The Mitek mini anchor in the treatment of the gamekeeper's thumb

The fixation of a distally ruptured ulnar collateral ligament of the MP 1 (Metacarpophalangeal) joint without a portion of ligament which can be sutured or a small bony fragment can be accomplished with a variety of methods, most of which require drillholes through borth cortices and a counter incision as well as the removal of the material at a second stage [1, 11, 13, 15]. The Mitek bone mini anchor (Ethicon-Mitek®) proved to be a reliable and quick alternative [10, 12, 16, 18, 19]. It was successfully used in eleven patients with excellent stability of the reconstructed joint.     

Medullary locomotor strip and column in the cat

Responses of lateral medullary neurons to microstimulation of two points in the locomotor strip—rostral and caudal to the obex—were recorded intracellularly in mesencephalic decerebellated uncurarized cats. Excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials and orthodromic action potentials occurred up to 20 ms after a single stimulus. A number of cells responded to stimulation of a locomotor point by a repetitive discharge, and in some cells synaptic responses were evoked by contralateral stimulation. The responsive neurons were scattered among other cells in the lateral medullary tegmentum. At least one-third of neurons with synaptic responses to stimulation of the rostral locomotor point were antidromically invaded from the caudal one. The characteristic length of these descending axons was between 4 and 9 mm, although there were longer axons too.The lateral medullary cells which give synaptic responses to stimulation of the locomotor strip form the locomotor column located medial to the strip, and a portion of these cells send their axons to the strip. It is suggested that the activity is propagated polysynaptically along the column through axonal collaterals of its neurons. One can assume that when repetitive stimulation achieves a threshold for locomotion such a propagation occurs without decrement. As a result, spinal stepping generators are activated.     

儿童社区获得性肺炎肺炎支原体感染的快速诊断

目的:探讨儿童社区获得性肺炎(CAP)肺炎支原体(MP)感染的快速诊断方法,以帮助临床正确选择抗生素。方法:将159例经逆转录聚合酶链反应方法(RT-PCR)证实为MP感染的住院患儿随机分为A、B、C三组,分别进行血清特异性IgM、IgG及双份血清补体结合实验,同时设立健康对照组。结果:A组53例中MP特异性IgM阳性48例(90·57%);B组53例检出MP特异性IgG阳性35例(66·4%);C组53例患儿分别于入院第1d及至少10d后收集双份血清进行补体结合实验,共采集标本50人份,证实为MP阳性的46例(92·00%);MP-IgM检测结果还具有年龄差异,3岁以下组的阳性率低于3岁以上组(P<0·05);50例健康儿童MP-IgM阳性1例(2·00%),MP-IgG阳性7例(14·00%),双份血清实验检测未见阳性。结论:MP血清特异性IgM检测是早期快速诊断儿童MP感染的有效手段,但其结果具有年龄组的差异,婴幼儿MP感染的诊断还需结合PCR及双份血清实验。     

连花清瘟颗粒辅助治疗小儿支原体肺炎30例临床观察

目的 观察连花清瘟颗粒辅助治疗小儿支原体肺炎的临床疗效.方法 选取2018年6月至2020年6月在嘉兴市妇幼保健院儿内科就诊的肺炎支原体患儿60例,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和治疗组,各30例.对照组给予常规治疗,治疗组在对照组治疗方法的基础上给予连花清瘟颗粒治疗.比较2组治疗前后临床症状评分、血清炎症细胞因子以及T细...     

Serum transfer RNA‐derived fragment tRF‐31‐79MP9P9NH57SD acts as a novel diagnostic biomarker for non‐small cell lung cancer

BackgroundtRNA‐derived fragments (tRFs) have been found to have a crucial function in the pathophysiology of cancers. However, the function of tRFs in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is yet unknown. The goal of this study was to assess the tRF‐31‐79MP9P9NH57SD serum expression from NSCLC patients and to determine its diagnostic usefulness.MethodsBy using stem‐loop quantitative real‐time PCR, we were able to detect various tRF‐31‐79MP9P9NH57SD expressions in 96 NSCLC serum samples, 96 healthy controls, and 20 pairs of NSCLC serum samples pre‐ and post‐surgery (qRT‐PCR). After that, we analyzed its diagnostic effectiveness using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.ResultsSerum tRF‐31‐79MP9P9NH57SD expression was higher in NSCLC patients, and levels of tRF‐31‐79MP9P9NH57SD were linked to the clinical stage (p = 0.002) and the malignancy of lymph node (p = 0.012). In addition, after the procedure, the serum tRF‐31‐79MP9P9NH57SD expression in NSCLC patients dropped. With 48.96 percent sensitivity and 90.62 percent specificity, the area under ROC curve (AUC) was 0.733.Conclusionserum tRF‐31‐79MP9P9NH57SD possibly is a new and groundbreaking biomarker for the NSCLC.     

