全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1888篇 |
免费 | 276篇 |
国内免费 | 8篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 10篇 |
儿科学 | 210篇 |
妇产科学 | 30篇 |
基础医学 | 160篇 |
口腔科学 | 43篇 |
临床医学 | 517篇 |
内科学 | 103篇 |
皮肤病学 | 9篇 |
神经病学 | 203篇 |
特种医学 | 10篇 |
外科学 | 57篇 |
综合类 | 55篇 |
预防医学 | 623篇 |
眼科学 | 4篇 |
药学 | 54篇 |
1篇 | |
中国医学 | 3篇 |
肿瘤学 | 80篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 15篇 |
2023年 | 66篇 |
2022年 | 45篇 |
2021年 | 73篇 |
2020年 | 106篇 |
2019年 | 117篇 |
2018年 | 111篇 |
2017年 | 124篇 |
2016年 | 109篇 |
2015年 | 78篇 |
2014年 | 111篇 |
2013年 | 213篇 |
2012年 | 91篇 |
2011年 | 92篇 |
2010年 | 73篇 |
2009年 | 82篇 |
2008年 | 79篇 |
2007年 | 83篇 |
2006年 | 64篇 |
2005年 | 57篇 |
2004年 | 56篇 |
2003年 | 50篇 |
2002年 | 39篇 |
2001年 | 33篇 |
2000年 | 25篇 |
1999年 | 25篇 |
1998年 | 12篇 |
1997年 | 14篇 |
1996年 | 15篇 |
1995年 | 15篇 |
1994年 | 18篇 |
1993年 | 10篇 |
1992年 | 5篇 |
1991年 | 11篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 11篇 |
1988年 | 7篇 |
1987年 | 8篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 10篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 3篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有2172条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Haochu Li Xiaoming Li Lai Sze Tso Shan Qiao Eleanor Holroyd Yuejiao Zhou 《Vulnerable children and youth studies》2016,11(2):173-179
In HIV/AIDS research, few studies to date have evaluated ways to improve parental HIV disclosure practices using feedback from HIV-negative children who have recently experienced this event. We conducted semi-structured in-depth interviews with 20 children (aged 6–15) who were partially to fully aware of their parents’ HIV status in rural Guangxi, China. Of the 20 children, eight children who were of older age (11.38 years in average) endorsed parental HIV disclosure, five discouraged it and seven expressed uncertainty. Children’s different experiences and attitudes towards disclosure were seen to be associated with their family dynamics (especially the parent–child relationship), social support and care, experiences of stigma and discrimination, psychosocial suffering, comprehension of the disease and the children’s age. Our study contributes to building a child-centered comprehensive understanding for Chinese parental HIV disclosure. It is imperative that counselors and community advocates assess and help parents achieve optimal readiness preceding disclosure of their illness to their HIV-negative children. 相似文献
2.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the literature related to the effectiveness of parents’ active involvement during painful interventions for their preterm infants.Data SourcesWe performed a systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE/Ovid, CINAHL, Livivio, and PsycInfo using the keywords “preterm infants,” “pain,” and “parents.”Study SelectionArticles were eligible for inclusion if they were published between 2000 and 2021 and reported randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in which preterm infants underwent painful interventions, and parents were present and actively involved in pain-reducing measures.Data ExtractionWe used the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) checklist for RCTs for data extraction. We assessed methodologic quality using critical appraisal for RCTs according to the Joanna Briggs Institute.Data SynthesisIn total, 22 articles met the inclusion criteria. These articles reported 19 studies focused on kangaroo/skin-to-skin care, one focused on breastfeeding, and two focused on facilitated tucking. The methods used to evaluate pain in the infant varied substantially. Overall, kangaroo/skin-to-skin care and facilitated tucking resulted in clinically and statistically significant decreases in pain. For breastfeeding, effectiveness was linked to a more mature sucking pattern of the preterm infant.ConclusionThe current evidence suggests that involving parents in pain-reducing measures during painful interventions for their preterm infants is beneficial. However, more research is needed for the different methods of involving parents in pain-reducing measures. 相似文献
3.
目的 了解保定市小学生家长关于小学生近视知信行的相关现状及影响因素,制定有效干预措施,为预防儿童青少年近视提供有力依据。方法 运用分层整群随机抽样的方法,抽取保定市某小学一年级至六年级766名学生家长进行问卷调查。结果 小学生家长用眼卫生相关知识总正确率为64.90%。家长年龄越大、文化程度越高以及自身近视的家长掌握小学生近视的相关知识越多。家长年龄越大,督导孩子健康用眼的行为越易发生(P=0.027,OR=0.169)。结论 应多渠道对学生家长进行健康教育,为控制和预防小学生近视的发生与发展构建以家庭为主的第一道防线。 相似文献
4.
Rosemary Cant 《Australian Occupational Therapy Journal》1993,40(3):113-121
Newer policies of community care for those with disabilities have resulted in the home becoming the usual site of care. Policy makers must now give attention to the needs of those at home giving this care. This article explores the constraints on sociability opportunities of 73 mothers who were caring for children with disabilities. These opportunities are often built into leisure pursuits for women without caring responsibilities. However, choice of out-of-house leisure activity was circumscribed for the mothers in this study and their reported leisure activities revolved around home and neighbourhood. Even these sites offered limited scope for sociability because of the way in which caring affected domestic space and because of the characteristics of the modern Australian suburb. It is argued in this paper that personal time and personal domestic space are needed by care-givers so their sociability needs can be fulfilled. An understanding of the constraints imposed by use of the home as a place of care may make possible the planning of a rearrangement of domestic space to increase sociability opportunities for carers. 相似文献
5.
