Do weekly and fast-rotating shiftwork schedules differentially affect duration and quality of sleep?

 Characteristics of shiftwork schedules can have distinct impacts on workers’ sleep. This report presents comparisons of the effects of two different shiftwork schedules on duration and quality of the main sleep episodes in comparable worker populations at two different petrochemical plants. No significant differences were found for sleep duration in comparing the two plants. However, within each plant’s shift cycles, morning and night shifts showed shorter sleep durations than all other workdays and days off. Quality of sleep was perceived as lowest for night shifts of both plant schedules, and of lesser quality for weekly than for fast-rotating shifts. These results support recommendations for reducing the number of consecutive nights of shiftwork. However, before recommending any optimal shift schedule, interactions of sleep duration and quality with shift schedules need much further evaluation. Received: 18 December 1995/Accepted: 18 July 1996     

环境生物测试技术对沉积物的毒性评价研究

作者采用５种环境生物测试技术对化工沉积物的毒性进行了评价，结果表明化工沉积物对卤虫（海洋生物）、美丽猛水蚤（河口生物）、大型水蚤（淡水生物）及斑马鱼都有一定毒性，其中斑马鱼胚胎仔鱼对化工沉积物的毒性最敏感。作者指出５种环境生物测试技术都可以用来评价沉积物的毒性。     

The effects of probiotics on mental health and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis: A randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled trial in petrochemical workers

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine effects of probiotic yogurt and multispecies probiotic capsule supplementation on mental health and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis in petrochemical workers.

Methods: The present randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted on 70 petrochemical workers. Subjects were randomly divided into three groups to receive 100?g/day probiotic yogurt?+?one placebo capsule (n?=?25) or one probiotic capsule daily?+?100?g/day conventional yogurt (n?=?25) or 100?g/day conventional yogurt?+?one placebo capsule (n?=?20) for 6 weeks. Mental health parameters including general health questionnaire (GHQ) and depression anxiety and stress scale (DASS) scores were measured. Fasting blood samples were obtained at the beginning and 6 weeks after the intervention to quantify hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis.

Results: After 6 weeks of intervention, a significant improvement of GHQ was observed in the probiotic yogurt (18.0?±?1.5 vs. 13.5?±?1.9, P?=?0.007) and in the probiotic capsule group (16.9?±?1.8 vs. 9.8?±?1.9, P?=?0.001), as well as a significant improvement in DASS scores in the probiotic yogurt (23.3?±?3.7 vs. 13.0?±?3.7, P?=?0.02) and the probiotic capsule group (18.9?±?3.2 vs. 9.4?±?4.0, P?=?0.006). However, there was no significant improvement in the conventional yogurt group (P?=?0.05 for GHQ and P?=?0.08 for DASS).

Discussion: The consumption of probiotic yogurt or a multispecies probiotic capsule had beneficial effects on mental health parameters in petrochemical workers.     

f Wenzhou Normal CollegeJournal of W

l of Wenzhou Normal CollegeJournal of Wenzhou Normal CollegeJournal of Wenzhou Normal CollegeChina Petrochemical AbstractsChina Petrochemical AbstractsChina Petrochemical AbstractsChina Petrochemical AbstractsChina Petrochemical Abs     

某石化工业人群肥胖及相关危险因素的调查分析

目的调查石化工业人群肥胖及相关危险因素,提出石化工业人群超重、肥胖诊断标准的建议,为我国人群肥胖诊断提供统计参考。方法对某石化工业人群3354例对象(男1904例,女1450例)检测身高、体重、血压、心电图、肝脏B超;生化测定空腹血糖(GLU)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、尿酸(UA),并按体质指数(BMI)分为5组。全部资料输入SPSS8.0软件包,进行统计学分析。结果与BMI＜23组人群相比较,BMI23～25、25～27、27～29及≥29等组人群的TC、TG、UA、SBP、DBP水平均显著增高,而GLU水平无显著性差异;与BMI＜23组人群相比较,4组人群的高血糖症、高胆固醇血症、高甘油三酯血症、高尿酸血症、高血压以及脂肪肝的发生率显著性增高,心肌缺血仅在BMI≥29组人群中增高有显著性意义;危险因素聚集性研究发现随BMI增加,聚集性趋向增加。结论BMI23似可作为某石化工业人群体脂正常和超重、肥胖的分割点,BMI23～25似为超重前状态,BMI25～27似为超重状态,BMI≥27似为肥胖状态,这种诊断标准有利于超重和肥胖的临床早期防治。     

