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1.
小学生个性影响因素研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
【目的】分析影响儿童个性的有关因素,为培养儿童的健全人格提供依据。【方法】对西安市所属的七个区各随机抽取一所学校,每所学校抽取四、五、六年级各两个班.采用龚耀先修订的艾森克个性问卷(Eysenck Personality Questionnaire,EPQ)(儿童用)和自编的个人一般情况调查表,对2000名儿童进行调查。将调查所得数椐进行多元逐步回归分析。【结果】影响小学生个性精神性(Psy choticism,P)的因素有性别、是否班干部、父母关系;影响内外向(extrovision and intrnision,E)的因素有性别、父母关系、是否班干部、住所、母亲文化程度、所在学校;影响情绪稳定性(nearoticism,N)、掩饰性(lie,L)的均为性别、父母关系2个因素。【结论】儿童个性受家庭、学校环境等的多重影响。家长、教师应创造良好的家庭、社会环境,保持情绪乐观、稳定,避免对子女儿童的负面影响,以利于其个性向积极方向发展。 相似文献
2.
Examined are several measures currently used in the assessment of child abuse, sexual abuse, and trauma. These measures include
structured clinical interviews, self report measures, screening inventory, symptom checklist, and some measures that include
decision making properties. Issues and implications for clinical practice are explored. 相似文献
3.
抑郁障碍患者人格特征与发病关系的研究 总被引:7,自引:3,他引:4
目的探讨抑郁障碍患者的人格特征与其疾病发病间的关系。方法采用自评抑郁量表(SDS)、艾森克人格问卷 (EPQ)、应对方式评定量表 (WCRS)和归因方式问卷 (ASQ)对 76名抑郁障碍患者进行测试 ,同时选取 84名健康被试进行对照研究。结果①抑郁组患者在EPQ中神经质 (N)与精神质 (P)的得分显著高于健康组。②WCRS的结果显示在“宣泄接纳”、“退避调节”两个因子上 ,抑郁组的平均得分低于健康组。③在ASQ的得分中 ,抑郁组在负性事件归因的自身性、持久性和整体性均显著高于健康组。④抑郁障碍患者的“神经质”人格特质与应对方式的“宣泄接纳”和“退避调节”因子呈负相关 (r = 0 .474)。结论抑郁障碍患者的人格特征可表现为较强的神经质及孤僻、交往障碍 ,他们这种人格特征及应对和归因方式在其发病过程中起着重要作用。 相似文献
4.
Reeve Bryce B. Hays Ron D. Chang Chih-Hung Perfetto Eleanor M. 《Quality of life research》2007,16(1):1-8
Background Health-related quality of life (HRQL) is an accepted outcome measure in patients with mood and anxiety disorders. Yet, surprisingly
little attention has been paid to the determinants. In this paper we test the hypothesis that it is associated with personality
traits while controlling for mental disorders.
Methods A large sample of outpatients (n=640) with mood and anxiety disorders was studied. The empirically supported five factor model
of normal personality traits was assessed using the NEO-FFI and includes: neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience,
agreeableness, and conscientiousness. Mental disorders were assessed with the CIDI, and HRQL with the SF-36.
Results Regression analyses revealed that the NEO-FFI scores, with the exception of conscientiousness, were significantly associated
with SF-36 subscales and summary scores, independently from the mental disorders. The percentage of explained variance due
to the personality traits was highest for the subscales Vitality (10.0%), Mental Health (13.3%) and the Mental Health Summary
Score (9.5%). Furthermore, specific personality traits were related to specific SF-36 subscales.
Conclusions A low HRQL of patients with mood or anxiety disorders is not only determined by the disease or the current health but is also
shaped by personality traits that are relatively stable throughout an individual's life time. 相似文献
5.
