顺铂聚乳酸微球的药物释放特性及肝动脉栓塞研究

对顺铂聚乳酸微球进行了体外药物释放和家犬肝动脉栓塞研究。该微球粒径范围为50～200μm,平均粒径为115.76±35.94μm,顺铂含量为37.16%(W/W);体外药物释放机制符合Higuchi方程;肝动脉栓塞后8h,肝组织顺铂浓度高达21.55±12.18μg/g,明显高于肝动脉灌注顺铂组:3.16±0.09μg/g(P<0.05);肝动脉栓塞组的顺铂血浓峰值、各取血点浓度及曲线下面积AUC皆低于肝动脉灌注顺铂组。可望达到提高栓塞部位的药物疗效,降低全身毒副反应的作用。     

空管药物疗法治疗牙髓病和根尖周病疗效观察

用ＳＭＴＤ复合药物对牙髓病和根尖周病实施空管药物疗法。７８例１０３颗获得完整随访资料患牙经两年观察，９２．２％治愈率。文章介绍了治疗方法，讨论了空管药物疗法的愈合机理、优点、失败原因及其预防措施。     

HLA-A,B,C and DR antigen frequencies in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients with opportunistic infections

During the past three years, an epidemic of acquired immunodeficiency syndromes (AIDS) involving the presence of specific forms of cancer (notably Kaposi's sarcoma) and infection (e.g., pneumocystis carinii) ordinarily seen only in severely immunosuppressed hosts has occurred among active homosexuals, Haitian immigrants, drug users, and hemophiliacs in large cities in the United States and elsewhere. An as yet unidentified viral agent is presumably the cause of the initial immunodeficiency and host genetic factors may influence the subsequent development of different clinical symptoms in different patients. We have previously reported that the HLA antigens DR5 and DR2 are associated with susceptibility to Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) in different Caucasian subpopulations. We now have also noted that AIDS patients with opportunistic infections have a normal frequency of DR2 and DR5 and a significantly increased frequency of DR3 and that the ultimate clinical expression of AIDS in patients with unexplained lymphadenopathy may depend upon genetic factors associated with these particular DR types.     

Electrocortical signs of word categorization in saccade-related brain potentials and visual evoked potentials

Visual evoked potentials (VEPs) elicited by foveal presentation of words were compared to brain potentials evoked by the same words in a condition where subjects had to make a saccadic eye movement in order to perceive the words (saccade-related brain potentials, SRPs). Subjects had to categorize the words responding with a button press to stimuli belonging to the target (infrequent, P = 0.2) category. The VEP and SRP waveforms showed divergences in the early (up to 250 ms) components, but a marked similarity between the late components. Principal Component Analysis also revealed the same relationship between the two types of brain responses. Peak latency of the late SRP components measured from saccade offset showed an apparent processing advantage over the corresponding late components of VEPs. The N3 component, indexing semantic processing of visual patterns, peaked between 310 and 375 ms in the SRPs, while in the VEPs it appeared between 410 and 470 ms. The P4 component, associated with final stimulus evaluation, showed a similar latency benefit in favour of SRPs (420-500 ms vs 530-590 ms in VEPs). The mean reaction time was 74 ms shorter in the eye movement condition (measured from saccade offset) than in the VEP condition (703 vs 777 ms). The question of what kind of processes may contribute to the differences in mean RTs and to the latencies of the late components between the two conditions are discussed. We suggest that the late components (P3, N3 and P4) of the VEP and the SRP, respectively, index identical brain processes.     

Fragilitas ossium (fro/fro) in the mouse: A model for a recessively inherited type of osteogenesis imperfecta

The fragilitas ossium (fro/fro) in the mutation in the mouse has been demonstrated to have clinical, radiographic and morphologic manifestations similar to those which arise in autosomal recessive forms of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) occurring in humans. Approximately 90% of mutant offspring in the mouse were perinatally lethal with clinical and roentgenographic findings similar to those of OI type II subgroup A in humans. The 10% of mutant mice surviving follow a course very similar to severe progressively deforming OI type III. In surviving mice, there is progressive fore-limb and hind-limb bowing in the absence of a high fracture frequency.     

The Follow-Up Study of Skin Reactivity to Recall Antigens and E- and EAC-RFC Profiles in Blood in Asbestos Workers

We have determined cutaneous DTH reactions to SK-SD and PPD and peripheral blood lymphocyte profiles in a group of asbestos workers in two consecutive surveys. It was found that asbestosis and, to a lesser extent, the presence of ANA are significantly correlated with the lack of response to the above antigens. 83% of asbestos workers when tested at a 4 year interval fell into the same two categories of responsiveness (lack of response or response at least to one antigen).The asbestosis cases had lower total lymphocyte count as well as proportions and absolute number of E-RFC as compared to asbestos workers without asbestosis and/or ANA. Furthermore, the latter group showed the lower percentages and absolute number of E-RFC than the matched controls. The presence of ANA is also correlated with lower proportions of E-RFC. However, this is related at least in part to asbestosis.     

Ability of rosetting or non-rosetting individual control and inflammatory macrophages to kill Escherichia coli X43 intracellularly

An autoradiographic method combined with a rosette technique was used to assess the bactericidal activity of individual control and inflammatory peritoneal macrophages (PM phi) in the presence or absence of expression of Fc receptor for IgG (FcR). There was a lack of FcR reactivity in a certain percentage of both categories of PM phi exposed to E. coli X43, a bacterium which is readily phagocytosed in the presence of specific antibody. Both rosetting and non-rosetting PM phi were capable of phagocytosing E. coli X43, but inflammatory PM phi showed a marked reduction in their capacity to ingest these bacteria compared with control PM phi. Once ingested the E. coli X43 were killed equally well by non-rosetting and rosetting control and inflammatory PM phi.     

Prime number variant of concealed trigeminy

A 53-year-old man with myocardial infarction was found to have frequent premature ventricular beats. The predominant pattern was classical concealed trigeminy; i.e., the number of conducted sinus beats, S, between extrasystoles satisfied the equation S = 3n + 2, where "n" is zero or any positive integer. Two other transient patterns also occurred. The first one was characterized by exceptional values of S, which satisfied the equation S = 3n + 3. In the second transient pattern, all values of S fitted the classical equation, but there were singularly absent values; i.e., the "n" in the equation was exclusively an odd number, giving rise to only prime numbers of interectopic conducted sinus beats. It is proposed in this last form that there are two sites of fixed block proximal to a variable distal block in a re-entry loop responsible for the ventricular extrasystoles.     

The combined use of high-performance liquid chromatography and radioimmunoassay for the bioanalysis of nicomorphine and its metabolites

Methods have been developed for the determination of nicomorphine using reversed-phase HPLC with UV detection; for the simultaneous assay of morphine and mononicotinoylmorphine by a coupled normal-phase HPLC-radioimmunoassay method; and for conjugates of morphine and mononicotinoylmorphine by radioimmunoassay. The methods have been evaluated and applied to a pharmacokinetic study of nicomorphine administered intramuscularly.