活性金属单环165的临床研究

不锈钢环型节育器(金单环)在中国广为应用。为提高金单环的避孕效果,进行了金单环支撑力与脱落关系的研究,对200,165,135g不同支撑力进行比较性研究筛选出较为合理的支撑力为165g,其外形和金单环相似,分大、中、小三种型号,大号外径22mm,中号21mm,小号为20mm。外层为不锈钢丝螺旋簧,在螺旋环内相间置入纯铜丝(200mm2)和消炎痛硅橡胶各二段(消炎痛总含量5mg左右,现已改为10mg)。于1988年10月～1989年6月全国南北方7省市11所医院共放置1000例,经3年定期随访,12,24,36个月继续存放率各为92.5,88.99及85.94/100妇女年,36月累积带器妊娠率仅1.61/100妇女,脱落率比原金单环明显降低近40％,因症取出率为3.12。于放置前后进行月经血量测量24例,放置后3、6月各增加24.4％和27.4％。行子宫内膜“含铜含药组”和“有铜无药”组对照检查各11例,含药组炎症细胞略少。作宫颈粘液中铜离子含量测定,以6月内含量较高,6月后趋向平稳。消炎痛释放测定,1月内释放较快,一年后残留20％左右。经1249例临床观察,活性金单环165是一种不需特殊培训易于推广的、安全、经济并能长期放置的IUD。     

非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病患者肺功能检查的初步探讨

对２５例非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（ＮＩＤＤＭ）患者及２４例正常人进行全套肺功能检查，并作对比分析，结果表明：ＮＩＤＤＭ组比正常对照组Ｖ２５／ＨＴ减低。差异有高度显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１）；ＤＬＣＯ减低差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５），并认为ＮＩＤＤＭ患者小气道功能、弥散功能减低与糖代谢紊乱，致机体抵抗力降低、免疫功能下降，并与肺胞毛细血管基底膜增厚有关。检查ＮＩＤＤＭ患者小气道功能和肺泡弥散功能，具有一定临床意义。     

维尼安在绝经妇女摘取IUD中的应用

目的 总结维尼安在绝经妇女摘取IUD中的应用.方法 对66例绝经后妇女进行服用维尼安前后摘取IUD的效果进行对比研究.结果 绝经后妇女使用维尼安,可使导致摘取IUD失败的因素明显减少,摘取成功率达93.94%.结论 维尼安在绝经妇女摘取IUD中的作用独特,安全有效.     

宫腔声学造影在诊断及处理宫内节育器嵌顿中的价值

目的 评价宫腔声学造影（SHG）在诊断及处理宫内节育器（IUD）嵌顿中的价值。方法 应用SHG对18例疑IUD嵌顿的带器患者进行检查，并根据SHG检查结果予以相应处理。结果 SHG显示IUD浅嵌顿10例、深嵌顿4例、IUD下移1例及双器1例。除1例放弃取器外，17例病人经适当手术方法取出IUD。结论 宫腔声学造影是诊断IUD嵌顿的一种简便、有效的新方法，其结果有助于临床处理中取器方法的选择。     

IUD对子宫收缩的影响观察

本文重点研究妇女正常月经净后七天之内子宫收缩压力和频率,以及频脱器妇女与第一次置器妇女子宫收缩压及其相互间的差别。结果:(1)23例妇女月经净后七天之内子宫收缩压力为2.21～14.14mmHg/次,均值7.66±2.89mmHg/次。10分钟内子宫收缩28～76次,均值4.51±1.14次/分;(2)第一次置器妇女与频脱器妇女其置器前、后子宫收缩压力大小无显著差异(P>0.05)(3)子宫腔内有器子宫收缩压力比子宫腔内无器时大。两组子宫收缩压力t 检验结果(P<0.05)有显著差异:(4)第一次置(取)器前、后当时子宫收缩压力及频率大小皆有显著差异(P<0.05)。置(取)器后子宫收缩压力比置(取)器前大;(5)频脱组在置器前、后当时子宫收缩压力大小有显著差异(P<0.05),与第一次置器组相同;(6)本法测试子宫收缩压力达37～62mmHg/次时,部分受术者即有明显的下腹痛或痛感较强。     

