2004年聊城市东昌府区2类食品卫生质量抽检结果分析

[目的]了解东昌府区糕点、面包类与饼干类食品的卫生质量状况。[方法]对2004年在东昌府区城区及周边16个乡镇采集的糕点、面包类和饼干类样品检测资料进行分析。[结果]检测样品1 180份,合格率为84.41%。其中,糕点、面包类样品合格率为83.35%,城区合格率高于乡镇,生产加工单位合格率高于销售单位(P<0.01);饼干类样品合格率为87.30%,城区与乡镇、生产加工单位与销售单位样品的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不合格项目是菌落总数、大肠菌群、酸价和过氧化值。[结论]饼干类的合格率较高,糕点、面包类的合格率较低;销售单位糕点、面包类的卫生质量较差,乡镇样品的卫生问题较为突出。     

A randomized prospective comparision of two methods of administering topical treatment in otitis externa

Ten patients with bilateral moderate or severe otitis externa were studied. Following aural toilet each patient was subjected to two different treatments: one ear had alternate day dressings containing a topical antibiotic/steroid mixture, while the external canal of the other was filled with the same topical preparation (sump filling). Improvement in the severity of the otitis externa was assessed after 1 week. 9 out of 10 ear canals improved in each group. An estimate of the relative cost of each treatment was made and sump filling was found to be less expensive. The results suggest that sump filling is a low cost alternative to standard treatment in moderate and severe otitis externa.     

商场空气卫生质量评价方法的研究

目的：建立一个对商场室内空气质量做综合评价的方法。方法：借助重庆市5家商场空气监测数据建立多元判别模型,将各检测点空气区分为不清洁空气、清洁空气、最清洁空气三类,通过各商场各类空气的比例判断该商场的综合状况及不同商场空气质量的优劣。结果：评价结果与实际情况相符合。结论：该方法可在实际中推广使用。     

Percepción de profesionales de la salud sobre la intervención grupal socioeducativa con mujeres que presentan síntomas somáticos sin causa orgánica

ObjectiveTo know the perception and opinion of primary care health professionals on the impact of non-medicalizing group educational intervention (GRUSE) with women who present somatic symptoms without organic cause.DesignQualitative phenomenological study.SettingPrimary care health centers in Andalusia, during 2017 and 2018.Participants and/or contextsTwenty-four health professionals, selected according to their level of involvement in the GRUSE strategy (socio-educational groups).MethodA qualitative methodology is applied, through the phenomenological method. The technique used to collect the information is the discussion group, and a content analysis is carried out on it. The software Atlas.ti 8.0 is used as a support resource for the analysis.ResultsHealth professionals highlight group work as a means of achieving change, and point to the importance of intervention as a non-medicalizing strategy. They perceive that the participants obtain some benefits: the improvement of their personal well-being, the increase of their self-esteem and self-determination, and the generation of social networks, benefits that also affect their immediate surroundings.ConclusionsIn the opinion of the professionals, the strategy has positive effects on women and does not mean an increase in resources for the health system. In addition, they express the importance of provide women with tools to cope with daily life problems derivates mostly from gender mandates of a patriarchal society.     

临沂市改水效果及水源卫生防护状况调查

目的 了解临沂市改水效果及水源的卫生防护状况。方法 对临沂市改水前后水源的卫生防护状况进行了调查,并对自来水水质进行了监测。结果 与改水前比较,水源的卫生防护状况有很大改善;改水后水源水、出厂水、末梢水水质合格率分别为58．33％、67．80％、51．85％。均比改水前明显提高（P＜0．05）。改水后水质的主要超标项目为浑浊度,游度余氯、菌落总数和大肠菌群。结论 改水质自来水水质及水源及的卫生防护状况明显改善,水质主要受生活性污染,应加强对水源的卫生防护。     

2005年山东省开展农村改厕知识培训效果评价

[目的]为了解山东省各级农村改厕人员对《农村改厕基本知识》、《农村改厕技术知识》的知晓情况,评价培训效果。[方法]对2005年山东省举办的国家农村改厕知识培训班学员有关测试资料进行分析。[结果]227名培训学员对农村改厕各项知识平均得分,培训前为(89.07±37.68)分,培训后上升到(165.11±23.82)分,后者高于前者(P<0.01)。及格率培训前为49.78%,培训后上升到94.71%,后者高于前者(P<0.01)。知晓率培训前为53.57%,培训后提高到85.73%,后者高于前者(P<0.01)。[结论]培训后227名学员对农村改厕各项知识的平均得分、及格率和知晓率都有显著提高,效果良好。     

Toilet Talk: Eliminating Open Defecation and Improved Sanitation in Nepal

Globally, 2.4 billion people lack adequate sanitation, and open defecation remains common. In this article, I present the qualitative findings from an evaluation of a water, sanitation, and hygiene intervention in remote, mid-West Nepal. The evaluation, conducted in 2014, involved villagers from eight wards in Kotgaun Village Development Committee. Drawing on the concept of the “toilet tripod,” I argue as follows: multi-scalar political will provide an important foundation for construction and sustained use of toilets, proximate social pressures contributed significantly to toilet adoption and efforts to eliminate open defecation, and water insecurity constrained improved sanitation and hygiene.     

淮安市清河区公厕空间布局探讨

运用人群密度分析法和人口分布分析法,对淮安市清河区公共厕所的布局、质量、数量进行分析,并提出了公厕布局方案。