氯仿、氯苯和多氯联苯对染毒家兔红细胞脂质过氧化和膜流动性的影响

比较了氯仿、氯苯和多氯联苯三种氯代化合物对染毒家兔红细胞脂质过氧化和膜流动性的影响。结果发现，每天给家兔腹腔注射含有上述毒物的花生油溶液，对红细胞脂质过氧化具有程度不等的４酶促进作用，但对膜脂流动性的影响并不一致，氯仿有促流效应，多氯联苯的作用相反，说明毒物分子的结构特性也对膜流动性具有影响。此外发现，膜流动性可能与细胞形态的维持有关。     

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorobiphenyls in wastewaters and sewage sludges from the Paris area (France)

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) were investigated during 1999-2000 in the sewerage system to the Seine Aval treatment plant which drains the Paris area (France). Contamination of sludges from storage chambers indicated a local origin typical of motor car traffic with PAH concentrations (Sigma16) ranging from 14 to 31 mg kg(-1) of dry weight, pyrene/fluoranthene ratios ranging between 1.12 and 1.48 and PCB concentrations (Sigma7) ranging from 0.07 to 0.65 mg kg(-1) of dry weight. In the same way, sludges from sand removal tanks displayed PAH values related to the importance of traffic whereas PCBs were rather characteristic of a diffuse origin. Among the five sewers entering the Seine Aval treatment plant, Clichy Argenteuil, which drains a large industrial area, was the most polluted one (PAHs as Sigma3, 10 kg year(-1); PCBs as Sigma7, 3.5 kg year(-1)). Seasonal variations were observed for PAHs with higher levels in winter in relation with the occurrence of combustion processes. Ninety-eight percent of the PAHs and 76% of the PCBs were extracted during the treatment plant processes, the primary clarifier of which retained 50% of the pollutants. Fluoranthene and PCB concentrations in the final dehydrated sludge (mean values) were 1.07 and 0.623 mg kg(-1) of dry weight, respectively. For PCBs, a significant correlation was found (r=0.668, P<0.001) between wastewater and dehydrated sludge concentrations. Yearly measured amounts of PAHs (Sigma3) were twice higher in sludges (76.3 kg) than in precipitations (37.7 kg) whereas those of PCBs (Sigma7) brought by total atmospheric fallout (17.6 kg) and sludges (21.1 kg) did not differ significantly.     

用MCF-7细胞检测多氯联苯拟雌激素样活性

目的观察多氯联苯（PCB）对MCF-7细胞增殖及生长曲线的影响。方法选用多氯联苯（1254）进行MCF-7人乳腺癌细胞增殖实验。结果PCB组细胞增殖指数均明显高于溶剂对照组，10ng／LPCB可诱导MCF-7细胞最大增殖（P〈Q01）。生长曲线分析也显示，PCB、E2生长曲线明显上移，有明显刺激MCF-7细胞增殖的类雌激素活性。结论提示PCB具有拟雌激素样活性。