福田4500型B超软故障检修与分析

通过福田4500型B超软故障检修与分析，介绍了该机故障检修分析过程及造成该故障的原因。     

Electronic data processing in the Danish Cytogenetic Central Register and EDP problems of registers in general

A brief introduction to the Danish Cytogenetic Central Register (DCCR) is given, and possibilities, principles and problems concerning the establishment and maintenance of a national cytogenetic register are presented.
Various data carrier media for registers in general are discussed, of which the magnetic disc is considered most appropriate. General principles for programs capable of performing insertions, deletions and other modifications in the data base are outlined as well as the principles for the programs in the DCCR.
The individual records should preferably be identified by aid of a central person registration number (CPR) rather than by name. The data should be stored and sorted by this identification in order to facilitate retrieval of a desired record. The structure of the records is discussed with regard to prevention of the occurrence of certain errors as well as the optimization of processing.
Flexibility and economy of space are achieved by using programs able to handle records of unequal length, and problems occurring in connection with this are discussed. The question of how to protect sensitive data is dealt with, and two different methods used in the DCCR are outlined. Programs capable of analyzing karyotypes with the purpose of recognizing various cytogenetic syndromes have been developed for use in the DCCR. Various examples of computing times of typical program runs are presented.     

福建省鼠伤寒沙门氏菌病原学特征变迁趋势

目的：了解福建省鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的病原学特征变迁情况。方法：采用噬菌体分型、质粒谱分析及耐药性测定的方法,对福建省１９８０～１９９５年１５年鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的病原学特征进行动态监测。结果：福建省鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的噬菌体流行型别存在明显的变迁与更迭;质粒谱型有逐渐增多且分散趋势;菌株耐药率逐年大幅度上升,耐药谱逐年迅速增宽,多重耐药菌株逐年急剧增多,耐药现象日趋严重。结论：噬菌体分型、质粒谱分析及耐药性测定是监测福建省鼠伤寒沙门氏菌病原学特征变迁趋势的有效方法。     

卫生服务公平的逻辑分析与政策选择

卫生服务公平的内涵是指在同等健康与疾病状况下接受卫生服务的权利公平,并且基本卫生服务需要应该完全平等.卫生服务公平原则的实现需要有相应的社会经济条件作为基础,在当前情况下只能通过建立医疗保障制度,提高卫生服务可得性和可及性,以及补贴基本卫生服务等措施,达到基本卫生需要完全均等的标准.     

丹参中丹酚酸B的提取分离及分析方法研究进展

系统综述了提取、纯化、分析丹参中治疗心脑血管病的有效成分丹酚酸B的方法，并对微波提取、超临界流体萃取、大孔树脂吸附技术与传统技术上作了比较和论述。     

靶向mdr1基因转录小发夹RNA重组质粒的构建和序列分析

目的 构建针对多药耐药基因(mdr1)编码区的发夹状RNA重组质粒栽体pshRNA-mdr1,并行序列分析,为下一步逆转肿瘤的多药耐药性打下基础。方法设计含19-21bp mdrl编码基因片段及中间以4个bp间隔的反向重复序列,经退火形成互补双链,克隆至转录栽体pTZU6 1上,转化JM109菌株,提取重组质粒酶切鉴定并序列分析。结果将合成的DNA片段成功克隆至载体上,经酶切及序列鉴定为目的序列。结论靶向mdr1基因发夹状RNA干扰重组质粒的成功构建,可进一步研究其对mdr1 mRNA转录的抑制,达到逆转肿瘤的多药耐药性的目的。     

间苯三酚的合成、制剂开发与分析测试

间苯三酚为平滑肌解痉药,临床上用于治疗痉挛性疼痛。该文综合国内外相关文献,分析、整理与归纳了间苯三酚的合成、制剂开发以及分析测试方法。已开发上市的制剂可满足临床用药需要,用药安全有效,质量可控,但合成技术上仍存在一些问题,需进一步研究其合成路线,探索各步反应机理,优化反应条件,提高产品得率,实现工业化生产。     

Ventricular peritoneal shunt malfunction after operative correction of scoliosis: report of three cases

