消化道恶性肿瘤确诊初期患者社会支持与生命质量的调查

目的 调查消化道恶性肿瘤确诊初期的患者半年中的社会支持和生命质量变化。方法 采用社会支持评定量表和CARES-SF对146名患者的社会支持和生命质量进行为期半年的追踪调查。结果 消化道恶性肿瘤确诊初期患者的生命质量为中等，其中婚姻关系维度、性关系维度得分半年后下降。患者所获得的社会支持最多的是情感支持，其次是实际支持，信息支持为第三位。情感支持大多来源于家庭成员，信息支持大多来源于医务人员。患者大多很少参与社交活动。在半年中情感支持、实际支持、信息支持的变化模式不一。诊断初期的患者不能有效地利用社会支持。结论 应对确诊初期患者加强咨询，以充分识别和利用社会资源。应持续评估患者的生命质量和社会支持，并制订干预方案，提高消化道恶性肿瘤确诊初期患者的社会支持程度，最终提高其生命质量。     

消炎痛缓释系统的基础研究及新型T型铜药宫内节育器临床应用的初步研究

将消炎痛掺入SYZ-1医用加成型硅橡胶制成长21mm,直径为2.4mm含消炎痛40mg的均质型缓释药棒,通过体外消炎痛释放量测定,得出消炎痛缓释系统为非零级释放,释放时间至少持续360天,其生物安全性能评价结果全部合格,其经γ射线,环氧乙烷消毒后,无新物质产生,消炎痛释放规律不变。将该缓释系统应用于新型T型铜药宫内节育器,通过半年的临床观察有效地防止了放器后引起的月经过多,并随机选择10例放器后的妇女于分泌期吸取宫颈粘液测消炎痛含量,结果为7.44μg/ml粘液,5例妇女于分泌期吸取宫颈粘液测铜含量,结果为0.46μg/ml粘液湿重。选择15例妇女于放器前月经干净3～7天及放器1月月经干净3～7天对子宫内膜细胞后150个进行定量测定,结果示放器后1月子宫内膜细胞较放器前明显增大。     

Inflammation markers in nasal lavage, and nasal symptoms in relation to relocation to a newly painted building: a longitudinal study

Introduction: There is a need to evaluate possible health effects of ventilation improvements and emissions from new buildings, in longitudinal studies. New methods to study biological effects on the eyes and upper airways are now available. Material and methods: A longitudinal study was performed on 83 trained social workers in two offices in Uppsala, Sweden. The exposed group (n= 57) moved to a newly redecorated building nearby. Low emitting building material had been used, including a new type of solvent-free water-based paint. The control group (n= 26) worked in the same office during the study period (November 1995 to February 1996). Hygiene management was carried out in both offices, at the beginning and the end of the investigation. Tear film stability (BUT) was measured. Nasal patency was measured by acoustic rhinometry, and eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP), myeloperoxidase (MPO), lysozyme and albumin were analyzed in nasal lavage fluid (NAL). Results: The relocation resulted in an increase in the personal outdoor airflow rate from 11 to 22 l/s. Indoor concentrations of terpenes were higher in the new building, and powdering of the new linoleum floor was observed. Measurements showed low levels of volatile organic compounds (VOC), formaldehyde, carbon dioxide (CO₂), nitrogen dioxide, respirable dust, and microorganisms in the air of all buildings. The move resulted in an increased nasal patency and an increase of ECP and lysozyme in NAL, after adjusting for changes in the control group. No changes were observed for nasal or ocular symptoms. A seasonal effect, with a decrease of ECP, was observed in the control group. Conclusion: A well-ventilated office building can be redecorated without any major ocular or nasal effects, or measurable increase of indoor air pollution if low-emitting building materials are selected. In agreement with previous evidence, the improved ventilation flow may explain the increase of nasal patency. The increase of ECP and lysozyme in NAL suggested an inflammatory effect in the new building. Since this building had increased ventilation flow, increased concentrations of terpenes, and powdering from the polish on the new linoleum floor, identification of causative agents was difficult. The hygiene measures did not give any evidence that emissions from the new type of solvent-free water-based paints or building dampness were responsible for the observed nasal effects. Considering the higher emissions of VOC reported from older types of water-based latex paints and solvent-based wall paints, the new type of solvent-free water-based paint seems to be a good choice from the hygiene point of view. Received: 21 December 1998 / Accepted: 20 June 1999     

