异盘并殖吸虫两种途径感染大鼠的实验观察

目的探讨异盘并殖吸虫不同感染途径的效果。方法将异盘并殖吸虫囊蚴经皮下和肌肉感染大鼠 ,然后粪检虫卵、解剖大鼠收集虫体。结果经皮下和肌肉感染的大鼠、粪检出现虫卵的时间分别为49.2天和55天 ,两者比较有非常显著性差异(P<0.01) ;获虫率分别为14.0 %和4.0 % ,两法结果有显著性差异(P<0.05);两法肺虫囊数均以右肺多于左肺 ,有显著性差异(P<0.01和P<0.05)。结论经皮下和肌肉接种途经可使大鼠感染异盘并殖吸虫 ,但以皮下接种感染效果为佳。     

Epidemiology and molecular genotyping of echinostome metacercariae in Filopaludina snails in Lamphun Province,Thailand

Objective:To analyze the prevalence of echinostome metacercariae in Filopaludina dorliaris(F.dorliaris)and Filopaludina martensi martensi(F.martensi martensi)and genotype variation of echinostome metacercariae by using random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD)analysis.Methods:Filopaludina sp.snails were collected from eight localities of Lamphun Province,Northern Thailand and examined for echinostome metacercariae.RAPD-PCR was used lo analyze genotype variation of echinostome metacercariae.Results:A total of 3 226 F.dorliaris and F.martensi martensi snails were collected from eight localities.The overall prevalences of echinostome metacercariae in F.dorliaris and F.martensi martensi were 40.89%and 36.27%,while the intensity of infection was 20.37 and 12.04,respectively.The dendrogram constructed base on RAPD profiles,4 well supported domains were generated;(i)group of metacercariae from Ban Hong,Mae Ta,Meaung,Pa Sang,Toong Hua Chang,and Weang Nong that were clustered in the group of E.revolutum,(ii)Ban Thi,(iii)Lee,and(iv)3 adults of an out group.Condusioiis:This research demonstrated RAPD profiling has been a useful tool to detect DNA polymorphisms to determine genetic relationship between echinostome metacercariae in Lamphun Province,Northern Thailand.     

广西柳江河鱼类华支睾吸虫囊蚴感染情况

2008年3月～2009年3月,在广西柳江河段上的三江县、融安县、融水县、柳城县、柳州市和象州县设点,采集各地河道内的鱼类,用直接压片法和消化法检查其感染华支睾吸虫的情况。共捕获鱼16204尾,经鉴定分属9科27属35种,其中32种不同程度感染华支睾吸虫,感染率为10.5%,感染度为4.6个/g。麦穗鱼(Pseudoras bora parva)的感染率(21.5%)和感染度(9.9个/g)最高,其次为宽鳍鱲(Zacco platypus),感染率为17.8%,感染度为8.9个/g。各河段感染率间的差异有统计学意义,象州县河段感染率(12.3%)较高,三江县河段(9.1%)和柳州市区河段(9.7%)感染率较低。统计学分析表明,夏、秋两季鱼的感染率较高,春、冬两季较低;中、上水层鱼类的感染率较高,下水层鱼类较低;杂食性和草食性鱼类的感染率较高,肉食性鱼类较低。     

广州北郊南昆山自然保护区卫氏并殖吸虫超高度疫源地首报

目的 调查广州北郊南昆山自然保护区并殖吸虫流行分布状况. 方法 采集调查点山溪中螺蛳2012只,溪蟹63只,收集疫源地野山猫粪便3份,2只人工感染家猫粪便2份.检查并殖吸虫尾蚴、囊蚴和虫卵.解剖人工感染虫卵阳性猫,查找并殖吸虫成虫. 结果 螺蛳体并殖吸虫尾蚴感染率为0.15‰(3/2000).螺种为放逸短沟蜷.蟹体卫氏并殖吸虫囊蚴感染率为100%(59/59).感染度:2～516个囊蚴/只蟹,2～10个囊蚴/克蟹.蟹种为平和华溪蟹.2份野山猫粪便检出并殖吸虫卵,感染率为66.66%(2/3).解削两只人工感染阳性猫检获卫氏并殖吸虫成虫11条. 结论 首次发现广州北郊南昆山自然保护区存在严重卫氏并殖吸虫流行,为超高度疫源地(I级).鉴于卫氏并殖吸虫是我国主要致病并殖吸虫,该疫源地属国家级自然保护区,也是4A旅游区及著名的避暑胜地,游人如误饮用生山泉水,具有感染卫氏并殖吸虫的潜在危害,必须引起高度重视.     