In a sample of 55 consecutive methadone maintenance admissions to our clinic, 42% were diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) using the National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule NIMH DIS. Individuals with ASPD exhibited greater risk for HIV infection as defined by more sexual contacts, needle use and equipment sharing. Data at 1 year follow-up were obtained on this group of patients. The objective was to compare the ASPD and non-ASPD groups with regards to demographics, drug abuse history, outcome and retention in treatment. There were no significant differences between the groups on any demographic or treatment outcome variables. Survival analysis indicated that there were no group differences in treatment retention. In conclusion, although there were no differences in treatment outcome between ASPD and non-ASPD groups it is possible that ASPD patients who drop out of treatment will be at higher risk for contracting and spreading HIV within the IV drug using population. These data also suggest that in this population the diagnosis of ASPD using primarily behavioral traits as measured in the NIMH-DIS-III, has little utility in predicting treatment outcome. 相似文献
6.
BACKGROUND: It has been established that individuals who score high on measures of psychopathy demonstrate difficulty when performing tasks requiring the interpretation of other's emotional states. The aim of this study was to elucidate the relation of emotion and cognition to individual differences on a standard psychopathy personality inventory (PPI) among a nonpsychiatric population. METHODS: Twenty participants completed the PPI. Following survey completion, a mean split of their scores on the emotional-interpersonal factor was performed, and participants were placed into a high or low group. Functional magnetic resonance imaging data were collected while participants performed a recognition task that required attention be given to either the affect or identity of target stimuli. RESULTS: No significant behavioral differences were found. In response to the affect recognition task, significant differences between high- and low-scoring subjects were observed in several subregions of the frontal cortex, as well as the amygdala. No significant differences were found between the groups in response to the identity recognition condition. CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate that participants scoring high on the PPI, although not behaviorally distinct, demonstrate a significantly different pattern of neural activity (as measured by blood oxygen level-dependent contrast)in response to tasks that require affective processing. The results suggest a unique neural signature associated with personality differences in a nonpsychiatric population. 相似文献
7.
男性慢性胃炎患者人格特征初探 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
本文采用卡氏十六种人格因素量表,对纤维胃十二肠镜和活体组织病理检查确诊,剔除可能影响调查的疾患之后的56例慢性胃炎患者做了测查,结果与中国男性成人常模对照,提示男性慢性胃炎患者的主要人格特征有:严谨、保守、忧郁、紧张、顺从、依赖、有焦虑倾向,非内向个性,不属于心理不健康人群,而与消化性溃疡个性特征有所不同,但是,矫治其人格缺损及属必要。 相似文献
8.
目的探索社交焦虑障碍(SAD)患者父母的人格特征和心理健康状况。方法设研究组(SAD患者的父母)和对照组。入组时按要求进行艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)和症状自评量表(SCL-90)评定。结果SAD患者的父母在EPQ量表测验中的内外向因子标准分低于对照组;SAD患者的父母SCL-90各项因子除强迫和敌对因子,标准分低于对照组。结论SAD患者的父母的人格特征倾向内向,易安静、内省、离群、不喜欢接触人;SAD患者的父母更容易表现出躯体化症状、人际交往的困惑、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖和偏执。 相似文献
9.
健康人格是个体身心顺利发展的重要保证,是大学生适应社会、充分发挥自己能力的心理基础。而目前许多高等医药院校在大学生健康人格培养方面,普遍重视不够。本文从学校、教师、失学生自身三个角度,试探索出一套适合高等医药院校大学生健康人格建立和发展的培养模式,以期为对以后的心理健康教育工作有一定的启发和指导作用。 相似文献
10.
Tetsuya Sato Kaoru Sakado Sotoshi Sato 《European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience》1993,242(5):273-278
Summary We investigated the frequency of personality disorders (PDs) and the relationship between the pressence of PD and the 4-month outcome of depression under adequate antidepressant therapy in a Japanese sample of 96 outpatients with non-bipolar major depression. The diagnosis of PD was made using a structured interiew method (the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R Personality Disorders) and after severe depressive symptoms were reduced. Any one kind of PD was found in 54.2% of the saple. The most frequent was avidant (34–4%), obsessived-compulsive (22.9%), narcisstic (18.8%), and dependent (16.7%) PDs. The frequencies of these PDs in our study except narcisstic PD, were about the same as those reported in previous studies with a matched setting for the PD diagnosis. Compared with patients without PD, a worse outcome was found in patients with PD, especially patients with multiple PDs from multiple PD clussters. There was no evidence that a specific PD or PD cluster especially worsens the outcome of depression. 相似文献