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1.
Pankaj Hari Anand Srivastava Arun Kumar Gupta Rajendra N. Srivastava 《Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)》1997,11(4):497-498
Acute renal failure (ARF) developed in a 7-week-old infant due to bilateral candidal bezoars (fungal balls) causing obstruction
at the pelviureteric junction. The baby was born at term with an appropriate birthweight, and had been treated with broad-spectrum
antibiotics for respiratory distress and septicemia during the 1st week of life. Recovery from ARF followed renal decompression
with bilateral nephrostomy tube placement and parenteral administration of amphotericin B and 5-flucytosine.
Received August 21, 1996; received in revised form and accepted January 3, 1997 相似文献
2.
In the neonate, chronic unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) reduces renal blood flow (RBF) of the ipsilateral kidney and increases RBF of the opposite kidney. To determine whether renal nerves mediate or modulate these responses complete left UUO in the neonatal rat was used as a model of severe obstructive uropathy, and was compared with sham-operated controls. At 24–28 days of age, animals underwent left or right mechanical renal denervation or left sham renal denervation. One week after denervation, animals were anesthetized and blood pressure and heart reate were measured. Cardiac output and RBF were determined by the radioactive microsphere technique. UUO increased blood pressure and heart rate, and decreased RBF in the obstructed kidney, regardless of denervation. While left UUO increased RBF to the intact opposite kidney in rats with left renal denervation, this was attenuated by right renal denervation. Thus, in the neonatal rat, UUO modulates systemic renal hemodynamics, possibly through activation of the renin-angiotensin system. While renal nerves do not mediate the vasoconstriction of the obstructed kidney, renal nerves modulate vascular tone of the kidney contralateral to UUO. 相似文献
3.
M. Puka-Sundvall E. Gilland E. Bona A. Lehmann M. Sandberg H. Hagberg 《Metabolic brain disease》1996,11(2):109-123
The aim of this study was to investigate the possible role of excitatory amino acids (EAAs) and cysteine in the development of brain damage after hypoxia-ischemia (HI) in neonates. In a rat model of neonatal HI, changes in extracellular (ec) amino acids in cerebral cortex were measured with microdialysis and correlated with the extent of brain damage at the site of probe placement. Extracellular concentrations of glutamate, aspartate and cysteine increased during HI and remained elevated during reperfusion. During HI the pattern of EAA changes was the same in the infarcted, undamaged and border zone regions. During reperfusion, however, the ec concentrations of glutamate, aspartate and cysteine were higher in infarcted and border zone areas compared to undamaged tissue. HI also produced a slight increase of tissue concentration of cysteine and decrease of tissue concentration of glutamate in parietal cortex of the HI hemisphere. The effect of cysteine on brain damage induced by HI and glutamate was also investigated. A subtoxic dose of cysteine potentiated glutamate toxicity in the arcuate nucleus and enhanced brain infarction after HI in neonatal rats. The results show that in neonatal HI the extracellular levels of EAAs during HI are not directly related to brain injury but the EAA levels during reflow predict the extent of infarction. Cysteine increases HI-induced brain injury and potentiates glutamate toxicity in neonatal rats. Speculatively, elevated level of cysteine during reperfusion may participate in the excitotoxic cascade leading to brain injury. 相似文献
4.
5.
目的分析评价汕头地区新生儿卡介苗接种工作质量;方法对2001-2004年我市四家大医院新生儿卡介苗接种工作记录和质量监控结果记录进行统计,汇总分析。结果2001-2004年,汕头市新生儿卡介苗接种率保持在94.69%以上,12周结素试验阳转率稳定在90.96%以上,卡痕率在97%以上,结素试验平均反应直径、卡痕平均直径指标均比较稳定。结论汕头市区卡介苗接种质量较高。 相似文献
6.
Mark S. Scher Marisha Y. Hamid Doris A. Steppe Marquita E. Beggarly Michael J. Painter 《Epilepsia》1993,34(2):284-288
Summary: The effect of gestational age on neonatal ictal and interictal durations has not been investigated. Sixty-eight neonates with 644 electrographic seizures were identified retrospectively. Thirty-five full-term (FT) neonates were compared with 33 preterm (PT) neonates. Eighteen older preterm infants (OPT) [>31 weeks estimated gestational age (EGA)] were also compared with 15 young preterm infants (YPT) of ≤31 weeks EGA. Ictal/ interictal durations were calculated for the total cohort with and without status epilepticus (SE). Statistical analyses were two-tailed t tests, chi-square calculations, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Duncan's multiple-range test. Eleven of 35 (33%) FT had SE as compared with 3 of 33 (9%) PT (chi-square = 7.8, p < 0.05). The mean ictal duration was 14.2 min for FT infants as compared with 3.1 min for PT infants (p < 0.01); only borderline differences were noted after those with SE were excluded. Interictal durations were longer for OPT than YPT (p < 0.05). By ANOVA and Duncan's multiple-range tests, group differences included longer mean ictal durations for FT infants as compared with OPT infants (p = 0.06, ANOVA; p < 0.05, Duncan's), and longer mean interictal durations for FT infants versus OPT and OPT versus YPT (p = 0.02, ANOVA; p < 0.05, Duncan's). More developed neuronal networks result in longer ictal durations in FT than in PT neonates, including FT infants with SE. Inhibitory networks responsible for longer interictal periods are more dominant in OPT infants than in YPT infants, reflecting maturational changes that suppress seizure activity during the latter part of the third trimester before the infant reaches an FT corrected age. 相似文献
7.
