动画在制药化工原理教学中的应用

在制药化工原理过程教学中，采用Flash动画展现各种单元操作的基本原理，设备的外形结构及其运行过程，增强了教学的趣味性，培养了学生的工程观念，进而提高了学生的工程实践能力。     

The comprehension of humorous materials by adolescents with high-functioning autism and Asperger's syndrome

This study investigated the ability of adolescents with Asperger's syndrome or high-functioning autism and an age-matched group of typical adolescents to comprehend humorous materials. The analysis of humor focused on picking funny endings for cartoons and jokes. As expected, the adolescents with autism had significantly poorer comprehension of cartoons and jokes. Both groups had more difficulty with the joke than the cartoon task, but when compared with the typical group, the adolescents with autism performed significantly poorer. Examination of the error patterns revealed that subjects with autism had difficulty handling surprise and coherence within humorous narratives.     

“Nursing students’ experiences with concept cartoons as an active learning strategy for developing conceptual understanding in anatomy and physiology: A mixed-method study”

AimThe aim of this study was to explore bachelor-level nursing students’ experiences with concept cartoons as an active learning strategy and formative assessment to develop conceptual understanding in anatomy and physiology (A&P).BackgroundMany first-year nursing students struggle to understand central concepts in A&P. Concept cartoons–cartoon characters proposing scientifically acceptable statements and misconceptions combined with an illustration–might facilitate active learning in lectures, overcome misconceptions and promote deep learning. Voting on the most precise statement using a student response system gives formative information about the students’ conceptual understanding.DesignParallel mixed methods design with an emphasis on a qualitative approach.MethodsNine concept cartoons were developed based on former students’ written answers to exam items and applied in lectures at three universities/university colleges. Qualitative data of students’ experiences were collected in three focus group interviews during November 2019, one focus group at each of the three universities/university colleges (n = 5, 8 and 8). A short questionnaire was also applied (n = 343) to all students at the three universities/university colleges. Qualitative data were analysed using qualitative content analyses, whereas frequency analysis and Chi-square statistics were applied for the quantitative data. The study was approved by the Norwegian Centre for Research Data, ref. 779586.ResultsQualitative data analysis indicated that the use of concept cartoons addresses different learning styles and could promote deep learning and enhance the environment for learning. The concept cartoons were also seen as valuable for examination preparation. Regarding potential improvements, more information about concept cartoons, how they were developed and how they were supposed to be used would be beneficial, and the cartoons could be used in a more time-efficient manner during lectures. Quantitative data indicated that most of the students thought that concept cartoons were useful and inspiring in learning A&P, and they would recommend further use to increase their understanding of central concepts. There were no significant differences across sex, age, or entrance qualifications when it comes to the benefits of using concept cartoons in learning A&P. Compared to students born in Scandinavia, a larger proportion of students born outside Scandinavia found the use of concept cartoons inspiring for their learning in A&P.ConclusionsThe use of concept cartoons was appreciated by the students to develop a conceptual understanding in A&P. Most students recommended future use.Registration number: At point of submission put this on title pageTweetable abstract: Concept cartoons are appreciated as an active learning strategy and formative assessment in developing nursing students’ conceptual understanding of anatomy and physiology.     

Preschoolers' Judgments Regarding Realistic and Cartoon-based Moral Transgressions in the US

This study was designed to evaluate young children's informational assumptions about realistic and cartoon-based moral transgressions. Seventy-two urban US preschoolers were presented with drawings of transgressions, such as hitting, pushing, stealing, and failing to share. Preschoolers were asked whether the transgressions were permissible and deserved punishment, and to assess the severity or level of harm caused by the transgression and punishment warranted. Preschoolers judged cartoon-based transgressions as having a more serious impact on an individual's well-being than realistic transgressions. The results attest to young children's ability to evaluate the impropriety of transgressions and their punishing consequences in realistic and cartoon-based contexts, which were found to be independent of the amount of television the children watched or their ability to differentiate between reality and fantasy. The results of the study ultimately have implications for what children may learn from exposure to transgressions in media, especially on the television screen.     

Gender Differences in Depictions of Social and Physical Aggression in Children's Television Cartoons in the US

The main purpose of this study was to explore gender differences in depictions of social and physical aggression in children's television cartoons. With the knowledge that boys tend to commit physical aggression more than girls and that girls tend to perpetrate social aggression more than boys, it was expected that these gender differences in aggression type would be reflected in the cartoons. A content analysis of cartoons appearing on Cartoon Network, Nickelodeon, and Toon Disney was conducted. The findings showed that acts of physical aggression were more likely to be carried out by male characters, whereas acts of social aggression were more likely to be committed by female characters. Both the perpetrators and receivers of physical and social aggression tended to be children or teen characters, rather than adult characters. For a majority of the aggressive acts, immediate retribution or a defensive response did not result.     

