Prevalence of proximal tibia vara in Indonesian population with knee osteoarthritis

BackgroundProximal tibia vara has drawn interest since the concept of constitutional varus was introduced. Proximal tibia vara is a condition where the knee varus tilt the tibia condyle medially and shift the tibial articular surface medially. This condition affects medial proximal tibial angle measurements and the placement of the tibial implant in knee replacement surgery. Thus, it challenged the neutral knee arthroplasty alignment target because some people may present a proximal tibia vara. This study assesses the prevalence of the proximal tibia vara and the correlation to knee osteoarthritis grade.MethodsThis retrospective study was carried out from January 2021 to June 2021. Eighty-five limbs were included with the following inclusion criteria: knee osteoarthritis patients who received a long view lower extremity radiograph. The exclusions criteria were (1) patients who had undergone arthroplasty and lower extremity surgery before and (2) valgus knee deformity. The outcomes in this study were HKAA, MAD, TAD, MPTA, PTRP, LDFA, and PTS. Intraclass correlation (ICC) using two-way mixed was used to assess the reproducibility of the radiographic parameters. Multiple logistic regression was used to evaluate the correlation between knee osteoarthritis grade and radiographs parameters (MAD and TAD).ResultA total 85 limbs from 52 patients were assessed in this study. Proximal tibia vara was found in 18 knees (21%.). The logistic regression was performed to assess the correlation between the severity of the knee osteoarthritis and radiographic parameters (MAD, TAD, LDFA, and PTS) with an overall p-value < 0.001 and pseudo-R² = 0.29.ConclusionA significant portion of patients with knee osteoarthritis have proximal tibia vara, and it is a pre-existing condition. Since the pre-existing proximal tibia vara affects preoperative measurements, a long-standing lower extremity x-ray is recommended to be obtained as part of knee replacement preparation.     

轴向载荷分担比指导外固定器动力化的临床应用

目的:探讨轴向载荷分担比用于胫腓骨骨干骨折术后指导外固定器轴向动力化促进骨折愈合的有效性。方法:选取外固定器治疗的胫腓骨骨干骨折患者100例,随机分为观察组50例,对照组50例。观察组在轴向载荷分担比指导下行外固定器轴向动力化治疗,对照组未行动力化,随访比较两组的治疗效果。结果:所有患者均获随访,随访时间4～12个月,平均6.5个月,治疗期间所有患者均未出现外固定针断裂、松动及再骨折等并发症,观察组1例骨搬移患者轴向载荷分担比5%,X线片显示骨折断端有连续性骨痂通过,拆除外固定器连接杆后发生移位,恢复原数值行轴向加压再动力化,现已愈合。观察组除外1例骨搬移患者,其余49例患者外固定器固定时间为[(24.4±4.7)周],骨折临床愈合时间为[(22.4±4.7)周],与对照组50例患者外固定器固定时间[(29.3±5.6)周],骨折临床愈合时间[(27.3±5.6)周]比较,显著减少(P0.05)。结论:外固定器轴向载荷分担比指导胫腓骨骨干骨折外固定术后轴向动力化可以加速骨折愈合,但不适合骨搬移截骨端已硬化患者。     

游离腓骨皮瓣移植Ⅰ期修复胫骨创伤性骨髓炎骨皮缺损

[目的]探讨游离腓骨皮瓣移植Ⅰ期修复胫骨创伤性骨髓炎合并骨皮缺损的方法和疗效。[方法]对156例胫骨创伤性慢性骨髓炎合并骨皮缺损患者，在行病灶清除的基础上行游离腓骨皮瓣移植，Ⅰ期修复骨皮缺损。[结果]经术后6—60个月的随访，皮瓣全部成活，发生静脉危象6例，再次吻合成功；伤口Ⅰ期愈合140例，Ⅱ期愈合13例，遗留窦道3例；骨髓炎复发2例。移植腓骨全部愈合，愈合时间2—6个月，平均3．2个月。[结论]慢性骨髓炎合并骨皮缺损可应用显微外科技术Ⅰ期修复。但是在感染的基础上进行手术，有一定的风险，严格掌握适应证。     

Revascularized fibula for tibia replacement in adamantinoma

Adamantinoma of long bones is one of the rarest of malignant bone tumors; it is commonly located in the middle or lower third of the diaphysis of the tibia. A case with multiple occurrences affecting both the tibia and fibula is presented. En bloc resection with wide operative margins was performed, and a large tibial defect of 23 cm was effectively bridged by a revascularized free fibular flap. At 13 months follow-up, there was no sign of local recurrence or metastasis, and the patient was mobile.     

CS_2作业工人血清脂质过氧化水平与LDH同功酶谱研究

ＣＳ_２作业工人血清脂质过氧化水平与ＬＤＨ同功酶谱研究张文昌，连祥霖，张连娜，杨乃富（福建医学院劳动卫生学教研室，福州３５０００４）结果表明，高接触水平组（浓度为１０．４２～４６．５４ｍｇ／ｍ３或Σｍｇ·年≥５０）血清ＬＰＯ含量与对照比较，显著性增高?..     

