河南省农民住院卫生服务利用状况及影响因素分析

目的掌握河南省农民卫生服务利用状况和影响因素,为新型农村合作医疗制度试点提供参考.方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法抽取样本.由经培训合格的调查员入户询问,对住户成员逐一进行询问调查.结果河南省农村居民年住院率为26.98‰,低于2003年全国第三次卫生服务总调查农村地区居民年住院率（3.4%）.性别、年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、经济状况等均对农村住院卫生服务利用产生影响.结论住院服务利用不足仍然是农民卫生服务的主要问题,影响住院服务利用的主要因素是经济收入.     

新农村建设背景下农民经济收入、文化程度对心理和谐的影响

目的探讨新农村建设背景下农民经济收入、文化程度对心理和谐的影响程度。方法采用中国农民心理和谐问卷,对云南和河南两省户口在农村的3332名农民进行问卷调查。结果经济收入在人际氛围(F=3.003,P0.05)、生活环境(F=2.764,P0.05)、自我状态(F=13.195,P0.001)、总体心理和谐(F=4.927,P0.001)上存在显著差异;文化程度在社会环境(F=8.120,P0.001)、人际氛围(F=5.785,P0.001)、生活环境(F=6.559,P0.001)、自我状态(F=9.835,P0.001)、总体心理和谐(F=8.908,P0.001)上存在显著差异;经济收入、文化程度对心理和谐的影响存在地区差异;经济收入、文化程度与心理和谐呈正相关。结论经济收入和文化程度是影响农民心理和谐的重要因素。     

农村居民肺结核病防治知信行现状及影响因素分析

目的了解江苏省农村居民肺结核病防治相关知识信念行为现状，了解文化程度、经济收入等对其影响。方法采用逐级整群抽样调查方法，抽取江苏省金湖县、姜堰市、扬中市3个县市共6个乡镇（街道）和18个村中年龄在65岁以下的农村居民3170人。使用统一的问卷对调查对象的一般情况、肺结核病防治相关知信行等进行调查，并分析文化程度、经济水平等因素对其知信行的影响。结果不同文化程度的农村居民部分防治肺结核病知识、信念、行为情况有差异，文化程度为文盲、小学、初中的农村居民答题正确率普遍较低；高中文化程度农村居民愿意了解肺结核病防治知识和参加宣传及预防肺结核病活动的人数最少，不同文化程度间存在显著性差异（P〈0．05）。不同经济水平的农村居民防治肺结核病知识、信念、行为情况不全相同，经济收入在10000元以下的农村居民答题正确率较低，不同经济收入农村居民间存在显著性差异（P〈0．05）。结论不同文化程度、经济收入的农村居民肺结核病相关知、信、行之间存在差异，进行针对性较强的肺结核病的健康教育是很有必要的。     

905例外来工孕产妇贫血状况调查

①目的评估深圳市部分外来工孕产妇贫血状况。②方法回顾性调查905例外来工产妇，调查内容包括：年龄、孕产次、妊娠期疾病、妊娠期血红蛋白（Hb）、分娩结局等。③结果孕早期、孕中期、孕晚期、产后贫血发病率分别为：20．8％、21.8％、37.2％、44.2％；产后出血和产后贫血的发生率分别为13．4％、96.1％，高于Hb正常组的4.8％、9.0％（P〈0．05）；产前贫血产妇孕周、早产发生率及新生几体重分别是38．3周、10．7％、（2817.9±205.4）g，Hb正常组则分别是39.1周、5．2％、（3211.4±187.9）g，早产发生率比较两组间存在明显差异（P〈0．05）。④结论深圳市部分外来工孕产妇存在较严重的贫血，需引起重视，并给予积极干预。     

苏北地区失地农民心理异常与社会保障多因素研究

目的了解失地农民心理健康状况、社会支持和社会保障现状,分析当前形势下,失地农民的身心健康状况、社会关系状况和对社会关怀的需求状况。为维护社会稳定、缓解社会矛盾提供决策依据。方法采用整群抽样的方法抽取徐州市两社区失地农民开展问卷调查,收回有效问卷1070份。结果失地农民心理健康问题严重,有近一半的失地农民心理异常。超过一半的农民认为自己身体状况一般或差。超过60%的人没有职业,超过65%的人没有医疗保险,超过80%的人没有养老保险,超过90%的没有失业保险。年龄低、无职业、健康状况差、无经济帮助、无社会保障措施成为心理异常的独立危险因素。结论失地农民心理健康问题严重,有近一半的失地农民心理异常。应尽快完善社会保障制度、医疗保险制度,开展社区医疗服务、心理咨询服务,加强失地的农民的社会支持。     