Background contextTwo of the most common disease processes associated with hydrocephalus in children are spina bifida and intraventricular hemorrhage of prematurity, both of which are known to be also associated with spinal deformity in later childhood. The occurrence of shunt malfunction after mechanical injury or stress to the hardware has been well documented. Newer techniques in the treatment of neuromuscular scoliosis, including anterior release with segmental fixation, have resulted in more powerful corrections of these large spinal deformities. A new potential cause of shunt malfunction is the aggressive correction of scoliosis.PurposeTo report patients with neuromuscular curves averaging 100° who were subsequently recognized to have perioperative shunt malfunction.Study designThree case studies from a university hospital setting were included.Patient sampleAll three children were young adolescents and had-long term shunts. Two of the children had spina bifida and a third had cerebral palsy. All children underwent anterior release of their scoliosis with posterior segmental instrumentation, with unit rods and sublaminar wires. All had significant correction of their scoliosis.Outcome measuresMalfunctioning of the ventriculoperitoneal shunts were recorded.MethodsChart reviews of three cases were analyzed.ResultsTwo children had shunt malfunctions within a month of their surgery, and one child had intraoperative recognition and externalization of the shunt.ConclusionsOlder children undergoing repair of neuromuscular scoliosis are often preadolescents or adolescents who have the same indwelling shunt systems originally implanted in early infancy. The shunt may be brittle and calcified, and the peritoneal catheter may be short. The correction of scoliosis often results in an almost instantaneous growth of a few inches. Because of the potential difficulty in recognizing shunt malfunction in the perioperative period, consideration should be given for elective revision of the peritoneal catheter in children at risk.     

Ethanol-induced malfunction of neutrophils respiratory burst on patients suffering from alcohol dependence

Background: Polymorphonuclear, neutrophil granulocytes (PMN) play a major role in the control of infections, and people who abuse alcohol are susceptible to infections. Resistance against infections ensues intracellularly following initial phagocytosis of microorganisms with the oxygen‐dependent respiratory burst, the key enzyme of which is the respiratory burst oxidase, whereby oxygen radicals are produced for microbial destruction. To date there is insufficient information available in connection with the process of impaired defence against infection in patients suffering from alcohol dependence. Therefore, our investigation was carried out to determine the influence of alcohol exposition on the formation of oxygen radicals and the respiratory burst. Methods: 4.5 ml of whole blood was taken from 10 healthy adults and 10 patients suffering from alcohol dependence. An additional 3.5 ml of whole blood was taken from the alcoholic patients for determination of the blood alcohol concentration. The respiratory burst of PMN was tested using the Four‐Colour‐Continuous Flow Cytometer. Each experimental procedure consisted of 4 test samples [negative controls, Escherichia coli, FMLP‐supplement (N‐formyl‐l‐methionyl‐l‐leucyl‐l‐phenylalanin), PMA‐supplement (phorbol‐12‐myristate‐13‐acetate)]. Differing concentrations of ethanol were also introduced to each of the tests performed (0.20 to 4.00 g/l). Results: Ethanol revealed a marked decrease of burst activity in those patients suffering from alcoholism with increased alcohol concentration. A dependence between the burst activity and the ethanol concentration was seen to be statistically significant. This effect was only evident after stimulation with E. coli and FMLP in those patients with alcohol dependence. Conclusion: The results presented in this study show an impairment in the function of PMN in those patients addicted to alcohol due to the decrease in burst activity. In view of the results of the different stimuli, the second‐messenger effects were not evident. A clarification of this phenomenon could well be assumed as an allosteric receptor effect on the burst oxidase, namely, a direct effect on the phagocytosis interaction between circulating granulocytes and causative organisms.     

细粒棘球蚴内蒙株疫苗候选基因EG95克隆

目的 克隆细粒棘球蚴内蒙株EG95基因,并进行序列分析.方法 根据GenBank中细粒棘球蚴EG95-1基因DNA序列设计引物,提取细粒棘球蚴基因组DNA,PCR扩增目的基因,目的基因克隆到pMD19-T载体,经PCR、酶切及测序鉴定后,进行序列分析.结果 克隆到的EG95-NM基因序列长1262bp,与EG95-1基因DNA序列同源性为98%.结论 克隆到细粒棘球蚴内蒙株EG95基因,序列分析表明,EG95-NM基因属于EG95基因家族并具有地理株特点.