A survey and critical evaluation of a dual isotope (Dicopac) vitamin B12 absorption test

The results of all dual isotope tests (2142) carried out on 1989 patients, 807 males (40.6%) and 1182 females (59.4%), during a 10 year period (1976–1985 inclusive) in the Grampian Health Board Area (population 497,272) have been reviewed. Patient age ranged from 5–95 years with 45.5% over 60 years. The referring specialities were Gastroenterology (47.6%), Haematology (11.3%), Paediatries (2.1%) and all others (39.9%). According to the manufacturer's recommended criteria, results were classified as normal in 1054 (49.2%), abnormal in 659 (30.8%), equivocal in 337 (15.7%) and unsatisfactory in 92 (4.3%) tests. Vitamin B₁₂ malabsorption of ileal type was indicated in 544 tests (25.4%) and of gastric type in 115 (5.4%). Of the latter, 76 were related to pernicious anaemia, 10 to previous gastric surgery and 2 to gastric carcinoma. Of the 337 patients with equivocal results, 138 patients were reviewed and 115 (83.3%) found to have a documented cause for gastric malabsorption (96 pernicious anaemia and 19 previous gastric surgery). In 172 patients with proven pernicious anaemia the manufacturer's recommended criteria for gastric malabsorption were completely satisfied in only 76 (44.3%) but 167 (96.5%) had an excretion ratio 1.3 and 127 (73.8%) a ratio 1.7. Unsatisfactory tests were mainly due to incomplete urine collection (91.3%) or contamination with another isotope (5.4%).     

剖宫产术中娩出胎儿前膀胱下推法在凶险性前置胎盘手术中的应用效果

目的评价剖宫产手术时娩出胎儿前膀胱下推法在凶险性前置胎盘手术中的应用效果。方法选择2016年1月至2017年12月安徽医科大学第一附属医院产科收治凶险性前置胎盘孕产妇89例,根据剖宫产时下推膀胱的时机不同,分为A组(47例)与B组(42例),A组为娩出胎儿前膀胱下推组,B组为娩出胎儿后下推膀胱组。比较两组孕产妇一般情况(年龄、孕次、产次、孕周、胎盘植入率)、平均手术出血量、平均输血量、手术时间、术后住院时间、产褥病率、子宫切除、膀胱损伤和新生儿窒息方面的差异。结果 A、B组孕产妇术中出血量分别为(1 927. 76±356. 31) mL、(2 859. 55±477. 80) mL,输血量分别为(861. 72±91. 58) mL、(1 285. 73±162. 69) mL,手术时间分别为(1. 83±0. 87) h、(2. 71±0. 94) h,术后住院时间分别为(5. 37±1. 72) d、(6. 83±1. 56) d,产褥病率分别为10. 64%、28. 57%,子宫切除率分别为14. 89%、35. 71%,新生儿窒息发生率分别为4. 26%、19. 05%,两组差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。结论凶险性前置胎盘娩出胎儿前膀胱下推法疗效满意,值得临床推广应用。     

核磁共振结合血清甲胎蛋白、肌酸激酶水平诊断凶险型前置胎盘合并胎盘植入的价值

目的对核磁共振(MRI)结合血清甲胎蛋白(AFP)、肌酸激酶(CK)表达诊断凶险型前置胎盘合并胎盘植入的价值进行探讨。方法选取2015年1月-2016年10月收治的90例凶险型前置胎盘患者,根据手术和术后病理结果分为凶险型前置胎盘合并胎盘植入组(简称植入组,53例)和凶险型前置胎盘非胎盘植入组(简称非植入组,37例),比较两组患者静脉血中AFP、CK的水平,并将所有患者的MRI结果、血清学检查结果及两者联合检查结果与病理结果进行比较。结果植入组血清AFP和CK表达水平显著高于非植入组(P<0.05)。MRI、血清学检查及二者联用的诊断灵敏度(71.74%vs.67.92%)、漏诊率(28.3%vs.32.13%)、阴性预测值(63.34%vs.63.0%)和符合率(71.12%vs.72.25%)之间比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),联合诊断的灵敏度(90.56%)、阴性预测值(86.84%)和符合率(90.00%)均显著高于单独的MRI或血清学检查(P<0.05),漏诊率(9.43%)低于单独的MRI或血清学检查(P<0.05)。结论 MRI联合血清AFP、CK表达检测能提高诊断的灵敏度和诊断符合率,优于单项检测,具有一定的诊断价值。     

凶险型前置胎盘对孕产妇妊娠结局的影响研究

目的 探讨凶险型前置胎盘对孕产妇妊娠结局的影响。方法 选取2010年1月～2013年12月于本院施行手术治疗的192例前置胎盘患者,根据疾病情况,将32例凶险型前置胎盘患者设为凶险组．将160例普通型前置胎盘患者设为普通组。比较两组患者胎盘植入的差异,评价患者产后出血率、输血率及手术方面的情况。结果 凶险组胎盘植入发生率为53．1％,显著高于普通组的7．5％,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;凶险组产后出血发生率为93．8％,显著高于普通组的36．9％,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;凶险组输血发生率为71．9％,明显高于普通组的21.3％,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。凶险组手术时间长于普通组,产后2、24h出血量多于普通组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论 凶险型前置胎盘具有较高的胎盘植入发生率,患者产后出血率、输血率、产后出血量较高。临床应提高凶险型前置胎盘的认识,产前做好预防保健工作,严格掌握剖宫产手术的适应证及禁忌证。     

