全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3852篇 |
免费 | 231篇 |
国内免费 | 72篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 17篇 |
儿科学 | 66篇 |
妇产科学 | 36篇 |
基础医学 | 234篇 |
口腔科学 | 8篇 |
临床医学 | 124篇 |
内科学 | 425篇 |
皮肤病学 | 19篇 |
神经病学 | 43篇 |
特种医学 | 39篇 |
外科学 | 54篇 |
综合类 | 327篇 |
预防医学 | 2232篇 |
眼科学 | 8篇 |
药学 | 392篇 |
4篇 | |
中国医学 | 35篇 |
肿瘤学 | 92篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 4篇 |
2023年 | 42篇 |
2022年 | 79篇 |
2021年 | 117篇 |
2020年 | 113篇 |
2019年 | 112篇 |
2018年 | 102篇 |
2017年 | 104篇 |
2016年 | 130篇 |
2015年 | 121篇 |
2014年 | 159篇 |
2013年 | 351篇 |
2012年 | 184篇 |
2011年 | 263篇 |
2010年 | 189篇 |
2009年 | 206篇 |
2008年 | 231篇 |
2007年 | 253篇 |
2006年 | 224篇 |
2005年 | 171篇 |
2004年 | 124篇 |
2003年 | 141篇 |
2002年 | 91篇 |
2001年 | 71篇 |
2000年 | 81篇 |
1999年 | 66篇 |
1998年 | 36篇 |
1997年 | 51篇 |
1996年 | 36篇 |
1995年 | 37篇 |
1994年 | 51篇 |
1993年 | 39篇 |
1992年 | 44篇 |
1991年 | 24篇 |
1990年 | 19篇 |
1989年 | 10篇 |
1988年 | 13篇 |
1987年 | 12篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 9篇 |
1984年 | 11篇 |
1983年 | 6篇 |
1982年 | 7篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 3篇 |
1979年 | 5篇 |
1978年 | 4篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有4155条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) in particulate matter that has a diameter of ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5). Studies have demonstrated that BaP exposure causes oocyte meiotic arrest in mice. However, whether BaP exposure also affects oocyte maturation in offspring remains unclear. To test this, female mice were administered BaP before pregnancy to generate BaP-exposed offspring. Our findings showed that BaP exposure reduced the in vitro maturation and increased the abnormalities of meiotic apparatus in offspring oocytes. In addition, BaP exposure reduced the mitochondrial content and intracellular ATP generation, induced early apoptosis, increased reactive oxidative species accumulation and the genomic DNA 5-methylcytosine (5mc) level in offspring oocytes. Along with the abovementioned defective parameters, maternal BaP exposure further compromised the embryo developmental competence of offspring oocytes. In summary, our study demonstrated that maternal BaP exposure compromised offspring oocyte maturation and quality. 相似文献
2.
Puja Vijay Parikh 《International journal of environmental health research》2016,26(4):458-466
Environmental chemical exposure could be an important etiologic factor for geographic differences in breast cancer incidence. In this study, we examined emissions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and PM2.5 in relation to breast cancer incidence in metro Atlanta and rural Georgia by analyzing data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program and the Environmental Protection Agency. The results showed that metro Atlanta had a significantly higher age-adjusted annual incidence rate of female breast cancer than rural Georgia (132.6 vs. 113.7 per 100,000) for 1992–2011. Emissions of both PAHs [adjusted β = 0.568 (95 % CI: 0.209, 0.927); p = 0.004] and PM2.5 [adjusted β = 2.964 (95 % CI: 0.468, 5.459); p = 0.023] were significantly associated with breast cancer incidence in metro Atlanta area. This study suggests that ambient air pollution, especially PAHs and PM2.5, could have a significant impact on the increased incidence of female breast cancer in urban areas. 相似文献
3.