来源于HHV8 MIP N端多肽抗乳腺癌作用的实验研究

目的:探讨来源于HHV8 MIP N端多肽(NT21MP)治疗小鼠乳腺癌的疗效。方法:采用乳腺癌细胞株4T-1构建乳腺癌小鼠模型;实验分为NT21MP5μg/kg、50μg/kg和500μg/kg组,NT21MP与Herceptin联合用约组(NT21MP50μg/kg+Herceptin 36.04μg/kg)、阳性对照组(Herceptin 36.04μg/kg)及生理盐水对照组;观察各组小鼠肿瘤体积大小,并计算抑瘤率;检测肺转移结节。结果:与生理盐水组荷瘤小鼠比较,NT21MP呈剂量依赖性地抑制肿瘤的生长,以联合用药组为明显(P<0.01)。NT21MP不同浓度、联合用药及阳性对照组的抑瘤率分别为10.0%、41.6%、81.0%、58.2%及39.2%;对照组小鼠肺内均见转移性Lewis肺癌瘤灶,肺脏表面可见多个肿瘤转移结节;NT21MP 5μg/kg组小鼠肺内均见转移性Lewis肺癌瘤灶,肺脏表面可见到散在的肿瘤转移结节;NT21MP 50μg/kg组和Herceptin组中,各有5/6动物肺内见转移性Lewis肺癌瘤灶,肺表面可见小的单个肿瘤转移结节;NT21MP 500μg/kg组和联合用药组各有2/6和3/6动物肺内见转移性Lewis肺癌瘤灶,肺表面未见明显的转移结节。结论:NT21MP可抑制乳腺癌的生长和转移,联合应用基因靶向药物Herceptin,可提高对乳腺癌靶向治疗的效果。     

肺炎支原体感染患儿D－二聚体检测与临床意义

目的：探讨肺炎支原体感染患儿血浆D－二聚体含量在肺炎支原体感染过程中的变化及临床意义。方法将来自深圳市宝安妇幼保健院2012年7月至2014年3月住院期间的176例肺炎支原体感染患儿依其病程分为感染组（176例）和治愈组（60例）,同时选取70例正常儿童作为对照组,分别测定其血浆D－二聚体及血清肺炎支原体抗体,并对其进行比较分析。结果肺炎支原体感染组患儿血浆D－二聚体水平较治愈组和对照组显著升高（t值分别为4．33和5．11,均P＜0．05）、肺炎支原体感染期间（肺炎支原体抗体滴度水平在1：320及以上者53例,滴度在1：160者65例,滴度1：80的58例）不同抗体水平的患儿血浆D－二聚体水平均无明显差异（t值分别为0．64、0．48和1．40,均P＞0．05）。结论肺炎支原体感染患儿体内存在着凝血、纤溶活性的异常,D－二聚体水平在感染期明显升高。     

口服爱若华联合甲基强的松龙肾囊注射治疗原发性局灶节段性肾小球硬化9例报告

目的探讨新型免疫抑制剂来氟米特(商品名:爱若华)和肾囊注射甲基强的松龙联合治疗局灶节段性肾小球硬化症(FSGS)的疗效和安全性。方法从我院2002年前经肾活检患者中确诊为FSGS的16例患者中随机选取10例(均采用常规类固醇口服治疗)患者作为对照组,从2002年始所有肾穿刺确诊为FSGS的9例患者作为治疗组,采用口服爱若华,同时肾囊注射甲基强的松龙长期治疗1年。在治疗前及治疗6个月、1年后观察24h尿蛋白定量、血尿素(Urea)、血肌酐(Scr)、内生肌酐清除率(Ccr)等指标变化,按照疗效评定标准对比分析联合治疗实验组与常规治疗对照组的疗效和安全性。结果联合治疗组显著降低24h尿蛋白定量,其中治疗6个月蛋白尿完全缓解率为34.5%、部分缓解率为44.5%,明显高于对照组(17.5%、25.4%)(P<0.01);12个月完全缓解率累加为67%(对照组:29.8%),部分缓解率累加为21.3%(对照组:38.5%)(P<0.01)。疗程中未发现糖皮质激素的副作用,有2例发现一过性来氟米特致肝酶升高,减量和对症治疗后恢复正常。结论爱若华联合肾囊注射甲基强的松龙治疗FSGS较常规治疗有效,副作用少,值得进一步研究与观察。     

