El Tor型霍乱弧菌L型的某些生物学性状

本研究主要对El Tor型霍乱弧菌(Vibrio cholerae biotvpe eltor,EVC)L型的某些生物学特性如生化反应、抗生素敏感性及超微结构等进行了探讨.研究发现EVC不稳定L型的生化性状与EVC流行株的非常相似,而稳定L型则变化很大.抗生素敏感性试验显示EVC稳定L型对某些作用于细胞壁的抗生素的敏感性减弱,而对大多数作用于蛋白质合成的抗生素的敏感性增强.与流行株相比,EVC稳定L型和不稳定L型的超微结构的改变很明显.此外,本文还讨论了产生这些改变的可能机制.     

Comparative proteomic analysis of Vibrio cholerae O139, O22, O155 and El Tor biotype epidemic strains

Cholera ,as one of the most severe epidemic dis-eases inthe world,can occurin a short time ,andspread quicklyto a wide region.Until 1992 ,onlyV.choleraeserogroup O1 was recognized as thecause of epidemic cholera . However in October1992 ,a major outbreak of a cholera-like illnesscaused by a newserogroupstrain ofV.choleraee-mergedinIndia and Bangladesh.In contrast to allpreviously reported non-O1 strains , which induceonly sporadic cases of human diarrhea without epi-demic potential ,the new…     

Influence of Various Immunomodulators on the Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Lewis Rats

The effect of various immunomodulators on the induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is evaluated in the Lewis rat. Bordetella pertussis (BP) is the optimal inductor of EAE in this rat strain. Treatment of the animals with BP either before or after or simultaneously with guinea-pig spinal cord preparation (GpSC) resulted in an EAE about two weeks thereafter. Additional injection of living BCG, of CFA, IFA (incomplete Freund's adjuvant) or Vibrio cholerae neuraminidase (VCN) did not augment or mitigate the effect induced by BP or GpSC. Living BCG, IFA, VCN or Corynebacterium parvum (CP) did not induce EAE when given in combination with GpSC but without BP. CFA combined with GpSC only occasionally induced EAE. However, EAE could be induced by the combination of CFA and GpSC or IFA and GpSC in a part of the animals tested if they had been pretreated or simultaneously been injected with living BCG by intravenous route. EAE could not be enhanced by the additional injection of VCN. Surprisingly, most of the animals peracutely died after injection of CFA and BP in combination with GpSC when they had been pretreated with CP. This effect was most pronounced when pretreatment was done on day -4. No acute effect could be seen when CP was given simultaneously to CFA, BP and GpSC. Animals which did not peracutely succumb developed EAE similarly as those in the positive control groups. CP treatment simultaneously with BP but without CFA resulted in a reduction of the EAE specific mortality. This reduction could not be seen if treatment with CP was done after injection of GpSC and BP.     

滕州市致病性弧菌检测报告

报道了1995年以来,滕州市致病性弧菌种类、分,布等病原学检测情况。共检疑似霍乱病人粪便1562人份,检出致病性弧菌127株,检出率为8．13％,其中非01群霍乱弧菌居首位83株占65．35％,其次为麦氏弧菌13株占10．4％,溶藻弧菌11株,河弧菌9株,副溶血弧菌6株,弗尼期弧菌5株。83株非01群霍乱弧菌可分型占61株,分布8个血清型,定型率为73．49％,127株致病性弧菌产类霍乱肠毒素（G）47株占37．00％,以非01群霍乱弧菌产生类CT所占比例为最高,从而说明它在毒力和致病性方面占有重要地位。     

霍乱弧菌LPS诱导小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞产生TNF的研究

本研究采用霍乱弧菌古典生物型５６９Ｂ菌株及ＥＩ-Ｔｏｒ生物型菌株，以Ｗｅｓｔｐｈａｌ的热酚-水法及高速离心等方法提取ＬＰＳ，血凝法测其效价，并比较不同菌株的ＬＰＳ刺激小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞产生ＴＮＦ的情况。实验表明５６９Ｂ菌株ＬＰＳ血凝效价较高，诱导小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞产生ＴＮＦ的能力较强。     

