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1.
椎间盘镜系统治疗腰椎间盘突出症550例 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
目的探讨椎间盘镜系统治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效. 方法改进部分手术器械,采用膝胸坐位,穿刺黄韧带进入椎管等方法,应用METRx进行腰椎间盘取出术550例. 结果随访6~36个月,平均21个月,疗效参考Nakai标准,优478例 (86.9%),良60例(10.9%),可6例(1.1%),差6例(1.1%).疗效差6例再次镜下扩大侧隐窝清理残留髓核疗效转良. 结论 METRx下行腰椎间盘取出术,创伤小、安全、疗效好,值得推广. 相似文献
2.
中下段颈椎的应力松弛特性及前、后路手术对其的影响 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
目的 研究中下段颈椎的应力松弛特性,并评估椎间盘切除植骨术与椎板切开术对其影响。方法 6例新鲜尸体完整颈椎及手术后颈椎,在模拟生理状态下进行屈曲及伸展位的应力松弛实验。结果 在恒应变条件下,绘制术前及不同术式后的中下段颈椎的应力松弛函数及曲线;术后的中下段颈椎的应力和初始化应力比值G(t)比术前明显增大,前路椎间盘切除植骨术后的G(t)值比椎板切开术大,两者均有统计学意义。结论 在恒应变条件下,颈椎具有快速应力松弛敏感性,屈曲位比伸展位大。椎板成形术及颈椎前路椎间盘切除植骨术都使颈椎的应力松弛能力减弱,前路椎间盘切除植骨术的影响更大。 相似文献
3.
采用经皮弧式椎间盘切除器械治疗L_5~S_1椎间盘突出症22例,21例成功。术后优良率为86.4%。该器械能够避开髂嵴阻挡进入L_5~S_1椎间隙,并增加椎间盘切除量,提高经皮L_5~S_1椎间盘切除成功率。定位正确是成功的关键。 相似文献
4.
椎间盘部分切除对腰椎应力分布影响的有限元分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
腰椎间盘突出症是骨科常见病之一。椎间盘切除术被广泛应用于本症的治疗。本文采用有限元素分析法观察了椎间盘部分切除前后腰椎应力分布的改变。本研究观察到,在正常情况下,椎体上下缘的中央部位承受较大的应力;椎间盘部分切除术后,椎体上下缘的侧方承采应力大于中央部分。这些结果表明,椎间盘部分切除术后可引起腰椎应力分布紊乱,出现应力集中,引起骨质增生,从而影响手术的远期疗效。 相似文献
5.
ObjectiveThe objective of the present study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (PTED) and open fenestration discectomy (OFD) in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH).MethodsPatients in our hospital with LDH who received PTED (n = 71) and OFD (n = 39) from 2013 to 2014 were retrospectively studied. Patient information, including age, gender, visual analogue scale (VAS) score for low back pain and leg pain, body weight, height, Oswestry disability index (ODI), Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA), and recurrence, was collected. The patients in the two groups were followed up for an average of 63 months after surgery.ResultsA total of 136 patients completed the operation and 110 patients were followed up completely. There was no significant difference in baseline data between the two groups (P > 0.05). The postoperative low back pain, leg pain, ODI, and JOA of the two groups were better than those preoperatively (P < 0.05). One week after surgery, the recovery of PTED patients was better than that of OFD. The ODI score of the PTED group was lower than that of the OFD group (10 [8, 12] vs 14 [11, 16]; P < 0.05), the waist VAS score of the PTED group was lower than that of the OFD group (2 [2, 3] vs 3 [2, 4]; P < 0.05), the leg VAS score of the PTED group was lower than that of the OFD group (1 [0,1] vs 1 [1, 2]; P < 0.05), while the JOA score of the PTED group was higher than that of OFD group [19(16, 20) vs 12(10, 17); P < 0.05]. There were no significant differences in ODI, JOA, waist and leg VAS scores between the two groups at 1 month after surgery and at subsequent follow‐up (P > 0.05). At the end of the follow up, 89.7% (35/39) of patients in the OFD group had excellent improvement in the JOA score, and 88.7% (63/71) of patients in the PTED group had an excellent improvement. There was no significant difference between the two (P > 0.05). There was also no significant difference in the recurrence rate between the two groups [(5/71) vs (3/39); P > 0.05]. [Correction added on 05 March 2021, after first online publication: “3/29” was amended to “3/39” in the preceding sentence.]ConclusionBoth PTED and OFD can achieve good mid‐term efficacy in the treatment of LDH but PTED has certain advantages, including the small incision, a shorter hospital stay, and quicker, earlier recovery. However, prospective randomized controlled studies with a larger sample size are needed. 相似文献
6.
