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1.
目的 研究主、被动最大张口度(AMMO、PMMO)与颞下颌关节强直严重程度的关系。方法 选取28只健康雄性绵羊随机分为实验组和对照组,每组各14只。实验组绵羊双侧颞下颌关节模拟髁突矢状骨折,其中左侧翼外肌被切断以阻断其功能;对照组绵羊未进行手术。于术前及术后12、24周对所有绵羊体重、AMMO、PMMO、颞下颌关节形态学特点进行测量评估。结果 实验组只有右侧保留翼外肌功能的颞下颌关节发生了骨强直。术后12、24周,实验组绵羊AMMO、PMMO、极限距离均显著低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P < 0.05)。实验组绵羊AMMO和PMMO与骨融合区宽度、长度、面积及钙化程度均呈负相关(均P < 0.05),其中骨融合区面积为主要影响因素(术后12、24周相关系数r分别为-0.94、-0.95)。结论 颞下颌关节强直动物模型中阻断翼外肌功能可阻止骨强直的发生;对于早期髁突矢状骨折,可通过牙合垫或牙合板进行张口训练,进而阻断翼外肌功能。当颞下颌关节发生骨强直时,骨融合区面积越大,张口受限越明显。 相似文献
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《International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery》2021,50(11):1422-1428
It is clinically challenging to identify oral leukoplakias that have a high risk of undergoing malignant transformation. The aim of this retrospective study was to elucidate the associations between malignant transformation of oral leukoplakias and various clinicopathologic factors. Patients with a diagnosis of clinical oral leukoplakia, verified through histopathologic examination and with access to digital images of the lesion, were retrospectively included for the period 2003–2013. Using the clinical images, all lesions were re-evaluated regarding diagnosis and clinical subtype. Of the 234 included patients, with a median follow-up of 9 years, 27 (11.5%) developed oral squamous cell carcinoma. Among the clinicopathologic factors investigated, non-homogeneous oral leukoplakia (OL), OL with dysplasia, and OL localized to the tongue showed statistically significant increased rates of malignant transformation in the multivariate Cox regression analysis. Non-homogeneous OL showed a 15.2-times higher transformation rate than homogenous OL (P < 0.001). Dysplastic leukoplakias developed into carcinomas 2.4-times more often than did non-dysplastic leukoplakias (P = 0.048). OL located on the tongue showed a 2.8-times higher malignant transformation rate than OLs at other oral locations (P = 0.018), when other locations were combined into one group. Non-homogeneous OL, OL with dysplasia, and OL localized to the tongue have higher transformation rates. 相似文献
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Eduardo Rodrigues‐Pinto Joel Ferreira‐Silva Guilherme Macedo Douglas K. Rex 《Digestive endoscopy》2019,31(5):583-587
Cecal intubation is a critical aspect of effective, complete colonoscopy. Difficult colonoscopy is most often considered as one in which it is challenging or impossible to reach the cecum. It may be a common occurrence due to patient and/or endoscopist factors. Incomplete colonoscopies should be avoided, since patients in this context present an important prevalence of lesions that escape examination. The approach to successful cecal intubation should depend on characterization of the problem as redundant colon or difficult sigmoid colon. Most patients with a prior incomplete colonoscopy can be colonoscoped successfully, if careful attention is paid to technique, using a variety of scopes, colonoscopy methods and additional equipment. Sufficient time should be allotted to make the attempt. 相似文献
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Yoshiki Imamura Takahiro Shinozaki Akiko Okada‐Ogawa Noboru Noma Masahiro Shinoda Koichi Iwata Akihiko Wada Osamu Abe Kelun Wang Peter Svensson 《Journal of oral rehabilitation》2019,46(6):574-587
Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a chronic oro‐facial pain disorder of unknown cause. It is more common in peri‐ and post‐menopausal women, and sex hormone dysregulation is believed to be an important causative factor. Psychosocial events often trigger or exacerbate symptoms, and persons with BMS appear to be predisposed towards anxiety and depression. Atrophy of small nerve fibres in the tongue epithelium has been reported, and potential neuropathic mechanisms for BMS are now widely investigated. Historically, BMS was thought to comprise endocrinological, psychosocial and neuropathic components. Neuroprotective steroids and glial cell line–derived neurotrophic factor family ligands may have pivotal roles in the peripheral mechanisms associated with atrophy of small nerve fibres. Denervation of chorda tympani nerve fibres that innervate fungiform buds leads to alternative trigeminal innervation, which results in dysgeusia and burning pain when eating hot foods. With regard to the central mechanism of BMS, depletion of neuroprotective steroids alters the brain network–related mood and pain modulation. Peripheral mechanistic studies support the use of topical clonazepam and capsaicin for the management of BMS, and some evidence supports the use of cognitive behavioural therapy. Hormone replacement therapy may address the causes of BMS, although adverse effects prevent its use as a first‐line treatment. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) may have important benefits, and well‐designed controlled studies are expected. Other treatment options to be investigated include brain stimulation and TSPO (translocator protein 18 kDa) ligands. 相似文献