的番茄植株的株高相比无覆膜处理增加达43%,茎粗增加达45%,番茄红素分别增加6.5%～25.4%;水分生产率及地上植株干物质的积累也分别提高了56%和22%,植株产量增长了1848.15～2768.89 kg·667m^-2,农民也得到了692.75～1592.75元·667m^-2的增产收入。因此在沟灌加工番茄生产中采取覆膜种植能有效促进生长并能取得良好的经济效益。