Effect of textile waste water on the spermatogenesis of male albino rats

Textile waste water released from dyeing and printing industries situated in Sanganer, Jaipur (India), brought about inhibition of spermatogenesis in male rats. Water analysis showed the presence of heavy metals at more than permissible limits. Oral administration of waste water to the rats at the dose level of 26.6 ml kg(-1) body wt. significantly reduced the weights of testes, epididymides and seminal vesicle. Treated animals showed a notable depression of various stages of spermatogenesis. The production of spermatids was inhibited by 70.8% in waste-water-treated rats. The populations of spermatogonia, preleptotene spermatocytes and secondary spermatocytes were decreased by 67.2, 71.1 and 73.2%, respectively. The total number of Sertoli cells was affected after waste water treatment. Reduced sperm count and motility resulted in treated groups. A significant fall in the content of various biochemical parameters of reproductive tissues was observed after water treatment.     

恒河猴精索内注射长效普鲁卡因后对睾丸和附睾影响的实验研究

在13只恒河猴精索内注射长效普鲁卡因后睾丸发生明显变化,给药剂量不同,睾丸曲精小管生精细胞改变的程度和恢复正常的时间亦不同。睾丸间质细胞无明显变化,睾酮分泌不减少,无毒性反应。对临床节育应用及生殖理论研究均具有重要价值。     

大鼠附睾组织镉中毒及防护机制的研究进展

镉是一种具有慢性毒害的重金属,生殖系统对其毒性最敏感.目前研究认为存在四种关于作用机理的假设:血管系统损伤、酶谱改变、雄性激素失调和脂质过氧化.该文阐述了镉对大鼠附睾组织的毒性作用以及各种可能的防护、拮抗机制.     

实验性精索静脉曲张大鼠附睾组织重量和IL—1的变化

目的：为研究精索静脉曲张（varicocele,VC)对大鼠附睾组织重量和IL－1的影响。方法：以Wistar雄性大鼠为实验对象，采用部分结扎左肾静脉及左髂总静脉之间的交通支，造成大鼠VC模型。实验分手术结扎组（A组，n=30)和手术非结扎组（B组，n=20)。结果：A组左侧附睾重量和IL－1含量均显著高于B组左侧附睾（P＜0．01），而A组右侧附睾与B组右侧附睾重量和IL－1含量比较无差异（P＞0．05）。结论：VC时附睾重量、IL－1变化，可能是造成VC时附睾损伤、精子生成障碍甚至不育的原因。     

大鼠附睾上皮细胞的体外培养与研究

目的：对体外培养的大鼠附睾上皮细胞进行动态观察与鉴定,了解体外条件下精子与附睾上皮细胞共同培养后精子活动力的变化。方法：用酶消化法对大鼠附睾上皮细胞进行培养,观察与体尾部上皮细胞复合培养的精子鞭毛摆动与前向直线运动能力变化的情况。结果：培养的细胞呈多角形态并保持其形态１２ｄ以上;电镜证实细胞表面存在微绒毛,有丰富的滑面内质网;复合培养的精子运动能力明显增加。结论：体外条件下培养的细胞具有明显上皮细胞特征,精子在复合培养后,能逐渐获得授精所必需的运动能力,从而达到功能的成熟     

Sperm of Galeorhinus galeus (Elasmobranchii,Triakidae) Traverse an Excurrent Duct System Characterized by Pronounced Regionalization: A Scanning Electron and Light Microscopy Study

The transport and subsequent maturation of spermatozoa in the vertebrate excurrent duct require the creation of a series of biochemically defined luminal milieus along the length of the duct. Such specialization is accomplished, among others, by changes in the epididymal histoarchitecture. Here we show that the intratesticular and extratesticular genital ducts of mating Galeorhinus galeus exhibit pronounced regionalization both in terms of epithelial histology and lumen diameter size. Findings also reveal distinct differences in the manner in which the spermatozoa were found in each segment of the duct. Novel scanning electron microscopy evidence is presented showing that the wide lumen ductuli epididymides, which ultimately convey the spermatozoa to the proximal epididymis, show functional specialization as well. The wall of the former consisted of cuboidal ciliated and nonciliated cells whose spatial arrangement in the duct wall resulted in a luminal surface showing lengthy rows of cilia‐free areas, with each row bordered on both sides by a single row of cilia. The proximal epididymis comprised several subregions whose epithelial histology varied widely. The distal epididymis and ampulla of the epididymis possessed many fingerlike projections and transverse septa, respectively. As the main storage site for spermatozoa, the ampulla completed the bundling of spermatozoa into spermatozeugmata. These were circular sperm masses in which the heads of the spermatozoa were aligned side by side and embedded in a seminal matrix, while their tails extended outward. These findings of pronounced regionalization differ greatly from the rather uniform epididymal histology seen in some rays. Anat Rec, 298:1938–1949, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Protective role of vitamin A in the male reproductive toxicity of Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) in the rat

