新型冠状病毒肺炎中医认识初探

新型冠状病毒肺炎中医属"寒湿疫"范畴,以湿邪为病机核心,以肺为病位中心,以脾胃盛衰为疾病进退的关键。治疗与预防调护方面,急性期,卫气同调,宜宣清和化;恢复期,肺脾同治,宜清补轻宣,注重饮食、情志调摄;谨慎使用抗病毒、抗生素、激素及液体疗法。     

Risk factors for wheezing in Ukrainian children: Ukraine European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood Group

The prevalence of wheezing in children varies widely around the world. The reasons for this geographic variability remain unclear but may be related in part to exposures in the home environment during pregnancy and early childhood. We investigated the prenatal and early childhood risk factors for wheezing symptoms among 2127 children aged 6–8 years who were participants in the Ukrainian component of the European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood (ELSPAC). Cases included the 169 children whose parents answered yes to the International Study of Asthma and Allergy in Children (ISAAC) question: 'Has your child had wheezing or whistling in the chest in the past 12 months' during the ELSPAC assessment of the children at age 7. These were compared with the 1861 children in the cohort whose parents answered 'no' to this question.
Factors significantly associated with increased risk of wheezing illness at age 7 in adjusted analyses included mother's asthma [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 3.46, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.22, 9.85]; mother's allergy problems (OR 1.43, [1.00, 2.05]); rarely playing with other children at age 3 (OR 1.84, [1.09, 3.11]); water intrusion (OR 1.62, [1.09, 2.39]) and inadequate heating of the home (OR 1.52, [1.06, 2.16]) during pregnancy. Factors protective of wheezing at age 7 included being first-born (adjusted OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.50, 0.98); living in the city of Dniprodzerzynsk as compared with Kyiv (OR 0.36, [0.24, 0.54]) and weekly contact with furry animals (OR 0.44, [0.20, 0.97]) before age 3. The constellation of risk factors for wheezing in Ukrainian children is similar to that of children in other parts of the world. Known risk factors do not account for the significant between-city variability of wheezing in Ukrainian children.     

Preventive Measures in Mite Asthma

To evaluate the effect of preventive measures 46 patients, all allergic to house-dust mites (Dermatophagoides spp.), were randomly allocated to a study and a control group. According to the patients' subjective recordings of symptom score and use of medicine, compared with the control group, the study group had improved. There was, however, no improvement when comparing the objective recordings of morning and evening peak flow and use of medicine, and it is concluded that the preventive measures in this programme are not very effective for patients allergic to house-dust mites. The reduction in indoor humidity in the study group was limited and, as a high indoor humidity is the cause of huge populations of house-dust mites in homes, it is emphasized that future programmes of preventive measures should focus more on damp problems, particularly those related to bad housing construction.     

基于“同病异治”原则治疗类风湿性关节炎中药的研究进展

类风湿性关节炎是一种常见的慢性自身免疫性复杂疾病, 病因尚不明确, 治疗困难, 国内常以传统中医药手段将其辨证分型, 遵循“同病异治”的原则对其进行治疗。中医药辨证治疗类风湿性关节炎历史悠久, 效果显著, 同时中药方剂多靶点、多成分的特点使其更有效的缓解各自适应证患者的炎症症状。近年来传统中医药与西医的关联日渐加深, 西医技术与手段在中药治疗 RA 上的广泛应用, 不仅使 RA 不同证型的差异更加清晰, 中医辨病更加准确, 更在针对类风湿性关节炎适应证的中药方剂在临床、药效、生物学与治疗机制方面的研究取得了较大进展。文章基于中医“同病异治” “辨证分型”的原则, 对治疗类风湿性关节炎代表方剂与其研究进展进行综述。     

外用湿敷汤治疗皮损严重的各种皮肤病178例

目的观察外用湿敷汤治疗皮损严重的皮肤病的疗效.方法对178例病历进行临床总结及分析.结果有效率98.88%,治愈率84.83%.结论外用湿敷汤治疗皮损严重的各种皮肤病疗效好,值得推广.     

中医辨证论治痤疮84例

目的:观察中医辨证论治痤疮的临床疗效及安全性。方法:选择本院2012年1月—2013年12月诊治的168例痤疮患者为研究对象,随机分为对照组和观察组各84例。对照组采用维生素B6、罗红霉素和外用擦剂等方法治疗,观察组运用中药方剂治疗,两组患者均以15 d为1个疗程,治疗2个疗程后对其疗效与安全性进行评价。结果:观察组有效率为95.2%,对照组有效率为83.3%,观察组有效率明显高于对照组,差异显著(P0.05);观察组的雄激素受体水平为(19.8±3.8)mg,明显低于对照组的(28.4±8.9)mg,差异显著(P0.05);观察组不良反应发生率也明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:中医辨证论治痤疮不仅临床疗效显著,安全可靠,而且能够美容养颜,提高患者的生活质量。     