The functional pool of brain catecholamines: Its size and turnover rate

Behavioral data are reviewed that give evidence for an indiscriminate involvement of brain catecholamines (CA), especially dopamine (DA), in nervefunction, regardless of the time elapsed from their synthesis. Critical analysis of biochemical and pharmacological studies shows that a clear-cut distribution of brain catecholamines in two compartments [newly synthesized (NS) and main storage] is not at all established, and moreover that there is no adequate proof that the difference in turnover rates attributed to these two supposed pools is due to a preferential extraneuronal release of NS-CA during nerve function rather than to a preferential (nonfunctional) intraneuronal deamination of NS-CA, or at least of NS-DA.     

河南省新报告HIV感染者中丙型肝炎病毒感染状况及其影响因素分析

目的 了解河南省新报告HIV感染者中丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染情况及其相关影响因素。方法 对2012年7月1日至2013年6月30日河南省所有新确证上报的HIV-1感染者进行信息整理、HIV-1 BED新发感染检测和HCV抗体检测。结果 河南省该期间新确证上报2 049例HIV-1感染者中HCV抗体阳性率为14.87%（271/1 887），BED阳性比例（新发感染比例）为26.34%（497/1 887）。新发HIV-1感染者中HCV抗体阳性率较既往HIV-1感染者低，20～39岁组HIV-1感染者的HCV抗体阳性率较其他年龄组低，个别地区HIV-1感染者的HCV抗体阳性率较高，经注射吸毒感染HIV-1者中HCV抗体阳性率较高。结论 新发感染、年龄、传播途径和地区分布是河南省新报告HIV-1感染者中HCV感染率的影响因素，应有针对性地开展此人群的丙型肝炎防治工作。     

Effect of serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D3 on insulin resistance and β‐cell function in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients

Aims/Introduction

To evaluate serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D₃ (25(OH)D₃) in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients and to explore the associations of 25(OH)D₃ with insulin resistance and β‐cell function.

Materials and Methods

A total of 97 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients and 69 healthy controls were recruited. Serum 25(OH)D₃ was determined using high‐pressure liquid chromatography. Insulin resistance was measured using a homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR). β‐Cell function was determined using the HOMA β‐cell function index (HOMA‐β), early‐phase insulin secretion index (ΔI30/ΔG30) and area under the insulin curve (AUCins). Correlation analysis was carried out using Pearson''s correlation and multiple stepwise regression analysis.

Results

Serum 25(OH)D₃ was much lower in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (t = −13.00, P < 0.01), and the prevalence of hypovitaminosis 25(OH)D₃ was 62.9% (61/97) in diabetic patients. Among the diabetic patients, patients with hypovitaminosis 25(OH)D₃ showed higher glycosylated hemoglobin and AUCglu (P < 0.01) as well as lower HOMA‐β, ΔI30/ΔG30 and AUCins. Serum 25(OH)D₃ was independently positively correlated with ΔI30/ΔG30 and AUCins (P < 0.05), but was not significantly correlated with either HOMA‐IR or HOMA‐β. Only triglycerides, glycosylated hemoglobin and ΔI30/ΔG30 emerged as independent factors associated with serum 25(OH)D₃ in both diabetes patients and the health control group.

Conclusions

The present results further showed a low serum 25(OH)D₃ concentration in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. 25(OH)D₃ deficiency is associated with disturbances in glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism. Serum 25(OH)D₃ is not correlated with basal insulin resistance or β‐cell function, but is significantly positively correlated with glucose‐stimulated insulin secretion and β‐cell function.