Chien-Hua Tseng Ben-Jei Tsuang Chun-Ju Chiang Kai-Chen Ku Jeng-Sen Tseng Tsung-Ying Yang Kuo-Hsuan Hsu Kun-Chieh Chen Sung-Liang Yu Wen-Chung Lee Tsang-Wu Liu Chang-Chuan Chan Gee-Chen Chang 《Journal of thoracic oncology》2019,14(5):784-792
Introduction
For never-smokers (smoked <100 lifetime cigarettes), lung cancer (LC) has emerged as an important issue. We aimed to investigate the effects of prevalence changes in tobacco smoking and particulate matter (PM) 2.5 (PM2.5) levels on LC in Taiwan, in relation to contrasting PM2.5 levels, between Northern Taiwan (NT) and Southern Taiwan (ST).Methods
We reviewed 371,084 patients with LC to assess smoking prevalence and correlations between the incidence of adenocarcinoma lung cancer (AdLC) and non-AdLC. Two subsets were selected to assess different AdLC stage trends and the effect of PM2.5 on survival of patients with AdLC.Results
From 1995 to 2015, the proportion of male adult ever-smokers decreased from 59.4% to 29.9% whereas the female smoking rate remained low (3.2% to 5.3%). AdLC incidence in males and females increased from 9.06 to 23.25 and 7.05 to 24.22 per 100,000 population, respectively. Since 1993, atmospheric visibility in NT improved (from 7.6 to 11.5 km), but deteriorated in ST (from 16.3 to 4.2 km). The annual percent change in AdLC stages IB to IV was 0.3% since 2009 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -1.9%–2.6%) in NT, and 4.6% since 2007 (95% CI: 3.3%–5.8%) in ST; 53% patients with LC had never smoked. Five-year survival rates for never-smokers, those with EGFR wild-type genes, and female patients with AdLC were 12.6% in NT and 4.5% in ST (hazard ratio: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.70–0.90).Conclusions
In Taiwan, greater than 50% of patients with LC had never smoked. PM2.5 level changes can affect AdLC incidence and patient survival. 相似文献4.
Seulkee Heo 《International journal of environmental health research》2015,25(3):330-348
In this study, we estimated the disease burdens attributable to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure in Korean adults in 2010 and analyzed the trend of that from 2005 to 2010. We obtained information on the study population from the 2010 Cause of Death Statistic and estimated the ETS-attributable fraction using data from the Korean Community Health Survey and the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The numbers of ETS-attributable deaths in female and male non-smokers were estimated to be 4.1 and 69.6?% of the numbers of deaths attributable to current smoke, respectively. The deaths attributable to ETS were larger in female than in male non-smokers (710 vs. 420). The ETS-attributable deaths increased slightly in 2005–2008 but decreased in 2009–2010. The number of potential years of life lost from ETS was 9077.24?years in 2010. If there were no exposure to ETS in adult non-smokers, we would expect to see 1130 fewer deaths (9.9?% of the deaths from current smoke). The results suggest that ETS poses considerable disease burdens for non-smokers, especially women, in Korea. 相似文献
5.
《Vaccine》2016,34(50):6316-6322
ObjectiveAir pollution, weather condition and influenza are known risk factors of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) among elderly people. The influenza vaccine (IV) has been shown to reduce major cardiovascular events. The purpose of this study was to compare resistance to air pollution and weather factors causing ACS between vaccinated and less-vaccinated elderly people.MethodsA case–crossover design was applied to 1835 elderly ACS patients who were obtained from the 1-million sample of Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Data with inclusion criteria: (1) the first diagnosis of ACS was in cold season and at age 68 or more, (2) had received the free IV program at least once during the period 3 years before the ACS. They were stratified into two groups: 707 had received flu vaccinations for all the 3 years and the remaining 1128 had not. The measurements of air pollutants, temperature, and humidity corresponding to each of the 3 days prior to the ACS diagnosis date were retrieved from the data banks of the Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration and Central Weather Bureau.FindingsIncreases in air pollution concentrations of CO, NO2, PM10 or PM2.5 and decreases in temperature significantly influenced the risk of ACS for the non-continuously vaccinated elderly population; however, less significant effects were observed for the continuously vaccinated population.ConclusionConsecutive influenza vaccination may potentially offer resistance against the detrimental effects of air pollution and changes in temperature in frail elderly adults with ACS. Future studies are needed to directly assess the interaction effect between the vaccination and environmental factors on ACS. 相似文献
6.