基于中医临床证候探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎在岭南地区的疫性特点

目的:通过分析广东省第二人民医院收治的新型冠状病毒肺炎(以下简称新冠肺炎)患者的临床资料,从中医临床证候探讨该病在岭南地区的疫性特点,更好地指导临床辨证治疗。方法:收集广东省第二人民医院收治的36例新冠肺炎患者的临床资料,其中输入病例20例,本地病例16例,分析全部病例、输入病例和本地病例的临床资料和证候特点。结果:新冠肺炎患者年龄分布较广,平均年龄45岁,以男性居多,55.56%的患者为外地输入病例,44.44%的患者为本地感染病例。全部病例证型以湿邪郁肺型和邪热壅肺型为主,分别占44.44%和38.89%;91.67%的患者呈现“湿”的病理特点,72.22%的患者呈现“热”的病理特点。其中输入病例证型以湿邪郁肺型为主,占65.00%,100%的患者呈现“湿”的病理特点,55.00%呈现“热”的病理特点;本地病例证型以邪热壅肺为主,占56.25%,93.75%的患者呈现“热”的病理特点,81.25%呈现“湿”的病理特点。结论:本次疫病在岭南地区的疫性属于以湿邪和热邪为主导的“湿热疫”,病机特点为湿热并重;输入性病例多表现为以湿邪为患的“湿疫”,有化热的趋势和倾向,病机特点为湿重于热;本地病例多表现为以热邪为主的“温热疫”,病机特点为热重于湿。此次新冠肺炎不同地区存在不同疫性的可能,辨证和治疗要遵守三因制宜的原则。     

湿疫源流及治则治法主方考

中医将具有强烈传染性、流行性的疾病称之为疫病,病因为感受疫疠邪气所致,归属于温病范畴。根据疫病的临床症候及病因属性,目前主要分为湿热类和温热类疫病。文中归纳整理湿疫的相关文献,认为湿疫为感受湿邪为主的疫疠毒邪,由口鼻而入。因湿疫病因固定,具有明显的传变规律的阶段性,可以分为初期、进展期、极期、恢复期阶段。凝练了湿疫的诊断要点,提出不同阶段的治疗原则和常用方证。在治疗的不同阶段始终要围绕湿疫毒邪的祛除,同时湿疫初期,湿疫毒邪伏于膜原,虽有类似表证,但不能给予辛温发汗,必须芳香涤秽化浊、疏利气机,着眼于邪气的透达,促使湿热分消走泄,即吴又可所谓的促邪溃败之意。湿疫临床特点依然不能脱离湿热范畴,临床存在正局、变局之分,湿遏热伏,热得湿则郁遏而不宣,故愈炽,存在极易入营、逆传心包、横逆肝肾等变局,导致病情急剧加重,需要引起临床重视。因此提出治疗上,初期注重芳香涤秽化浊、疏利气机、透邪外达,湿疫化热后,要警惕变局,重视解毒凉血活血法的应用。同时湿疫治肺、着眼于祛邪的治疗思想要贯穿始终。     

基于关联规则研究五味温通除痹胶囊对类风湿关节炎寒湿证患者的影响

目的:研究五味温通除痹胶囊对类风湿关节炎寒湿证患者免疫炎症指标的影响。方法:整理2018年12月至2019年6月安徽中医药大学第一附属医院类风湿关节炎寒湿证住院患者的病例资料。根据是否使用五味温通除痹胶囊将患者分为治疗组(五味温通除痹胶囊+中药)73例,对照组(单纯中药)317例。分析患者的免疫及炎症指标。结果:①2组患者在性别、年龄方面比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。②治疗后,2组超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、类风湿因子(RF)等指标均降低(P<0.05);而治疗组在改善hs-CRP、抗环瓜氨酸肽抗体、免疫球蛋白M方面优于对照组(P<0.05)。③关联规则分析显示,hs-CRP、RF、补体C3等指标的改善均与五味温通除痹胶囊有较强关联,且联合丹参、桂枝等中药指标的改善明显优于单纯中成药。结论:五味温通除痹胶囊能有效改善类风湿关节炎寒湿证患者免疫炎症指标,且联合中药内服与指标的改善存在明显关联关系。     

新型冠状病毒(COVID-19)感染性肺炎现代中医诊疗建议方案与探讨

自2019年12月以来,以我国湖北武汉地区为中心,以人群集散辐射传播为特点,全国各地病例陆续出现增加。疫情发源地罹患患者早期以身热不扬、干咳气促、身楚乏力为主要症状,以脉濡缓、舌苔厚腻、胸部X线检查显示炎性反应性改变为特征的新型冠状病毒(COVID-19)感染性肺炎为主的新型传染病。疫情传入地的患者早期症状由于地域的不同,有所差异。各地传统中医、现代医学先后集体或个人出台了相关诊疗方法和建议方案。作为现代中医,按照习近平主席:“遵循中医发展规律,传承精华,守正创新”和“中西并重”的指示精神。为规范这一新型传染病“瘟疫”的认知和诊疗,综合相关资料,根据疫情演变规律,结合个人经验与体会,特此探讨COVID-19感染性肺炎的诊疗建议方案。