胞必佳注射液抑制膀胱癌细胞BIU-87生长的蛋白质组学分析

目的探讨胞必佳对膀胱癌细胞杀伤作用的分子机制。方法胞必佳注射液作用膀胱癌细胞BIU-8796h,用固相pH梯度双向凝胶电泳分离胞必佳注射液处理和未处理的膀胱癌细胞BIU-87的总蛋白质,银染显色,PDQuest2-de软件分析差异蛋白质点。结果双向电泳图像分析胞必佳注射液药物处理组图像的平均蛋白质数为1021±88,未处理组的平均蛋白质数为1171±99;差异蛋白质有661个,其中有216个表达增强,有451蛋白质表达下降。结论胞必佳注射液对膀胱癌细胞的杀伤作用这些差异表达蛋白质有关,这些差异蛋白质有待质谱分析鉴定,为其作用的分子机理研究提供了新的思路。     

胸腔内注射红色诺卡菌细胞壁骨架制剂治疗癌性胸腔积液

目的 :评价胸腔内注入红色诺卡菌细胞壁骨架制剂 (N CWS)治疗癌性胸腔积液的临床疗效。方法 :5 6例晚期癌症并发胸腔积液病人尽量排净胸水后 ,N CWS 6 0 0 μg溶于 2 0mL氯化钠注射液中胸腔内注入 ,qw ,共 1～ 3次。观察胸水控制情况及不良反应。结果 :N CWS控制胸水治疗总有效率为89 % ,主要不良反应为低热 11% (6 / 5 6 )、胸痛14 % (8/ 5 6 )。结论 :胸腔排液后局部腔内注射N CWS具有良好的控制胸水作用 ,不良反应较少     

Multispecies Outbreak of Nocardia Infections in Heart Transplant Recipients and Association with Climate Conditions,Australia

A multispecies outbreak of Nocardia occurred among heart transplant recipients (HTR), but not lung transplant recipients (LTR), in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, during 2018–2019. We performed a retrospective review of 23 HTR and LTR who had Nocardia spp. infections during June 2015–March 2021, compared risk factors for Nocardia infection, and evaluated climate conditions before, during, and after the period of the 2018–2019 outbreak. Compared with LTR, HTR had a shorter median time from transplant to Nocardia diagnosis, higher prevalence of diabetes, greater use of induction immunosuppression with basiliximab, and increased rates of cellular rejection before Nocardia diagnosis. During the outbreak, Sydney experienced the lowest monthly precipitation and driest surface levels compared with time periods directly before and after the outbreak. Increased immunosuppression of HTR compared with LTR, coupled with extreme weather conditions during 2018–2019, may explain this outbreak of Nocardia infections in HTR.     

Adult T Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma Becoming Apparent during Treatment of Pulmonary Abscess and Empyema Caused by Nocardia asiatica: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Nocardia is a Gram-positive bacterium that causes opportunistic infections. Nocardia asiatica was newly isolated in 2004, and there have been no case reports describing the empyema caused by N. asiatica. Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is a peripheral T-cell malignancy caused by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1). We herein report a case in which immunosuppression attributable to ATL may have led to pulmonary abscess and empyema caused by N. asiatica. Our case demonstrates the need to investigate causes of immunosuppression, including ATL, in patients showing nocardiosis.     

Nocardia Brain Abscess in a Liver Transplant Recipient

Nocardia brain abscess is rare. We report on a unique case of N. farcinica brain abscess in a liver transplant recipient, following Aspergillus fumigatus pneumonia. A 43-year-old liver transplant recipient presented with altered mentality at 2 months after A. fumigates pneumonia. He was successfully treated with surgical removal and antibiotic therapy with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and ceftriaxone.     

Infected Aortic Graft

A case of infected aortic graft after abdominal aorta aneurysm resection is reported and a short review of this potential lethal complication is given.     

Epidemiology and in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of aerobic Actinomycetales in a clinical setting

IntroductionThe incidence of infections caused by aerobic actinomycetes is increasing. Recent changes in taxonomy and the variability in susceptibility patterns among species make necessary a proper identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing.Material and methodsFifty-three strains of aerobic actinomycetes were identified by MALDI-TOF MS using the VITEK MS Mycobacterium/Nocardia kit (bioMérieux, France) in a tertiary hospital in Spain during a six-year period. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the isolates was performed using the Sensititre Rapmycoi microdilution panel (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Massachusetts, USA).ResultsForty strains of Nocardia spp. were identified in the study, being N. farcinica and N. cyriacigeorgica the most prevalent ones. All isolates were susceptible to linezolid and the resistance to amikacin was only observed in one isolate of Gordonia sputi. Resistance to cotrimoxazole was only found in five isolates.ConclusionsRoutine identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of aerobic actinomycetes is advisable for an efficient identification of species and effective treatment.     

Diagnosis and management of nocardiosis after bone marrow stem cell transplantation in adults: Lack of lymphocyte recovery as a major contributing factor

Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is a curative treatment for hematological malignancies. This therapeutic approach is associated with a profound immune deficiency and an increased rate of opportunistic infections. Nocardiosis is a rare bacterial infection occurring mainly in patients with deficient cell-mediated immunity, such as AIDS patients or transplant recipients. Diagnosis of nocardiosis can be challenging, as signs and symptoms are non-specific. Routine prophylaxis with trimethoprin/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMZ) does not prevent the risk of infection. Between May 2001 and December 2009, five cases of nocardiosis were diagnosed from the 366 allogeneic HCT recipients in our centre. Four patients developed a disseminated nocardiosis within the first year after HCT. The fifth patient presented a localized cutaneous nocardiosis. In disseminated cases, median total CD4+ T-cells were below 100 cells/μL. Naive CD4+ CD45RA+/RO− T-cells were almost undetectable. CD8⁺ T-cells and NK cells were below the normal range and CD19+ B-cell reconstitution was completely deficient. In a localized case, we observed a lack of naive thymic emigrants CD4+ CD45RA+/RO− T-cells.