高龄产妇产后抑郁影响因素的质性研究

目的 探究高龄产妇产后抑郁的影响因素，为护理人员今后在临床工作中提供个性化的护理服务提供参考依据。方法 采用质性研究中的现象学研究法对2021年12月至2022年4月在内蒙古医科大学附属医院妇产科建档分娩的16例高龄产妇进行半结构式访谈，并以Colaizzi现象学研究方法进行资料分析。结果 提炼出影响高龄产妇产后抑郁的4个主题：躯体性压力源；负性心理体验；社会支持缺乏，矛盾出现；角色转变对高龄产妇的影响。结论 需重视高龄产妇产后的主观感受，加强产前产后健康宣教，构建以家庭为中心的高龄产妇产后护理模型，减少产后抑郁的发生。     

Psychomotor therapy targeting anger and aggressive behaviour in individuals with mild or borderline intellectual disabilities: A systematic review

Background: Poor anger regulation is considered a risk factor of aggression in individuals with mild or borderline intellectual disabilities. Psychomotor therapy (PMT) targets anger regulation through body- and movement-oriented interventions. This study aims to inform practitioners on efficacy and research-base of PMT in this population.

Method: This systematic review evaluated nine studies which met inclusion criteria in terms of participants, intervention procedures, outcomes and certainty of evidence.

Results: Seven studies revealed a substantial reduction of aggressive behaviour or anger. Certainty of evidence was rated inconclusive in most cases due to absence of experimental control.

Conclusions: We can conclude that body-oriented PMT, involving progressive relaxation and meditation procedure “Soles of the Feet”, is a promising approach. However, the paucity of studies and methodological limitations preclude classifying it as an evidence-based practice. This suggests stronger methodological research and research aimed at PMT’s mechanisms of action (e.g., improved interoceptive awareness) is warranted.     

Relationships Among Factors Related to Childbirth and Breastfeeding Outcomes in Primiparous Women

ObjectivesTo explore the relationships among potentially modifiable factors related to childbirth and effective breastfeeding initiation at approximately 36 hours after birth and duration and exclusivity at hospital discharge, 2 weeks, 2 months, and 6 months after birth in primiparous women and to explore whether modifiable and nonmodifiable secondary factors and covariates influenced the relationships among factors related to childbirth and these breastfeeding outcomes.DesignA prospective, longitudinal, cohort study.SettingThe postpartum units of two general hospitals in eastern Canada.ParticipantsNinety-seven mother–infant dyads.MethodsWe recorded demographic, childbirth, obstetric history, and breastfeeding data through chart review. A breastfeeding observation was completed at approximately 36 hours after birth by unit nurses. Participants maintained breastfeeding logs in hospital and for 6 months after birth and completed three self-report questionnaires before discharge. We analyzed outcomes using backward stepwise linear and logistic regression.ResultsOne childbirth factor, labor induced with oxytocin, was negatively associated with effective initiation of breastfeeding, and none was related to breastfeeding duration and exclusivity at any time point. Maternal weight; professional support; and newborn’s gestational age at birth, 5-minute Apgar score, weight loss, LATCH score, and active feeds (newborn actively suckled at the breast) were significantly associated with breastfeeding outcomes.ConclusionInduction of labor with oxytocin should be used judiciously; when used, nurses must be hypervigilant to assess the mother–infant dyad for breastfeeding issues and to intervene to prevent or remediate them.     

Relationships between perceived teachers' controlling behaviour,psychological need thwarting,anger and bullying behaviour in high-school students

We tested a model of the associations between students' perceptions of their physical education teacher's controlling behaviour, perceptions of basic psychological need thwarting, anger and bullying behaviour. School students (N = 602; M age = 12.88, SD = 1.37) from 10 schools completed measures of perceived teachers' controlling behaviour and perceived thwarting of the psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness in physical education context and self-reported bullying and anger. A well-fitting structural equation model demonstrated that students' perceptions of the negative conditional regard and intimidation exhibited by the teacher had significant indirect effect on students' feelings of anger and bullying behaviour through the perceived psychological need thwarting in physical education. Findings suggest that physical education teachers who avoid the use of negative conditional regard and intimidation in their classes have students who perceive less need thwarting and report less bullying behaviour.     

Infecciones de transmisión sexual en hombres internos en prisión: riesgo de desarrollo de nuevas infecciones

ObjectiveTo measure incidence and main risk factors related to sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in Daroca Prison (Zaragoza, Spain).MethodA retrospective cohort study (2005-2013) to measure the incidence of STI and a cross-sectional study to measure risk factors.ResultsOf the 203 inmates, 79 developed an STI, 37 had a previous STI, 55.2% lacked knowledge on STI prevention, and 28.9% showed behaviours unfavourable for STI prevention. The incidence rate was 6.5 STIs per 1,000 inmates-year. The most frequent STIs were hepatitis B (39.7%), Ureaplasma urealyticum (19.1%), herpes simplex (16.2%) and HIV (8.8%). The risk (hazard ratio, HR) of acquiring a new STI was significantly higher in inmates with a history of previous STI (HR = 2.61; 95%CI: 1.01 to 6.69), and was at the limit of significance for non-preventive behaviour (HR = 2.10; 95%CI: 0.98 to 4.53), but not in knowledge related to STIs (HR = 1.33; 95%CI: 0.58 to 3.07).ConclusionThe most important risk factors in prison are behaviours related to STIs and previous history of STIs. Other factors are being a repeat offender, injecting drug use, or being in a methadone programme. Health personnel and peer education can facilitate prevention and control.