胫骨骨条植骨结合多根克氏针内固定治疗股骨颈骨折

从1985年起,应用胫骨骨条植骨结合多根克氏针内固定治疗股骨颈骨折21例,经随访7个月—48个月,优17例、良3例、差1例。通过临床观察,用自体胫骨骨条植骨提供活的骨细胞及诱导成骨,能促进加速骨折愈合。本手术方法简单、安全     

脐血铅含量与婴儿神经行为发育的探讨

目的：了解广西地区儿童铅中毒状况，研究铅对婴儿神经发育的影响。方法：选择1020名婴儿，以脐血铅作为铅暴露示标，3月龄时在贝利（Bayley)婴儿发育表上以精神发育指数（MDI）和心理运动发育指数（PDI）为效应示标。结果：血铅≥0．48μmol/L的婴儿其MDI和PDI明显落后于相对低铅组，随着分界线的下移，两组间MDI和PDI差别渐趋缩小，当分界线为0.24μmol/L时，高、低铅组MDI和PDI已不存在统计学差异。结论：当血铅≥0.48μmol/L时，婴儿神经行为发育即可受到不利影响。     

Immune modulation by cadmium and lead in the acute reporter antigen-popliteal lymph node assay.

Immune modulation by heavy metals may cause serious adverse health effects in humans, although the mechanisms involved are not well understood. Both cadmium and lead are important environmental and occupational toxins. Therefore, in the current study, the costimulatory/adjuvant effects and the T-cell-activating potential of these metals (i.e., CdCl2 and PbCl2), are examined. These immune-modulating properties are critical in the development of conditions such as allergy, hypersensitivity, and autoimmunity. Using the direct popliteal lymph node assay (PLNA) and reporter antigen-popliteal lymph node assay (RA-PLNA) both metals were examined individually for immunotoxicity. Mercury (i.e., HgCl2) was included for comparative purposes as its effects in the RA-PLNA are well documented. Seven days following a single footpad injection containing metal and/or RA (trinitrophenyl-ovalbumin [TNP-OVA] or TNP-Ficoll), BALB/c mice were sacrificed and the popliteal lymph nodes (PLNs) removed. PLN cellularity, TNP-specific antibody-secreting cells (ASCs), and lymphocyte subsets were assessed. All three metals strongly stimulated T- and B-cell proliferation and ASC production following coinjection with the RA TNP-OVA. In each case, ASC production was skewed towards the IgG1 isotype. In addition, all three metals induced IgG production to TNP-Ficoll (although relatively weakly in the case of Cd). These results show that each of these metals can provide adjuvant signals to promote lymphocyte proliferation and enhance adaptive immune responses to unrelated antigens. Skewing of immune responses towards T helper type 2 responses suggests that each of these metals can enhance allergic and hypersensitivity reactions to environmental antigens. Furthermore, the induction of IgG responses to TNP-Ficoll, a T-cell-independent antigen, indicates that each of these metals can activate neoantigen-specific T cells. T-cell activation by metals can lead to metal hypersensitivity and has been implicated in the development of autoimmunity. This is the first report of immune modulation by CdCl2 and PbCl2 in the RA-PLNA.     

铅防护服的性能检测与分析

铅防护服用于放射诊断与治疗中医护人员和患者的X射线防护。透视和拍片可以用于检查铅防护服裂缝、开线和破洞等破损状况。通过建立铅防护服的淘汰标准，定期检测、科学更新，保证最佳的放射安全。     

短缩-延长肢体治疗胫骨骨缺损合并软组织缺损

目的探索单纯使用Orthofix重建外固定架通过短缩一延长肢体治疗胫骨骨缺损合并软组织缺损的可行性。方法2001年7月～2006年7月收治胫骨骨缺损合并软组织缺损患者39例，其中37例为胫骨感染性骨折不愈合，2例为胫骨开放性骨折（GustiloⅢB型1例，Gustilo ⅢC型1例）。在患肢上安放Orthofix重建外固定架。清创术后小腿胫前内侧软组织平均缺损12cm（6～24cm），胫骨骨缺损平均9cm（4～22cm）。对胫骨骨缺损〈5cm的患者使用一期清创．腓骨截骨．胫骨缺损端加压。对22例胫骨缺损〉5cm的患者采用清创，腓骨截骨．短缩肢体〈5cm。对炎症局限、胫骨截骨部皮肤正常而且远离伤口的患者同期行胫骨截骨术，否则于1．0～1．5个月后二期行胫骨截骨术延长恢复肢体的长度。结果所有患者平均随访14个月（10～44个月）。骨缺损均得以重建，患肢肢体长度与健侧之差小于5mm，骨折愈合，无感染复发，创面均闭合。1例术后出现腓总神经麻痹，术后2个月恢复。4例胫骨缺损患者诉膝部疼痛。5例胫骨蠓损患者出现马蹄内翻足。2例胫骨缺损出现下胫腓分离。1例再骨折。结论使用Orthofix重建外固定架进行短缩．延长肢体是治疗胫骨骨缺损合并软组织缺损的有效方法，但应谨慎使用。对于软组织缺损少的小腿一期短缩的安全限度为3cm，最终短缩6cm。对于软组织缺损较大的急性胫骨开放骨折小腿一期可以短缩9cm。