白水河并殖吸虫囊蚴形态学研究

通过在云南省勐腊县对并殖吸虫的调查和实验观察，证实云南有白水河并殖吸虫存在，对该虫种的囊蚴同小睾并殖吸虫囊蚴进行了比较，补充了白水河并殖吸虫囊蚴的形态研究，定种以囊蚴的排泄囊有树枝状分枝的特征为依据。     

广东省韶关市鱼虾肝吸虫囊蚴感染情况及群众防控意识调查分析

目的 了解广东省韶关市区淡水鱼虾感染肝吸虫囊蚴情况,以及群众对肝吸虫病的认知和防范意识,为韶关市相关部门开展肝吸虫病的防治工作提供科学依据.方法 采集韶关市内4个地区淡水鱼/虾样本,采用组织压片法检测囊蚴;通过网络随机对群众进行问卷调查分析了解群众防控意识;应用SPSS 21.0统计学软件处理和分析数据.结果 肝吸虫囊...     

白城地区市售淡水鱼东方次睾吸虫感染情况调查

目的了解白城地区东方次睾吸虫第二中间宿主感染情况。方法分别从白城地区大安市、白城市和镇赉县市场购买麦穗鱼、船丁鱼、鲫鱼，草鱼、鲤鱼、鲶鱼、胖头鱼、黑鱼、河虾，采用压片法显微镜下镜检，每种鱼检出囊蚴的放在一起，采用胃蛋白酶消化法进行消化，并计算每种鱼的囊蚴感染率和每种鱼平均每100g鱼肉的囊蚴数及其成熟情况。结果麦穗鱼、船丁鱼、鲫鱼、草鱼检出东方次睾吸虫囊蚴，检出的囊蚴感染率和平均每100g的数量为：麦穗鱼40％，760个；船丁鱼36％，465个；鲫鱼10．0％，126个；草鱼9．5％，97个。成熟囊蚴所占的比率为89．7％～92．2％。结论白城地区市售淡水鱼中可检出东方次睾吸虫囊蚴，应加强东方次睾吸虫方面的控制和宣传教育工作。     

Comments on human eurytremiasis in Brazil

Eurytremiasis is an important parasitic disease of cattle that was recently suggested to be a neglected and emerging human disease in Brazil. Based on a misinterpretation of the life cycle of the parasite, it was suggested that a great number of people could be infected with this fluke in the country. In the present letter, aspects of the life cycle of Eurytrema spp. are revisited and clarified. The mechanism of transmission previously reported for the few accidental human cases involved the ingestion of raw or undercooked insects (grasshoppers and crickets) harboring the infective metacercariae. In reality, the zoonotic potential of Eurytrema species is extremely low, and human eurytremiasis is not, and probably never will be, a zoonotic disease in countries where entomophagy is not a common food habit.     

Paragonimiasis in Chinese Children: 58 Cases Analysis

Objective

To analyze the clinical and radiological features of paragonimiasis in children and raise the awareness of this disease.

Methods

A total of 58 paragonimiasis patients were reviewed. They were 42 boys and 16 girls aged 2.0 to 15.3 years.

Findings

Among these patients, 20 were diagnosed in the recent 5 years, 46 with a history of raw water or food ingestion. Except 2 patients without any complaint, the most common features involved the systemic (41, 70.7%) and respiratory systems (43, 74.1%), followed by abdominal, cardiac and nervous systems, with rash and mass. Eosinophilia was noted in 46 (79.3%) patients, granulocytosis in 45 (77.6%), anemia in 14 (24.1%), and thrombocytopenia in 3. Imageology showed pneumonia in 26 (44.8%) patients, pleurisy in 28 (48.3%), hydropericardium in 17 (29.3%), ascites in 16 (27.6%), and celiac lymphadenitis in 13 (22.4%). Besides hepatomegaly and splenomegaly, calcification and multiple lamellar low echogenic areas in the liver were noted, each in one patient. Abnormal brain imaging was noted in 4 of 10 patients. Karyocyte hyperplasia with eosinophilia was noted in all the 19 patients who received bone marrow puncture.

Conclusion

Paragonimiasis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with multiple organs or system lesions, especially those with eosinophilia, serous cavity effusion, respiratory, cardiac, digestive system, nervous system abnormality, and/or mass. Healthy eating habit is helpful for paragonimiasis prevention.