The reproductive toxicity of the organochlorine insecticide, hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), was investigated in male albino rats fed diet free of vitamin A or containing vitamin A at 2000 or 100,000 IU/kg diet. Diets containing 1000 ppm HCH for 7 weeks did not cause testicular toxicity in the vitamin-A-defecient and supplemented rats. However, reproductive toxicity was clearly manifested 2 weeks after withdrawing HCH from the diets and was more pronounced in the vitamin A deficient rats compared to their vitamin A supplemented counterparts. Reduction in the testicular weights was accompanied by atrophy of epididymides and seminal vesicles in the vitamin A deficient rats alone. Inhibition of spermatogenesis was further confirmed by decreased sperm count in the epididymis. Biochemically, the activities of the steroidogenic enzymes were drastically reduced. Supplementation of vitamin A after withdrawal of HCH accelerated the recovery and] restored spermatogenesis and enzyme activities in the deficient rats. These results demonstrate the greater susceptibility of the male reproductive system to HCH toxicity during vitamin A deficiency and also the protective effect of vitamin A supplementation.     

Sperm Storage Capacity of the Indigenous West African Boar

The sperm reserves in the testis and epididymis of pubertal and adult indigenous West African boars were 4.22 and 4.99 times 10⁹ and 1.81 and 1.92 times 10⁹ respectively and were influenced by age and organ weight ( P < 0.05). Although these values were much less than those of exotic boars of about the same age, distribution in weights and sperm content of both indigenous and exotic boars is similar. However, testicular and epididymal sperm reserves were unrelated ( r = 0.19, P > 0.05) indicating that sperm storage capacity was still developing.     

鹿藿水提物抗雄性小鼠生育作用及化学成分初步分析

目的：研究鹿藿根水溶物的抗生育作用。方法：100只雄性小鼠分为5组即生理盐水对照组，雷公藤多苷对照组，水溶物低、中、高剂量组。水溶物各组浓度分别为0．25％、1％、4％。每次0.1ml／l0g，灌胃，每天1次，连续给药，共11周。在给药2周及10周后，一对一雌雄合笼交配1周。分笼10天后杀雌鼠，观察妊娠率、活胎数、死胎数。11周后杀雄性小鼠观察附睾精子，附睾及睾丸病理变化情况及血清睾酮含量测定。结果：水溶物低中高剂量组的小鼠妊娠率抑制率2周后分别为30％、75％、80％，10周后分别50％、90％、90％。与生理盐水对照组相比，用药3、7、11周后实验各组附睾管中精子数量明显减少。组织学观察鹿藿根水溶物不影响精原细胞、初级精母细胞，但可减少精子细胞、精子的数量。生理盐水对照组，雷公藤多苷对照组，水溶物低、中、高剂量组的抗精子发生效应积分分别0，5．3，1．2，2．1，2．5。结论：鹿藿根水溶物有抗生育作用。     

人工诱导大鼠精索静脉曲张对睾丸和附睾超微结构的影响

通过左侧精索静脉主干结扎和左肾静脉部分结扎诱导SD大鼠精索静脉曲张成功后,利用透射电子显微镜对其睾丸,附睾的超微结构进行了研究。结果表明:精索静脉曲张所致睾丸、附睾超微结构的改变为双侧性。最常见的病变为支持细胞滑面内质网扩张或形成空泡;还常见到精子细胞核内基质空化,核膜破裂,线粒体鞘局部缺损。附睾柱状上皮细胞静纤毛稀少、局部缺乏。证实了支持细胞异常为导致生精细胞发育终止和过早释放的重要原因;也为附睾在精索静脉曲张源性不育中的作用提供了重要的形态学基础。