Adhesion and growth of Serratia marcescens on artificial closed eye tears soaked hydrogel contact lenses

The adhesion to hydrogel contact lenses and growth of Serratia marcescens on artificial tear fluid (ATF) soaked lenses was investigated. Results indicated that a corneal ulcer isolate adhered more avidly to lenses; ATF increased adhesion for all strains tested. The contact lens induced acute red eye (CLARE) isolate adhered poorly; however; it grew to a larger extent on ATF-coated lenses. The ability of the corneal ulcer isolate to adhere to lenses may be an important factor in its pathogenicity whereas the ability of the CLARE isolate to grow on the lens in the presence of antimicrobial tear proteins may be important in the development of inflammation.     

黏质沙雷菌耐药性及碳青霉烯类抗生素耐药机制研究

目的 探讨黏质沙雷菌分离株的整体耐药特点,研究其对碳青霉烯类药物耐药的主要机制.方法 收集2007至2010年从宁波市第一医院不同病区分离(剔除重复菌株)黏质沙雷菌247株,用Vitek2 -Compact及配套革兰阴性杆菌药敏卡(GNS)检测其药敏情况,对筛选出的20株耐碳青霉烯类菌株进行PCR检测其耐药基因.结果 黏质沙雷菌对头孢曲松、氨曲南、环丙沙星的耐药率较高,分别为70.4％( 174/247)、64.8％ (160/247)、57.4％ (142/247)；对阿米卡星、庆大霉素、亚胺培南、美罗培南的耐药率较低,分别为:3.5％( 8/229)、5.4％( 13/241)、5.9％(14/237)、8.1％ (20/247).PCR检测20株对碳青霉烯类抗生素耐药的黏质沙雷菌中,1、7、12和16号的AmpC染色体基因表达是阴性参考菌株的98.3、102.3、121.5、87.3倍；共有12株黏质沙雷菌分离株同时携带CTX-M型超广谱β内酰胺酶(ESBLs)和KPC-2型碳青霉烯类酶.黏质沙雷菌所携带的CTX-M以CTX-M1、CTX-M2、CTX-M9为主；2株菌携带有SHV基因；2株菌携带有SME基因；2株菌携带有TEM基因；5株菌膜孔蛋白基因ompC和ompF均缺失；仅1株ompC基因缺失；2株菌ompF基因缺失.结论 黏质沙雷菌对β内酰胺类药物耐药的原因比较复杂,以产β内酰胺酶为主.开展对耐药菌株的进化和多耐药基因的研究,有利于合理应用抗菌药物,降低抗生索对耐药菌的选择压力及控制耐药菌株的蔓延.     

沙雷菌属医院感染现状及耐药性分析

目的了解沙雷菌属医院感染现状及耐药特点,为临床治疗提供理论依据。方法对我院2003年1月至2005年12月住院患者分离的沙雷菌属的种类、分布及细菌耐药性进行分析。结果120株沙雷菌主要来自呼吸道(61.7%)、手术部位(15.0%)、泌尿道(10.8%)。其中粘质沙雷菌占65.0%、液化沙雷菌占22.5%、深红沙雷菌占7.5%。对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、头孢吡肟、亚胺培南、复方新诺明的耐药率较低,分别为33%、4.2%、5.0%、14.2%。产头孢菌素酶(Amp eephalosporinase,AmpC)的菌株占10.8%(13株),同时产AmpC酶及超广谱β-内酰胺酶(extended-spectrumβ-lactamases,ESBLs)的菌株占2.5%(3株)。结论沙雷菌属是引起医院感染的常见病原菌,以粘质沙雷菌为主。不同分离部位的沙雷菌有差异,沙雷菌属以产AmpC酶为主,其耐药较严重。应根据药敏试验结果合理选用抗生素。     

Aspirin Treatment for Neonatal Infectious Endocarditis

We describe a term female neonate with Serratia marcescens endocarditis. Despite adequate antibiotic therapy for 8 days, the bacteremia persisted and there was an increase in vegetation size. Treatment with aspirin was initiated, with resolution of the bacteremia and a gradual decrease in vegetation size. We conclude that in neonatal endocarditis, aspirin may be beneficial additional treatment.     