2005年上海市霍乱弧菌菌株表型及ctxA毒力基因分析

目的：分析本市2005年不同来源01群和0139群霍乱弧菌菌株表型和ctxA毒力基因特征。方法：以PCR方法，对所有菌株进行ctxA毒力基因检测。采用WHO推荐的改良K—B纸片法，对所有菌株均进行了12种抗菌药物的药敏试验。结果：从病人和外环境中分离出的0139群霍乱弧菌均为产毒株；从病人中分离出的01群霍乱弧菌流行株均产毒，外环境中分离出的非流行株少数也产毒。0139群霍乱弧菌菌株耐药谱较01群霍乱弧菌菌株广；两者对氨苄青霉素、强力霉素、庆大霉素、复方新诺明、利福平耐药率有显著差异。结论：本市2005年霍乱的流行株都是产毒株，但产毒株不一定是流行株。药敏结果显示，对01群和0139群霍乱弧菌应采取不同抗菌治疗，0139群霍乱弧菌多重耐药应引起重视。     

霍乱弧菌04-5a糖发酵激活蛋白编码基因分析

目的 比较霍乱弧菌04-5a株糖发酵激活蛋白编码基因与霍乱流行株与非流行株相关序列的差异,明确其基因型.方法 采用基因克隆测序方法,对霍乱弧菌04-5a株糖发酵激活蛋白编码基因进行序列分析,并与相关序列进行比较.结果 霍乱弧菌04-5a株糖发酵激活蛋白编码基因由771个碱基对组成,编码258个氨基酸的多肽,流行株和非流行株相关序列比较发现,04-5a株与流行株两者基因完全相同,与非流行株在334、622和666位核苷酸碱基的具有差异,第666位碱基的差异导致了氨基酸的不同,在非流行株与流行株分别为丙氨酸与苏氨酸.结论 霍乱弧菌04-5a株糖发酵激活蛋白编码基因序列符合流行株基因特征,在非流行株与流行株第666位碱基差异可能与其致病性及流行有关,值得深入研究.     

Efficient responses to host and bacterial signals during Vibrio cholerae colonization

Vibrio cholerae, the microorganism responsible for the diarrheal disease cholera, is able to sense and respond to a variety of changing stimuli in both its aquatic and human gastrointestinal environments. Here we present a review of research efforts aimed toward understanding the signals this organism senses in the human host. V. cholerae’s ability to sense and respond to temperature and pH, bile, osmolarity, oxygen and catabolite levels, nitric oxide, and mucus, as well as the quorum sensing signals produced in response to these factors will be discussed. We also review the known quorum sensing regulatory pathways and discuss their importance with regard to the regulation of virulence and colonization during infection.     

河南省某一淡水养殖环节中非O1/O139群霍乱弧菌毒力基因及分子分型分析

目的 了解河南省淡水养殖环节中非O1/O139群霍乱弧菌毒力基因分布及分子分型情况。方法 对河南省淡水养殖环节中50株非O1/O139群霍乱弧菌和3株病人来源菌株进行全基因测序,利用PubMLST-Vc数据库分析其序列分型(ST),利用最小生成树关系图分析进化关系,通过VFDB数据库获得其毒力基因分布。结果 来源于淡水养殖环节和来源于病人的非O1/O139群霍乱弧菌53株菌株均具有黏附、趋化运动、抗吞噬、毒素及酶类等功能的8类毒力相关因子基因,缺失辅助定植、毒素共调、分泌等功能的毒力相关因子基因和副霍乱肠毒素等4个毒素基因。部分毒力相关因子或部分菌株的毒力相关因子毒力基因不全。与3株来源于病人的菌株相比,二者毒力因子基因携带情况相近,除MSHA Ⅳ型菌毛毒力因子mshA基因、荚膜多糖wbuB基因、wbfY基因、rmlB基因、血红素受体hutA基因及Ⅲ型分泌系统vscC2和vcrD2基因外,部分菌株二者携带相同的毒力因子基因。53株非O1/O139群霍乱弧菌分属19个ST型,ST4和ST5是优势ST型,养殖环节来源的菌株与病人来源的菌株分属不同的ST型。19个ST型等位基因位点变异差异数在1~7个,其中分离自淡水养殖环节的非O1/O139群霍乱弧菌菌株17个ST型等位基因位点变异差异数在1~7个,病人来源的非O1/O139群霍乱弧菌菌株2个ST型与分离自淡水养殖环节的非O1/O139群霍乱弧菌菌株ST1、ST2、ST6和ST10属同一簇,与ST1有6个等位基因位点存在差异。结论 河南省淡水养殖环节非O1/O139群霍乱弧菌菌株MLST分型多样化,携带多种毒力相关因子,不同来源菌株携带的毒力基因相同,虽然分属不同的ST型,但还是存在食品安全风险,提醒有关部门采取措施进行防控。