The man who got too close to his cows

Trichophyton verrucosum is one of the more common chronic zoophilic dermatophytes. Its presentation is diverse, including aggressive inflammatory skin lesions, and it can be accompanied by constitutional symptoms, such as fever and lymphadenopathy. As such, it may be misdiagnosed as bacterial cellulitis and undergo multiple antibiotic courses unsuccessfully, without consideration of a fungal skin infection. We present a cattle farmer presenting with an extensive erythematous plaque that failed to respond to antibacterial treatment. History revealed that his cows were being treated for “ringworm”. His diagnosis was confirmed by skin biopsy demonstrating fungal elements and culture yielding T. verrucosum. The farmer was successfully treated with itraconazole.     

深圳皮具行业农民工心理健康状况调查及影响因素分析

目的:评估深圳皮具行业农民工心理健康状况,为今后有针对性地开展心理健康干预工作提供科学依据。方法:选取两家大型皮具厂外来农民工1 000人为调查对象,使用自编调查问卷进行现场调查。结果:外来农民工自觉近期心理健康良好的占64.7%,一般的占30.7%,感觉差的占4.6%,不同年龄、婚姻状况、居住环境、教育程度、家庭关系及社保情况的皮具行业农民工心理健康状况水平之间的差异有统计学意义。多因素分析结果表明居住环境和家庭关系是影响皮具行业农民工心理健康状况的独立影响因素。结论:深圳皮具行业农民工心理健康状况较好;家庭关系对皮具行业农民工自感心理健康起到独立的影响作用。本研究可为进一步有针对性地改善皮具行业农民工的心理健康状况提供一定的理论依据。     

劳动姿势对流量-容积曲线的影响——流量限制的波速学说初步验证

作者用“点值法”对成都市郊265例健康男女农民作了流量-容积(F-V)曲线和常规通气功能的测定,并与健康坐位工作者比较。发现农民在高、中肺容积处的流量下降,低肺容积处的流量增加,而且这种改变随年龄的增长变得更加明显。对4名自愿受试者模拟劳动过程中的前倾姿势做多次通气功能检查,其中3人亦有类似的倾向。由此表明,农民出现这种流量形式同劳动姿势密切相关。这一事实也初步验证Dawson等提出的“流量限制的波速学说”的理论和实用意义。     

Characterisation and validation of farmers’ knowledge and practice of cattle trypanosomosis management in the cotton zone of West Africa

We carried out a knowledge, attitude, practice (KAP) survey on how farmers (n = 895) manage cattle trypanosomosis in Burkina Faso, Mali and Guinea. Most farmers (96%) recognised the common signs of trypanosomosis, 70% knew the role of tsetse flies in transmitting the disease and 96% had knowledge of drugs used for treatment. Farmers reported that trypanosomosis was the most important cattle disease and estimated that 25% of their herd fall sick each year and 18% of the sick animals die. Nearly all sick animals (90%) were treated with trypanocides and most treatments were administered by untrained farmers. Giving drugs was the strategy most used as primary means of protection (50% of farmers) followed by avoiding high risk areas (32% of farmers) and keeping trypanotolerant cattle (7% of farmers). Few farmers knew about communal tsetse control methods and those who did, rarely practiced them. Farmer diagnosis of trypanosomosis in cattle presented at clinics (n = 113) was in most cases (84%) supported by laboratory tests. However, the signs that most farmers considered indicative of trypanosomosis (staring coat and emaciation) were poor predictors of trypanosomosis. We tested farmer knowledge of injection sites and trypanocide dilutions (n = 423 cattle), and while few (15%) farmers gave under-dosages or over-dosage (2% of farmers), injection techniques were poor with injection-related side effects in 24% of cattle treated by farmers. Despite this, therapeutic outcomes were both objectively (clinical parameters) and subjectively (carer assessment) satisfactory in 89% of cattle treated by farmers. This study found that farmers play a major role in successfully managing trypanosomosis and recommends the recognition and support for community based treatment.