粘质沙雷菌菌苗治疗恶性胸腔积液的临床观察

目的：评价粘质沙雷菌菌苗（Ｓ－３１１抗癌菌苗）治疗恶性胸腔积液的作用和毒性。方法：３５例恶性胸腔积液患应用Ｓ－３１１抗癌菌苗胸腔内给药治疗。结果：有效率８８．６％（３１／３５），完全缓解率４８．６％（１７／３７）。不良反应有发热、寒颤和胸痛。结论：Ｓ－３１１抗癌菌菌苗治疗恶性胸腔积液疗效肯定。     

Role of superoxide in renal scarring following infection by mannose-sensitive piliated bacteria

Summary The role of superoxide in scar formation following renal infection caused by mannose-sensitive (MS) piliated strains of bacteria was studied in the experimental pyelonephritis model using female Sprague-Dawley rats. The MS piliated strain stimulated renal scarring to a significantly greater extent than either the non-piliated or MR-piliated strain. Modulation of leukocytes by administering cyclophosphamide to induce neutropenia and colchicine to inhibit leukocyte migration was effective in preventing renal scarring. Treatment with superoxide dismutase during the early stage of infection was also effective in preventing scar formation. Finally, the production of superoxide by rat leukocytes was significantly larger following stimulation by MS piliated than either the nonpiliated or MR piliated strains. These observations suggest that superoxide released from leukocytes plays a critical role in the development of renal scarring following a bacterial infection, especially by MS piliated strains.     

灵菌素激发小鼠免疫功能研究

作者报告以灵菌素免疫小鼠观察其对小鼠免疫功能的影响,其主要结果:①对小鼠T淋巴细胞有直接激活作用;②对小鼠B淋巴细胞产生分泌IgG能力有增强作用;③对小鼠巨噬细胞吞噬功能有明显抑制作用;④对小鼠外周血白细胞数量无明显影响。     

用粘质沙雷菌试验评价Ⅱ级生物安全柜的研究

目的改进完善Ⅱ级生物安全柜生物测试的方法,观察两种指示微生物的空气生物学特性。方法采用改良美国NF-49标准方法,以粘质沙雷菌为指标菌检测生物安全柜防护性能。结果枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢经过porton采样器冲击30 m in,其相对存活率只有37%;而粘质沙雷菌经30 m in冲击,其相对存活率为88%。枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢经30 m in雾化,其相对存活率为53%;粘质沙雷菌雾化30 m in,其相对存活率为89%。实验环境中粘质沙雷菌本底检测结果菌落数均为0,粘质沙雷菌在自然界空气中不是优势菌株,不会对检测产生干扰。两台生物安全柜在不同风速下防护性能检测结果全部合格且与该安全柜出厂检测结果一致。结论粘质沙雷菌具有良好的雾化和冲击耐受性,受检的安全柜的人员、样品和环境防护作用合格,本研究建立的检测验证方法灵敏性和重复性与美国标准(NF-49)一致。     

Rapid pulsed-field gel electrophoresis technique for determination of genetic diversity of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Serratia marcescens</Emphasis>

 Seventeen Serratia marcescens strains were isolated from patients admitted to a hospital in the Tokyo metropolitan area. In order to study their genetic diversity, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was performed. Clear bands were not observed by the standard PFGE technique following the instruction manual from the company. To obtain clear results, it was necessary to include some additional steps to the preparation of PFGE samples. We added an inactivation step for DNase using formaldehyde, and the bacterial strains were embedded in thinner plug molds than usual. These modifications were effective with all strains, and the complete PFGE pattern was obtained in the samples treated with formaldehyde and using thin plug molds. We established a rapid method to obtain a high-quality PFGE result for S. marcescens. Received: March 19, 2002 / Accepted: July 10, 2002