Plasmodium falciparum synthetic LbL microparticle vaccine elicits protective neutralizing antibody and parasite-specific cellular immune responses

Epitopes of the circumsporozoite (CS) protein of Plasmodium falciparum, the most pathogenic species of the malaria parasite, have been shown to elicit protective immunity in experimental animals and human volunteers. The mechanisms of immunity include parasite-neutralizing antibodies that can inhibit parasite motility in the skin at the site of infection and in the bloodstream during transit to the hepatocyte host cell and also block interaction with host cell receptors on hepatocytes. In addition, specific CD4+ and CD8+ cellular mechanisms target the intracellular hepatic forms, thus preventing release of erythrocytic stage parasites from the infected hepatocyte and the ensuing blood stage cycle responsible for clinical disease. An innovative method for producing particle vaccines, layer-by-layer (LbL) fabrication of polypeptide films on solid CaCO₃ cores, was used to produce synthetic malaria vaccines containing a tri-epitope CS peptide T1BT* comprising the antibody epitope of the CS repeat region (B) and two T-cell epitopes, the highly conserved T1 epitope and the universal epitope T*. Mice immunized with microparticles loaded with T1BT* peptide developed parasite-neutralizing antibodies and malaria-specific T-cell responses including cytotoxic effector T-cells. Protection from liver stage infection following challenge with live sporozoites from infected mosquitoes correlated with neutralizing antibody levels. Although some immunized mice with low or undetectable neutralizing antibodies were also protected, depletion of T-cells prior to challenge resulted in the majority of mice remaining resistant to challenge. In addition, mice immunized with microparticles bearing only T-cell epitopes were not protected, demonstrating that cellular immunity alone was not sufficient for protective immunity. Although the microparticles without adjuvant were immunogenic and protective, a simple modification with the lipopeptide TLR2 agonist Pam₃Cys increased the potency and efficacy of the LbL vaccine candidate. This study demonstrates the potential of LbL particles as promising malaria vaccine candidates using the T1BT* epitopes from the P. falciparum CS protein.     

Advances in pharmacotherapy for the treatment of allergic rhinitis; MP29-02 (a novel formulation of azelastine hydrochloride and fluticasone propionate in an advanced delivery system) fills the gaps

Introduction: Effective pharmacologic treatment exists for most patients suffering from allergic rhinitis (AR). However, both in clinical trials and in real-life studies, many patients are dissatisfied with treatment. Physicians often use multiple therapies, in an attempt to improve symptom control, often with limited evidence of success. Novel treatment options are needed and must consider unmet medical needs.

Areas covered: This article reviews the clinical data for a new AR treatment. MP29-02 (Dymista®, Meda, Solna, Sweden) contains azelastine hydrochloride (AZE) and fluticasone propionate (FP), in a novel formulation and delivered in an improved device as a single nasal spray. It has shown superior efficacy in AR patients than either commercially available AZE or FP monotherapy for both nasal and ocular symptom relief, regardless of disease severity. MP29-02 also provided more effective and rapid symptom relief than either AZE or FP monotherapy delivered in the MP29-02 formulation and device. However, the effect was less than that observed versus commercial comparators, suggesting the impact of formulation and device on clinical efficacy.

Expert opinion: MP29-02 simplifies AR management, surpassing the efficacy of gold standard treatment, intranasal corticosteroids (INS), for the first time. It is indicated for the treatment of moderate-to-severe seasonal allergic rhinitis and perennial allergic rhinitis when monotherapy with either intranasal antihistamine or INS is NOT considered sufficient. Most patients present with moderate/severe disease, with evidence of current or previous treatment insufficiency. MP29-02 should be the treatment of choice for these patients.