Such research evidence as exists on effective drug strategies in prevention and education draws attention to the importance of involving parents along with other community agencies and school governors. Much depends nevertheless on the way in which 'involvement' is interpreted and the assumptions that are made about parents' knowledge of drugs and drug education as well as their attitudes to drug issues. As the age of initial experimentation and contact with drugs continues to fall, the importance of enskilling parents to support drug education programmes for 5 year olds and upwards continues to rise. This paper reports the first wide ranging survey of parents' knowledge of drugs and drug issues across an entire English county embracing younger as well as older children. The need for more coordinated, informed and systematic guidance to parents is established. 相似文献
6.
Background Respite care may act as a means to reduce stress and fatigue in people caring for a dependent who has a disability. Despite this, a variety of barriers may exist to obtaining such services. This study explored caregivers' experiences seeking respite care for their children with special needs within a province in Canada.
Methods Caregivers were recruited from two agencies providing respite care for children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders and other mental health and developmental difficulties. In total, 10 caregivers participated in in-depth individual interviews. A constructivist grounded theory approach was employed in the design and analysis of the data.
Results Caregivers discussed their frustrations with the process of finding and obtaining respite care, a course of action described as 'jumping through hoops'. This construct was composed of subcategories emphasizing the complexity of 'navigating the system', the bidirectional process of 'meeting the requirements' and the challenges of 'getting help'.
Conclusions The collective experiences of these caregivers point to the need for more flexibility and co-ordination of respite care services for children with special needs. 相似文献
Methods Caregivers were recruited from two agencies providing respite care for children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders and other mental health and developmental difficulties. In total, 10 caregivers participated in in-depth individual interviews. A constructivist grounded theory approach was employed in the design and analysis of the data.
Results Caregivers discussed their frustrations with the process of finding and obtaining respite care, a course of action described as 'jumping through hoops'. This construct was composed of subcategories emphasizing the complexity of 'navigating the system', the bidirectional process of 'meeting the requirements' and the challenges of 'getting help'.
Conclusions The collective experiences of these caregivers point to the need for more flexibility and co-ordination of respite care services for children with special needs. 相似文献
7.
Parental alcoholism and early child development 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
In a cohort of 532 pregnant women from the general population, it was found by compilation of the results from interviews, police records, hospital records and social welfare records that 23 mothers and 51 fathers in 64 families (12%) were suffering from alcoholism/heavy drinking. In these 64 families, the mother was an addict in only 13 families, both parents were addicts in 10 families, and in the remaining 41 families only the father was an addict. Pregnancy, delivery, the newborn child and the child's development until their fourth year of life have been described using a multidisciplinary approach and a longitudinal prospective design. An hypothesis on mental and physical development, and the occurrence of psychopathological symptoms in the children was tested. None of the children of the 13 alcoholic mothers was born with foetal alcohol syndrome, but foetal hazard was indicated by lower birth weight and a higher rate of perinatal deaths. Children of alcoholic parents had retarded mental development and showed more behavioural problems until 4 years of age than controls, but the differences related to physical development during the first year of life had then disappeared. Boys were found to be more vulnerable than girls. The consequences of behaviour seemed to be more pronounced when both parents were alcoholics. No obvious deviation was found when only the father was addicted. Regarding mental development, it appears that factors related to parental alcoholism, including genetic and social factors, and the sex of the child, are of greater importance than the neonatal score on reduced optimality. 相似文献
8.
ALISON E. WHILE 《Journal of clinical nursing》1992,1(3):117-121
- ? The literature demonstrating the effects of child hospitalization is reviewed prior to a review of selected aspects of a child's hospital experience.
- ? Despite the clearly demonstrated benefit of preparatory work with children and their parents, it appears that British nurses have not widely incorporated well-researched techniques into their practice.
- ? Hospitalization appears to be a lonely experience both for children and their parents.
- ? Pain management is also reviewed and it is clear that optimal pain relief has yet to be attained.
9.
William B. Hansen John W. Graham Judith L. Sobel David R. Shelton Brian R. Flay C. Anderson Johnson 《Journal of behavioral medicine》1987,10(6):559-579
The purpose of this study was to determine the degree to which the use of tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana by young adolescents can be described using a common theoretical model. Structural models were created in which psychosocial variables hierarchically predicted the use of each substance. The fit of a model in which paths from predictor variables were constrained to be equal was not inferior in any meaningful way to that of a model in which all path coefficients were freely estimated, thus suggesting that use of tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana by young adolescents may be considered to be a unitary phenomenon. A simplified model, in which these substances were combined into a single latent variable, showed a good fit. The results of these analyses suggest that it may be beneficial to consider adolescent substance use to be a unitary phenomenon.This research was supported by National Institute on Drug Abuse Grant 1-R18-DA-003406. 相似文献
10.
Turrisi R Hillhouse J Heavin S Robinson J Adams M Berry J 《Journal of behavioral medicine》2004,27(4):393-412
The research evaluated an intervention strategy designed to prevent skin cancer in young adolescents. The intervention used parents as change agents to effectively communicate the risks of skin cancer and encourage their children to avoid high-risk sun-related behaviors while increasing positive sun-safe behaviors. Three hundred and forty parents in two regions of the United States were educated about the dangers of risky sun behaviors and how to convey information about skin cancer prevention to their children. Parents were then encouraged to talk with their children about these issues over a 1-month period prior to the onset of summer. Following this time period, children whose parents received and implemented the intervention materials were compared with a control sample of 129 children. These two groups were matched on age, gender, and school on number of sunburns and sunburn severity, attitudes and beliefs, and sunbathing behavior. Children in the treatment condition differed significantly from controls in the predicted directions on all outcome variables. The findings are discussed in terms of reducing skin cancer risk behaviors of children via parent-based intervention approaches. 相似文献