子宫下段环扎术治疗凶险性前置胎盘剖宫产术后出血的效果

目的：探讨子宫下段环扎术治疗凶险性前置胎盘剖宫产术后出血的临床效果。方法选择我院2011年1月~2014年1月收治的54例凶险性前置胎盘剖宫产后出血患者,患者分为观察组和对照组各27例。观察组采用子宫下段剖宫产术止血,对照组采用宫腔纱布填塞止血。比较两组治疗效果。结果干预前观察组和对照组出血量、缩宫素用量差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。观察组卡前列素氨丁三醇注射液的用量、干预时出血量、干预后出血量、术中总出血量、干预时间、总输血量均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组的止血成功率为96.30%,对照组为92.59%,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。两组均未发生子宫坏死、感染、宫腔积血等并发症。结论子宫下段环扎术治疗凶险性前置胎盘剖宫产术后出血,止血迅速,出血量少,可减少产后出血发生率,值得临床推广。     

止血带捆绑下子宫下段环形蝶式缝扎术在凶险性前置胎盘伴胎盘植入中的应用效果研究

目的探讨分析止血带捆绑下子宫下段环形蝶式缝扎术在凶险性前置胎盘伴胎盘植入患者中的临床应用效果。方法选取2016年12月至2018年12月深圳市龙华区人民医院妇产科收治分娩的72例凶险性前置胎盘伴胎盘植入患者作为研究对象。根据随机数字表法将其分为试验组(n=36)和常规组(n=36)。试验组采用止血带捆绑下子宫下段环形蝶式缝扎术进行胎盘处理,常规组采用常规胎盘处理和子宫内压迫止血。统计两组的手术时间、术中出血量、术后24h累计出血量、修正血红蛋白(Hb)值、住院时间等情况,并比较两组的子宫切除率、红细胞输注、输注量以及术后并发症发生情况。结果试验组术中出血量、产后24h累计出血量以及修正Hb值均低于常规组,住院时间短于常规组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组的子宫切除率为5.56%,低于常规组的22.22%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组红细胞输注率为88.89%,与常规组的97.22%比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);试验组的平均红细胞输注量为(645.2±56.1)mL,低于常规组的(794.7±75.3)mL,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组的术后并发症发生率为11.11%,与常规组的19.44%比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论对于凶险性前置胎盘伴胎盘植入患者,采用止血带捆绑下子宫下段环形蝶式缝扎术进行处理,能起到较好的止血效果,降低出血量,从而更好地保留患者的子宫和生育能力,具有一定的临床推广应用的价值。     

Diagnosis of gastritis by means of a combination of serological analyses

Background: Gastroscopy and examination of biopsy is normally required for diagnosis of gastritis. This is costly and inconvenient for the patient, and there is a need for a simple pregastroscopic screening method to reduce the endoscopy workload. Our aim was to develop a serological screening test for gastritis. Methods: Sera from subjects examined with gastroscopy and biopsy were analyzed for H,K-ATPase antibodies, Helicobacter pylori antibodies and pepsinogen I. The diagnoses were normal gastric mucosa (n=50), duodenal ulcer (n=53) and atrophic corpus gastritis, with (n=50) or without pernicious anemia (n=46). Results: An evaluation scheme was constructed to optimize the diagnostic agreement between serology and gastric mucosal morphology. The sensitivity to detect gastritis was 98% (146/149) (95% CI 94–100%) and the specificity 84% (42/50) (95% CI 71–93%). Additional sera from 483 subjects from the general population were analyzed. There was a good agreement between serology and gastric mucosal morphology. Conclusions: Assays of multiple serum analytes are useful for the initial screening of gastritis. They are complementary to upper gastroscopy by identification of subjects with a normal gastric mucosa, those who qualify for eradication of H. pylori, and those who have developed atrophy and are at risk of developing malignancy and, therefore, require gastroscopic examination.     

凶险型前置胎盘31例临床分析

目的 探讨凶险型前置胎盘的病因、诊断、处理方法和预防措施.方法 对31例凶险性前置胎盘与145例普通型前置胎盘的病例进行回顾性比较分析.结果 两组产妇年龄、孕周、胎盘的类型无统计学意义(P>0.05).两组病例在胎盘植入、产后出血、出血量、子宫切除、输血量有明显差异,具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 凶险型前置胎盘对孕妇的危害主要是合并胎盘植入引起致命的产后大出血.对凶险型前置胎盘合并植入胎盘应在产前明确诊断,术前充分评估手术的危险及难度,术中用最有效的方法止血以减少产后大出血的发生率和保证孕产妇的生命安全,并尽量减少子宫切除.