Increased cancers among residents living in the neighborhood of a petrochemical complex: A 12-year retrospective cohort study

This study investigates whether cancers are increased for residents living in the vicinity of a petrochemical complex with coal power plants and refineries. We recruited a residential cohort of 2388 long-term residents aged above 35 years in 2009–2012 who lived within a 40?km radius of the complex. We measured their internal exposure biomarkers of urinary carcinogenic metals and retrospectively compared cancer incidences between those who lived fewer than 10?km from the complex (high exposure, HE) and those who lived more than 10?km from the complex (low exposure, LE). Residents had lived in their respective areas for 12 years, since the complex began operating in mid-1999. This included two periods of operation: 0–9 years and 10–12 years. Crude cumulative incident rates (CIRs) of all cancers were calculated for new cancer cases (ICD-9: 140–165, 170–176, 179–208) recorded in the Taiwan Health Insurance Database over total person-years at risk in each study period. Poisson regression was applied to estimate relative risks for the CIRs of all cancers between HE and LE areas during the 10–12 years since the beginning of the complex’s operation, adjusting for age, gender, body mass index, smoking, hepatitis C, and occupational exposure. We found that our study subjects in HE areas had higher urinary carcinogenic metal levels, including As, Cd, Hg, Pb, and V, and higher prevalence rates of hepatitis C than those in LE areas. After the complex had been operating for 10–12 years, SIRs per 1000 person-years for all cancers in HE and LE areas were 4.44 vs. 2.48 for all subjects, 15.2 vs. 4.86 for elder subjects aged above 60 years, and 2.94 vs. 2.71 for female subjects. Correspondingly, the adjusted relative risks of CIRs for all cancers between HE and LE areas were 1.29 (95% CI: 0.99–1.68) for all subjects, 1.52 (1.04–2.22) for elder subjects, 1.41 (1.00–1.97) for female subjects, and 1.91 (1.15–3.19) for female elderly subjects. We conclude that elder and female residents living within 10?km of a petrochemical complex had higher carcinogenic exposure and cancers than those living farther away from the complex after the complex had been operating for 10 years.     

某石化企业重整加氢装置职业病危害因素调查

目的通过了解某石化企业重整加氢装置工作场所产生的职业病危害因素水平与分布,分析采取的职业病防护措施,探讨重整加氢装置运行过程中职业病危害的关键控制点和关键控制措施,为该类工程的职业病防治管理提供依据。方法采用职业危害现场调查、系统工程分析、现场检测、实验室分析等方法进行综合分析与评价。结果该装置生产过程中存在的主要职业病危害因素为苯、甲苯、二甲苯、溶剂汽油、液化石油气、戊烷、硫化氢等化学毒物及噪声、高温等物理因素。检测结果表明,工作场所中化学有害物质浓度均远低于国家卫生限值要求,各个监测点噪声强度合格率均为100%。结论该装置采取的防毒、防噪、防高温等设施可行、有效。企业的日常管理中应杜绝管道、阀门、塔、罐等装置的跑、冒、滴、漏,并加强作业人员的个体防护。     

石油化工作业对工人呼吸系统的影响

目的了解石油化工作业对工人职业健康的影响,掌握作业工人的职业健康状况和主要职业影响因素。方法以某石油化工厂职工352人作接触组;以不接触职业危害因素的该厂行政干部、学校老师247人作对照组,对接触组和对照组均用统一的询问方法调查职业史、既往史、家族史、吸烟饮酒史和现病史,并进行职业健康检查。同时对职业健康影响因素进行分析。结果石油化工作业工人慢性上呼吸道疾病检出率为53.7%,与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。其中慢性咽炎、慢性扁桃体炎和慢性鼻炎分别占77.2%、6.4%和16.4%。X线胸片显示两肺纹理增粗、紊乱等异常改变,接触组异常率(12.5%)较对照组(3.3%)明显增高(P<0.05)。接触组肺功能指标实测值显著低于预计值(P<0.05)。上呼吸道疾患率和肺功能异常率均随着工龄的增长而升高,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论石油化工作业对工人的呼吸系统有一定程度的危害。因此,应加强对接触者进行定期的动态观察。