奥美拉唑配合胃腔降温治疗老年急性上消化道大出血

目的：探讨奥美拉唑配合胃腔降温治疗老年急性上消化道大出血的临床疗效。方法：本院2006年11月～2009年6月收治100例上消化道出血患者,将其随机分为治疗组和对照组,对照组采用常规治疗,治疗组在对照组的基础上采用奥美拉唑配合胃腔降温治疗,比较两组患者的临床疗效。结果：治疗组50例,显效34例,有效12例,总有效率为92.0%（46/50）,显著优于对照组的78.0%（39/50）。结论：奥美拉唑配合胃腔降温治疗老年急性上消化道大出血疗效较好,值得临床推广。     

奥曲肽联合奥美拉唑治疗肝硬化食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血疗效观察

目的观察联合应用奥曲肽和奥美拉唑治疗肝硬化并发食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血的疗效。方法选取2004年1月～2011年7月某院收治的242例肝硬化并发食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血患者,按照入院顺序随机分为观察组(121例)和对照组(121例),观察组患者给予联合应用奥曲肽和奥美拉唑治疗;对照组患者单用奥曲肽治疗。比较两组患者治疗效果和药物不良反应等情况。结果①观察组患者治疗总有效率为90.08%,明显高于对照组的77.69%;观察组患者治疗后再出血率为0.83%,低于对照组4.96%,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。②观察组患者治疗平均止血时间为(27.8±2.4)h,短于对照组(46.4±3.1)h;观察组患者治疗过程中平均输血量为(267.1±43.7)ml,小于对照组的(538.8±87.3)ml,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。③观察组患者治疗期间发生恶心呕吐18例,对照组治疗期间发生恶心呕吐8例,未经过特殊处理后自行缓解。结论联合应用奥曲肽和奥美拉唑治疗肝硬化并发食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血可提高治疗有效,降低再出血率,缩短止血时间,而且无明显的不良反应,值得推广应用。     

Site selective syntheses of [3H]omeprazole using hydrogen isotope exchange chemistry

Omeprazole (Prilosec®) is a selective and irreversible proton pump inhibitor used to treat various medical conditions related to the production of excess stomach acids. It functions by suppressing secretion of those acids. Radiolabeled compounds are commonly employed in the drug discovery and development process to support efforts including library screening, target identification, receptor binding, assay development and validation and safety assessment. Herein, we describe synthetic approaches to the controlled and selective labeling of omeprazole with tritium via hydrogen isotope exchange chemistry. The chemistry may also be used to prepare tritium labeled esomeprazole (Nexium®), the active pure (S)‐enantiomer of omeprazole.     

奥美拉唑与莫沙必利治疗老年反流性食管炎的疗效观察

目的研究奥美拉唑联合莫沙必利对于治疗老年反流性食管炎的疗效。方法将46例反流性食管炎老年患者随机分为奥美拉唑组和联合组,均采用一般治疗方法,奥美拉唑组每日给予奥美拉唑胶囊,2次/d。联合组常规给予奥美拉唑胶囊,同时使用莫沙必利片,3次/d。两组均治疗3个月,每10d记录一次症状及不良反应情况,并于治疗前和治疗14d时使用放射免疫法检测两组患者血清胃泌素和血浆胃动素含量。结果联合组于14d后血清胃泌素,血浆胃动素升高,4周后疗效显著优于奥美拉唑单用组,治疗期间未见明显不良反应发生。结论奥美拉唑联合莫沙必利具有调节患者胃泌素,胃动素的作用,可以减少胃内容物的返流,其疗效显著,且用药安全,值得推荐。     

奥美拉唑钠治疗上消化道大出血临床观察

目的:观察奥美拉唑钠奥美拉唑钠治疗上消化道大出血的临床效果。方法:将我们医院近12年来收住的上消化道大出血患者82例,随机进行分为2组,治疗组是给予奥美拉唑钠,对照组是给予垂体后叶素,观察这2组的止血效果。结果:经过对比分析治疗组的总有效率为95.6%,显著比对照组高(73.7%),治疗组出现腹部不适7例,恶心9例。对照组出现心脏缺血2例,早搏8例,腹痛20例,均给与相应对症治疗,可见治疗组不良反应比较少。结论:奥美拉唑钠对于上消化道大出血的治疗效果确切,安全可靠。     

写溃疡切除修补术联合药物治疗胃溃疡穿孔68伤疗效分析

目的探讨胃溃疡切除修补术联合药物治疗胃溃疡穿孔的临床效果。方法将我院收治的68例胃溃疡穿孔患者随机分为对照组和观察组,对照组采用胃大部分切除术治疗,观察组采用胃溃疡切除修补术联合奥美拉唑治疗。分析两组的治疗效果及不良反应发生情况。结果观察组与对照组总有效率经统计学分析,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。两组Hp阴性率经统计学分析,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。随访1～2年,两组复发率经统计学分析,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论采用胃溃疡切除修补术联合抗幽门螺杆菌治疗,术后Hp清除率显著高于采用胃大部分切除术治疗,使用方便,值得临床推广应用。     

保和丸加减治疗功能性消化不良临床研究

目的：观察保和丸改汤剂随症加减治疗功能性消化不良的疗效。方法：选择临床确诊的功能性消化不良病例121例,其中以保和丸加减治疗（治疗组）62例,莫沙必利治疗（对照组）59例。结果：治疗组对功能性消化不良明显改善临床症状,有效率为87.10%,对照组有效率为72.88%,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：保和丸改汤剂加减对功能性消化不良有明显的临床疗效。     

老年人消化性溃疡37例的治疗

目的:探讨采用不同方法治疗老年消化性溃疡的临床效果。方法:抽取37例患有消化性溃疡的临床确诊患者病例,将其分为A、B两组,其中A组17例患者采用法莫替丁进行治疗;B组20例患者采用奥美拉唑进行治疗。结果:A组的总有效率为90%,B组的总有效率为70.6%。B组患者的临床症状表现的改善效果、溃疡愈合时间明显优于A组。结论:应用奥美拉唑对患有消化性溃疡的老年患者进行治疗的临床效果非常明显。     

Patent issues in drug development: Perspectives of a pharmaceutical scientist-attorney

The major purpose of this article is to emphasize the need for pharmaceutical scientists to have a better understanding of patent fundamentals. This need is illustrated by analyses of key scientific and legal issues that arose during recent patent infringement cases involving Prozac, Prilosec, and Buspar. Economic incentives for drug discovery and development clash with societal needs for low-cost pharmaceuticals in the United States and all over the world. The Hatch-Waxman Act of 1984 was enacted to promote public health by balancing the interests of brand name and generic companies. Patent protection, which provides a monopoly for a limited time, is aimed to provide such incentives. Creation of patents requires the interaction between scientists and lawyers, an endeavor made difficult by the differing intellectual spheres of their respective disciplines. Therefore, in the first place, a thorough understanding of patent fundamentals among pharmaceutical scientists will help them work more efficiently with patent attorneys. Second, it will enable them to appreciate the strengths and weaknesses of individual patents, which is critical in developing strategies amidst the ongoing patent tug-of-war between brand-name and generic companies.