放置不锈钢IUD20年以上妇女的长期安全性研究——临床与病理分析

调查了上海市所属崇明、嘉定二个县及川沙县三个公社的全部放置了不锈钢宫内节育环20年以上妇女635人的临床情况;调查了上述地区年龄相似未放环的妇女724例作为对照。临床症状发生率经年龄与绝经年龄配对后,放环组中赤带的发生率增高4.87%(P<0.05),而月经量增多与不规则出血的发生率增高极少(P>0.05)。放环组取环374例其宫腔括出物中均未见癌,特别注意了内膜的直接压迫与移行区内膜亦未见明显间变。子宫内膜轻度增生过长9例,占2.41%。与放置时间长短无关。其中315例较完整的内膜中,有炎症者32例,占10.15%。其发生率与环的放置时间长短无关。内膜炎中3例为放线菌感染。374例取环困难情况与环的放置时间长短无明显关系,而与绝经年限长短有关,随着绝经年限增长而困难增多。23例宫腔X 线造影发现宫腔随着绝经年限增长而逐渐缩小,环的嵌顿越来越深。     

Circulating levels of placental protein 12 and chorionic gonadotrophin following RU 38486 and Gemeprost for termination of first trimester pregnancy

First trimester termination of pregnancy was successfully inducedin ten patients with RU 38486 followed 2 days later by a prostaglandin(Gemeprost) pessary. Human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) valuesremained unaltered until after the abortion. The levels of placentalprotein 12 (PP12) showed an immediate and significant fall followingRU 38486, then rose to values substantially higher than thoseat the initial visit after 2 days. These findings show thatRU 38486 has a direct inhibitory effect on tissues producingPP12 and confirm the progesterone dependency of this protein     

Protein phosphatase PP1 is required for normal DNA methylation in Neurospora

Covalent modifications of histones integrate intracellular and extracellular cues to regulate the genome. H3 Lys 9 methylation (H3K9me) can direct heterochromatin formation and DNA methylation, while phosphorylation of H3 Ser 10 (H3S10p) drives gene activation and chromosome condensation. To examine the relationship between H3S10p, H3K9me, and DNA methylation in Neurospora crassa, we built and tested mutants of the putative H3S10 phosphatase, PP1. A PP1-impaired mutant showed increased H3S10p and selective reduction of methylation of H3K9 and DNA. Similarly, amino acid substitutions of H3S10 abolished methylation of H3K9 and DNA. Thus, H3S10 dephosphorylation by PP1 is required for DNA methylation of some loci.     

Ability of rosetting or non-rosetting individual control and inflammatory macrophages to kill Escherichia coli X43 intracellularly

An autoradiographic method combined with a rosette technique was used to assess the bactericidal activity of individual control and inflammatory peritoneal macrophages (PM phi) in the presence or absence of expression of Fc receptor for IgG (FcR). There was a lack of FcR reactivity in a certain percentage of both categories of PM phi exposed to E. coli X43, a bacterium which is readily phagocytosed in the presence of specific antibody. Both rosetting and non-rosetting PM phi were capable of phagocytosing E. coli X43, but inflammatory PM phi showed a marked reduction in their capacity to ingest these bacteria compared with control PM phi. Once ingested the E. coli X43 were killed equally well by non-rosetting and rosetting control and inflammatory PM phi.     

An intrauterine progesterone contraceptive system (52 mg) used in pre- and peri-menopausal patients with endometrial hyperplasia

An intrauterine progesterone contraceptive system (IPCS) (52 mg) was inserted in 25 women with cystic endometrial hyperplasia. Among these women, 11 complained of heavy climacteric symptoms and also received an oestrogen replacement therapy consisting of conjugated oestrogens (0.625 mg/day) administered cyclically for 3 out of 4 wk. Prior to the therapy and after 6 mth of treatment, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin (PRL), oestrone (E1) and oestradiol (E2) plasma levels were measured and endometrial histology was evaluated. In the women receiving IPCS treatment alone, there were no significant changes in FSH, LH, PRL, E1 and E2 plasma levels. However, there were remarkable changes found in their endometrial histology. In the remaining women receiving both treatments there was a sharp decrease in FSH and LH plasma levels and an increase in E1 and E2 plasma levels, while the prolactin levels remained unchanged. With the exception of two of these women, the endometrial histology changed remarkably. The endometrial morphology of the two exceptions remained unchanged. All climacteric symptoms disappeared after the administration of both IPCS and the oestrogen replacement therapy. The remarkable changes which did occur in the endometrial histology resulted in a less active glandular epithelium and stromal decidual formation, thus proving a useful effect of treatment.