目的探讨经皮侧后路椎间孔镜下髓核摘除术治疗青少年腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效。方法 2010年2月~2011年7月,我院收治的12例青少年腰椎间盘突出症患者接受了经皮侧后路椎间孔镜下髓核摘除术治疗并获得随访。其中男8例,女4例;年龄12~20岁,平均14.6岁。比较手术前后Oswestry功能障碍指数(Oswestry Disability Index,ODI)、下肢疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)及术后12个月时Macnab评分对临床疗效进行分析。结果 12例患者均获得随访,随访时间17~30个月,平均21.3个月。术后1周、3个月,6个月,12个月及末次随访时ODI指数、下肢疼痛VAS评分与术前相比均明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。按照Macnab评分标准,术后12个月时,优7例,良4例,可1例,优良率为91.7%(11/12)。结论经皮侧后路椎间孔镜下髓核摘除术治疗青少年腰椎间盘突出症短期内能取得满意的临床疗效,其长期疗效及安全性有待进一步研究。 相似文献
7.
Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) is a new technique for the decompression of the lumbar disc space and removal of nucleus pulposus via a posterolateral approach. The technique was introduced in Germany by the authors in April 1987. The method is indicated in patients with non-equestrated lumbar disc herniation with an intact lorsal longitudinal ligament. In local anesthesia, a working cannula (OD 5 mm) is placed at the dorsal lateral border of the disc. The disc space is opened with anulus trephines and the nucleus pulposus is removed with rigid and flexible forceps as well as with automated shaver systems under intermittent endoscopic control (discoscopy). The procedure is performed in local anesthesia. The results of the first thirty patients with a follow-up time between 6 months and 17 months could be graded as excellent in 13 cases, as good in 9 cases, as fair in 6 cases, and as bad in 2 cases. The relief of symptoms as judged by the patients was between 70–100 percent in the majority of the cases. Three patients had to be reoperated at the same level and site, because of either persistent or recurrent sciatica. The performance in local anesthesia, the atraumatic extraspinal approach, the reduced time of hospitalization and post-operative morbidity as well as the reduced time of work incapability are the main advantages of this new method. 相似文献
8.
9.
Christoph Hamburger Wolfgang Lanksch Reinhard Oeckler Christoph Bachmann 《Neurosurgical review》1994,17(4):247-252
The pathophysiology of spondylotic cervical myeolopathy is still a matter of discussion. This paper presents a series of 126 patients operated on using a ventral approach. In 47% of the patients only a spondylotic narrowing of the spinal canal was present and in 35% an additional disc herniation was found. In 13% of the cases however a soft disc without spondylotic spures was found and in 5% a dislocation of vertebral bodies. We found a marked male preponderance of 77%, mean age was 51.6 years, ranging from 25–50 years. Most patients were operated on at the levels of C4/5 and C5/6. Observation time covered a period of 3–10 years. The outcome was rated relatively to the preoperative degree of disablement using a questionnaire for the patients and their family doctors. We found a marked difference in the answers, especially in rating deterioration, which was stated by patients in 34%, by physicians only in 12%. Another finding was the time-related out-come. We found best results with 75% improvement and 5% deterioration between 3–6 months postoperatively, with increasing time the results decreased to 33% improvement, 33% identical statys and in 33% a deterioration related to the preoperative status must be noted. 相似文献
10.
Summary ? Background. The anterior approach for cervical discectomy with methacrylate-implant involves manipulations on vertebral bodies and ligaments.
Foreign materials like methacrylate and fibrin sponge are inserted. On postoperative MRI it may be difficult to differentiate
pathological from “normal” findings caused by routine manipulations.
Method. In this study 14 patients free of symptoms after anterior discectomy with methacrylate-implant were examined clinically
and a MRI was performed on the 7th day after surgery and again after a 6 month follow-up. All patients had an uneventful recovery
and no signs of inflammation after surgery.
Findings. Independent of the underlying pathology (e.g. soft or hard disc) 73% of the patients had a signal reduction within the vertebral
bodies adjacent to the operated disc on T1-weighted spin-echo images on the 7th postoperative day. Signal intensities were
normal after 6 months in all patients. Remarkable metal artifacts were present in one patient only. The methacrylate-implant
could be identified as a hypo-intense structure on all sequences at any time without artifacts. In 80% of the cases a hyperintensity
was found on T2-weighted images between the methacrylate-implant and the dura on the 7th postoperative day. A protrusion of the posterior ligament was present at the level of the operated disc on day 7 after surgery,
which had resolved completely 6 months later. This may mimic residual disc tissue or osteophytes early after surgery.
Interpretation. It is very important to know this “normal” postoperative appearance of the cervical spine in order to avoid misinterpretations. 相似文献