Communicating Information to Patients: The Use of Cartoon Illustrations to Improve Comprehension of Instructions

Objective: To evaluate the effect of cartoon illustrations on patient comprehension of and compliance with ED release instructions.
Methods: A prospective, randomized, controlled study of consecutive patients who presented to the ED of a community teaching hospital with lacerations necessitating wound repair during a three-month study period. At ED release, the patients were randomly assigned to receive wound care instructions with or without cartoon illustrations. Three days later, the patients were followed up by telephone. A blinded investigator asked a series of questions designed to test the patient's recall of, understanding of, and compliance with wound care instructions.
Results: A total of 234 patients were successfully contacted by telephone; 105 (45%) had been given ED release instructions with cartoons, 129 (55%), without cartoons. There was no significant difference in age, gender, level of education, or satisfaction with the ED visit between the two groups. The patients given cartoon instructions were more likely to have read the instructions (98% vs 79%, p < 0. 001), were more likely to answer all wound care questions correctly (46% vs 6%, p < 0. 001), and were more compliant with daily wound care (77% vs 54%, p < 0. 01). Subset analysis of those patients who had less than a high school education ( n = 57) demonstrated even larger differences between the two treatment groups in terms of comprehension of and compliance with ED release instructions.
Conclusion: Cartoon illustrations are an effective strategy for conveying information and may improve patient compliance with ED release instructions.     

兴趣诱导结合漫画式健康教育对学龄前肺炎雾化吸入患儿治疗依从性的影响

目的:探讨兴趣诱导结合漫画式健康教育对学龄前肺炎雾化吸入患儿治疗依从性的影响。方法:按随机数字表法将2020年8月—2021年8月收治的180例学龄前肺炎患儿分为观察组及对照组各90例,对照组行常规健康指导,观察组实施兴趣诱导结合漫画式健康教育。比较两组患儿雾化吸入技巧掌握情况、治疗依从性、治疗效果、预后情况及患儿家属满意度。结果:观察组患儿雾化吸入技巧掌握率、治疗依从率、治疗有效率高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组不良反应发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组患儿气喘消失时间、肺部湿啰音消失时间、咳嗽消失时间、肺部炎症消失时间、高热消退时间、住院时间短于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组患儿家属护理满意率(包括对健康宣教内容、健康宣教方法、服务态度、患儿配合度、患儿心理支持、护理结果)高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:兴趣诱导结合漫画式健康教育有助于提高学龄前肺炎患儿雾化吸入技巧的掌握及吸入治疗依从性,从而改善患儿临床症状,提高患儿治疗效果及治疗满意度。     

Doc McStuffins and Dora the Explorer: representations of gender,race, and class in US animation

Children are exposed to animated cartoons at an early age, and the gender, class, and race-related messages are likely to be influential in the development of children’s beliefs and attitudes about gender roles, class, and racial groups. Although representations of females and minority children in animated cartoons have improved over the years, stereotypical and racially biased portrayals of females and racial minority groups remain. Using an intersectionality theoretical lens, a textual analysis was conducted to examine the representation of the two current leading, minority female characters in children’s animated cartoons: Doc McStuffins and Dora the Explorer. Character portrayals, stereotypes, challenges to traditional stereotypes, and the intersecting role of race, gender, and class on the representations of the characters are explored in this analysis.     

丰子恺漫画的文学意蕴

丰子恺兼有漫画家和散文家两重身份,其漫画深受文学的影响,具有丰富的文学意蕴。他的漫画有的借用古诗词的意境表现现代生活,反映现代人的思想感情;有的与他的日常生活有密切关系,可与散文互相补充、互相阐发而相得益彰;还有的靠着画题的说明而发挥其效果。抒情性、写实性、画题的重要作用,是构成丰子恺漫画文学意蕴的三个重要因素,这些均得益于他深湛的中国传统文化修养。     

中医药文化传播视角下中医故事双语漫画制作的探索

对中医药文化传播现状以及传播策略进行简要回顾,对漫画在中国传统文化传播中的应用情况进行简要分析和总结,发现将中医药文化与漫画和"互联网+"产业相结合对中医药文化传播具有积极意义及可行性。文章基于中医药文化传播视角,试图创新中医药文化传播形式,探索中医故事双语漫画的制作方法,以期推动中医药文化的国际传播。