Yoga Training Improves Metabolic Parameters in Obese Boys

Yoga has been known to have stimulatory or inhibitory effects on the metabolic parameters and to be uncomplicated therapy for obesity. The purpose of the present study was to test the effect of an 8-week of yoga-asana training on body composition, lipid profile, and insulin resistance (IR) in obese adolescent boys. Twenty volunteers with body mass index (BMI) greater than the 95th percentile were randomly assigned to yoga (age 14.7±0.5 years, n=10) and control groups (age 14.6±1.0 years, n=10). The yoga group performed exercises three times per week at 40~60% of heart-rate reserve (HRR) for 8 weeks. IR was determined with the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). After yoga training, body weight, BMI, fat mass (FM), and body fat % (BF %) were significantly decreased, and fat-free mass and basal metabolic rate were significantly increased than baseline values. FM and BF % were significantly improved in the yoga group compared with the control group (p<0.05). Total cholesterol (TC) was significantly decreased in the yoga group (p<0.01). HDL-cholesterol was decreased in both groups (p<0.05). No significant changes were observed between or within groups for triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR. Our findings show that an 8-week of yoga training improves body composition and TC levels in obese adolescent boys, suggesting that yoga training may be effective in controlling some metabolic syndrome factors in obese adolescent boys.     

Correlation between insulin resistance and white matter lesions among non-diabetic patients with ischemic stroke

Abstract

Objective: We investigated whether a correlation exists between insulin resistance and the severity of cerebral white matter lesions among non-diabetic patients with ischemic stroke.

Methods: The subjects were 105 consecutive patients without diabetes who were hospitalized due to non-cardioembolic stroke. The insulin resistance was evaluated by a homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). The degrees of periventricular hyperintensity (PVH) and deep and subcortical white matter hyperintensity (DSWMH) were evaluated by the brain MRI. The HOMA-IR values ≥2·5 were indicative of the insulin resistance.

Results: The presence of PVH and DSWMH were 86·7 and 83·8%, respectively. The ratio of insulin resistance increased with higher grades of PVH and DSWMH. The HOMA-IR level in grade 3 PVH was significantly higher than those in grades 0 and 1. The HOMA-IR level in grade 3 DSWMH was significantly higher than those in grades 0–2. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that HOMA-IR was significantly associated with PVH or DSWMH.

Conclusion: It was found that insulin resistance correlated with white matter lesions among non-diabetic patients with non-cardiogenic ischemic stroke.     

Adipose tissue polyunsaturated fatty acids and metabolic syndrome among adult parents and their children

Background and aims

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) may play a role in the etiology of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim of the study was to examine the associations of adipose tissue PUFA biomarkers with MetS among parents and children in Mesoamerica.

自体干细胞激活疗法治疗2型糖尿病大鼠的疗效及机制研究

目的 观察骨髓干细胞(BSCs)动员并诱导后对2型糖尿病(T2DM)大鼠的降糖作用,探讨该疗法可能的降糖作用机制.方法 50只雄性Wistar大鼠,随机分为健康对照组(10只)和模型组(40只).采用高脂、高糖饮食联合单次小剂量链脲佐菌素腹腔注射造模并随机分为4组:骨髓干细胞组给予体外BSCs回榆;单纯动员组给予重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子(rhG-CSF);动员并诱导组给予rhG-CSF联合促肝细胞生长素和烟酰胺;糖尿病对照组.用放射免疫法测空腹血清胰岛素,免疫沉淀和Western blot检测骨骼肌葡萄糖转运体-4(GLUT4)蛋白的表达量.结果 与糖尿病对照组相比,动员并诱导组大鼠血糖下降33.95％(P ＜0.01),空腹血清胰岛素水平差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数显著降低(P＜0.05),骨骼肌GLUT4蛋白的表达量显著升高(P＜0.01).结论 rhG-CSF联合促肝细胞生长素和烟酰胺对T2DM大鼠有降糖作用,能够上调其骨骼肌细胞膜GLUT4蛋白的表达量,改善胰岛素敏感性.     

降糖舒片联合瑞格列奈治疗2型糖尿病的临床研究

目的观察降糖舒片联合瑞格列奈治疗2型糖尿病的临床效果。方法选择2017年2月—2018年8月在宝鸡文理学院医院治疗的2型糖尿病患者165例,随机分为对照组(82例)和治疗组(83例)。对照组患者餐前30min口服瑞格列奈片,初始剂量0.5 mg/次,3次/d,之后根据血糖水平调整用药剂量,最大剂量为4 mg/d。治疗组在对照组基础上口服降糖舒片,5片/次,3次/d。两组患者均连续治疗3个月。观察两组患者临床疗效,同时比较治疗前后两组患者糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PBG)、空腹血糖(FBG)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、胰高血糖素样肽-1(GLP-1)和空腹胰岛素(FINS)水平。结果治疗后,对照组临床有效率为78.05%,显著低于治疗组的93.98%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者HbA1c、2 h PBG和FBG水平均显著下降(P0.05),且治疗组患者HbA1c、2 h PBG和FBG水平明显低于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者HOMA-IR显著降低(P0.05),而GLP-1和FINS水平均显著升高(P0.05),且治疗组患者上述胰岛素指标水平明显好于对照组(P0.05)。结论降糖舒片联合瑞格列奈治疗2型糖尿病,可有效改善患者临床症状,降低血糖水平和胰岛素抵抗。     

IL28B gene variants and glucose metabolism in Type 2 Diabetes

Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) develops, when β-cell insulin response fails to compensate for insulin resistance. Recent studies reported associations between the IL28B polymorphisms (rs12979860 and rs8099917) and T2D development in Hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients. To identify possible association with T2D independent from virus infection, we investigated both IL28B polymorphisms in T2D patients and healthy controls (HC). No association was found comparing the genotype and allele frequencies of both IL28B polymorphisms between T2D patients and HC. However, higher glucose levels were found in T2D patients carrying the IL28B CT/TT rs12979860 and GT/GG rs8099917 HCV risk genotypes compared to those with the protective CC and TT genotype (p = 0.06 and p = 0.02, respectively). Moreover, T2D patients with CT/TT rs12979860 HCV risk genotypes possessed significantly higher HbA1c levels than CC carriers (p = 0.04). In conclusion, the IL28B HCV risk genotypes may influence glucose homeostasis in T2D patients without HCV.     

Insulin resistance and idiopathic infertility: A potential possible link

Among various health issues, infertility has been always considered as one of the major health problems. Idiopathic infertility is still a matter of debate since the underlying mechanisms stay obscure. Idiopathic infertility is related to expanded chance of metabolic syndrome components, obesity and increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to assess insulin resistance and serum levels of irisin as one of the adipokines in patients with idiopathic infertility. This study included 50 male patients aged 25–50 years old suffering from idiopathic infertility, together with 50 healthy individuals of matched age as controls. Patients showed significantly increased homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance values than controls. For irisin results, idiopathic infertility patients had significantly decreased values than controls indicating the potential effect of irisin in development of insulin resistance in idiopathic infertility patients.     

RS 10767664 gene variant in Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) affect metabolic changes and insulin resistance after a standard hypocaloric diet

Background

Role of BDNF variants on change in body weight and cardiovascular risk factors after weight loss remains unclear in obese patients.