新生儿脑病S-100蛋白监测与预后的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的:通过监测新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)患儿血清中S-100蛋白含量的动态变化,建立对HIE患儿的早期科学诊断及预后评估技术指标。并探讨S-100蛋白浓度变化与病情的严重程度及转归之间的关系。方法:采用酶联免疫吸附试验、双抗体夹心法检测,对120例HIE有症状组患儿(HIE轻度症状组40例,HIE中度症状组40例,HIE重度症状组40例)和40例新生儿窒息组患儿与40例对照组健康新生儿血清S-100蛋白含量进行检测,并进行动态观察。结果:①HIE有症状组不同时期血清S-100蛋白含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.01);②新生儿窒息组不同时期的血清S-100蛋白含量也明显高于对照组(P<0.01);③HIE有症状组血清S-100蛋白含量明显高于新生儿窒息组(P<0.05)。结论:HIE有症状组患儿病情越重,其血清S-100蛋白含量则越高,提示血清S-100蛋白可作为判断HIE病情程度的客观依据和早期诊断以及预后评估HIE的主要指标。 相似文献
8.
Sik-Nin Wong Nelson N. S. Tsoi Chap-Yung Yeung 《Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)》1994,8(1):122-125
Intensive care services are expensive. The experience of developing a combined paediatric and neonatal intensive care unit (ICU) in a regional hospital is reported with reference to the provision of renal support for the critically ill patients. The combined unit is staffed by a team of paediatric intensivists, each of whom has special interest in a subspecialty, including cardiology, respiratory medicine, nephrology and neonatology. In the past 7 years, renal replacement therapy (peritoneal dialysis and haemofiltration) was provided to 40 patients, with comparable mortality and complication rates to other reports. This arrangement has been feasible and might be more efficient than running separate paediatric and neonatal ICUs or combining the paediatric ICU with the adult ICU. 相似文献
9.
地塞米松对内毒素休克新生大鼠脑一氧化氮合成酶基因表达的调节 总被引:4,自引:4,他引:0
目的:探讨新生大鼠内毒素休克脑损伤时脑一氧化氮合成酶(NO6)三种亚型基因表达的变化及地塞米松(DEX)对其的调控作用。方法:在新生大鼠内毒素休克动物模型基础上,采用逆转录PCR及PCR技术,对脑组织中三型NOS mRNA及caspase—3 mRNA的表达进行半定量分析。结果:正常新生大鼠脑iNOS及eNOS mRNA无明显表达,nNOS mRNA、caspase—3 mRNA有一定程度表达。内毒素脂多糖(LPS)腹腔注射后2h,三种亚型NOS mRNA开始表达,于LPS6h达高峰,并持续至24h。caspase—3 mRNA于LPS腹腔注射后2h后表达逐渐增加,24h达高峰。DEX可抑制nNOS、iNOS及caspase—3 mRNA的表达,且以用药后2h最为明显,并持续至用药后24h。结论:内毒素休克脑损伤时,各型NOS均有表达,NO的产生是内毒素休克脑损伤时重要的病理生理机制之一。DEX通过抑制NOS、caspase—3 mRNA的表达部分实现其神经保护作用. 相似文献
10.
新生儿重症监护病房侵袭性霉菌感染的临床分析 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
目的分析新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)侵袭性霉菌感染的发生率、临床表现、治疗及预后,以及引起霉菌感染的危险因素。方法总结1995~2004年10年间我院NICU侵袭性霉菌感染病例,分析霉菌感染发生的危险因素及氟康唑的疗效。结果(1)同期NICU收治的1 854例患儿中32例发生霉菌感染,发生率为1.73%,死亡12例,病死率37.5%;(2)发生霉菌感染的时间平均为入院后(10.4±7.3)d,表现为霉菌性败血症、脑膜炎、腹膜炎、肺炎,症状包括发热(68.8%)、反应差(71.9%)、呼吸增快(81.3%)或呼吸暂停(46.9%)、腹胀(31.3%)、胃肠营养不耐受(25%)、休克(25%)、皮疹(18.8%)、外周血白细胞增高(65.6%);(3)霉菌感染的危险因素中,低出生体重和机械通气是发生霉菌感染的高危因素(χ2=10.68,P<0.005;χ2=36.2,P<0.005);(4)病原学检查结果以白色念珠菌为主,28例(87.5%);(5)接受氟康唑治疗患儿预后优于非氟康唑治疗者(χ2=7.03,P<0.05)。结论霉菌已成为NICU院内感染的一个重要的致病菌;白色念珠菌是主要的致病菌;引起霉菌感染的危险因素有早产、极低出生体重、机械通气;氟康唑是一种有效的抗霉菌药,适用于早产儿及新生儿。 相似文献