7.
松花江汞污染治理后沿江渔民发汞调查 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
调查结果表明,沿江渔民发汞均值为2.25μg/g,与对照点相比差异显著(P<0.01),其中扶余一松江段渔民发汞均值2.54μg/g,高于其他各江段;30~40岁年龄组渔民发汞值超过正常值者占45%,比其他各年龄组多;在调查的1195人中有25名发汞值超过10μg/g,其中18人发甲基汞含量超过5μg/g。 相似文献
8.
蛭弧菌与微生物污染的相互关系探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文在实验室条件下动态观察了蛭弧菌含量与微生物污染的相互关系。结果表明:蛭弧菌含量的增加滞后于水体污染,而污染过后蛭弧菌则可在较长时间内维持较高水平,这一特性在水污染指示中的可能作用值得进一步探讨。 相似文献
9.
白洋淀上游蓄污工程沿岸地下水污染状况及对居民健康影响的调查 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
(Investig ative Group on Hygienic Status of Drinking Water in Bai Yang Dian Hebei Province) 《环境与健康杂志》1994,11(1):3-5
白洋淀污染一直是国家和河北省所关注的问题,对白洋淀上游蓄污工程沿岸小环境调查表明;饮用深层地下水受到城市工业废水的污染,主要污染物为有机物。污染区儿童贫血率、白细胞计数、舒张压高于非污染区,白细胞吞噬率低于非污染区,居民恶性肿瘤标化死亡比高于非污染区,肝癌标化死亡比明显上升。 相似文献
10.
A. BACCARELLI† A. ZANOBETTI I. MARTINELLI‡ P. GRILLO† L. HOU§ S. GIACOMINI† M. BONZINI† G. LANZANI¶ P. M. MANNUCCI‡ P. A. BERTAZZI† J. SCHWARTZ 《Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis》2007,5(2):252-260
BACKGROUND: Consistent evidence has indicated that air pollution increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases. The underlying mechanisms linking air pollutants to increased cardiovascular risk are unclear. OBJECTIVES: We investigated the association between the pollution levels and changes in such global coagulation tests as the prothrombin time (PT) and the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) in 1218 normal subjects from the Lombardia Region, Italy. Plasma fibrinogen and naturally occurring anticoagulant proteins were also evaluated. METHODS: Hourly concentrations of particulate (PM10) and gaseous pollutants (CO, NO2, SO2, and O3) were obtained from 53 monitoring sites covering the study area. Generalized additive models were applied to compute standardized regression coefficients controlled for age, gender, body mass index, smoking, alcohol, hormone use, temperature, day of the year, and long-term trends. RESULTS: The PT became shorter with higher ambient air concentrations at the time of the study of PM10 (coefficient = -0.06; P < 0.05), CO (coefficient = -0.11; P < 0.001) and NO2 (coefficient =-0.06; P < 0.05). In the 30 days before blood sampling, the PT was also negatively associated with the average PM(10) (coefficient = -0.08; P < 0.05) and NO2 (coefficient = -0.08; P < 0.05). No association was found between the APTT and air pollutant levels. In addition, no consistent relations with air pollution were found for fibrinogen, antithrombin, protein C and protein S. CONCLUSIONS: This investigation shows that air pollution is associated with changes in the global coagulation function, suggesting a tendency towards hypercoagulability after short-term exposure to air pollution. Whether these changes contribute to trigger cardiovascular events remains to be established. 相似文献