血液标本放置时间和抗凝剂对血糖检测结果的影响

目的 :探讨两种抗凝剂的血液标本放置时间对血糖测定的影响。方法 :采集门诊健康人血液标本 30份 ,分别以肝素钠和氟化钠作抗凝 ,放置不同时间检测血糖值。结果 :及时分离血浆的血液标本血糖在 5h内差异无显著性。而血液离体后不及时分离血浆 ,血糖是随着时间延长而降低。氟化钠抗凝的血糖比肝素钠抗凝的血糖下降的程度要缓慢一些 ,所以临床上采集血液标本必须及时分离血浆 ,选用合适的抗凝剂 ,及时测定 ,减少误差 ,提高准确性 ,给临床提供准确的诊断依据     

Subakute Verlegung der Atemwege infolge eines retropharyngealen H?matoms nach Halstrauma

Mechanical airway obstruction secondary to retropharyngeal bleeding is rare. In most cases such a complication is described after head and neck trauma. Complicating factors include anticoagulant therapy, tumour, aneurysm, infection or major cervical spine injury. A precise initial diagnosis is necessary to avoid a life-threatening situation. Lateral X-ray and computed tomography is essential for safe management. Treatment depends upon size of the haematoma as well as the clinical course of the patient. Smaller haematomas may be observed. Lager haematomas and those that fail to reabsorb should undergo drainage.      

Successful embolization of a large superior gluteal artery pseudoaneurysm emerging during anticoagulant therapy

Gross hemorrhage is the most serious complication of anticoagulant therapy. We report the discovery and treatment of a large pseudoaneurysm of the superior gluteal artery in one patient who had been receiving oral anticoagulant therapy. We diagnosed the pseudoaneurysm by contrast-enhanced computed tomography, and embolized the artery with stainless steel coils. The exact cause of the pseudoaneurysm remains unclear, however, minor trauma appears most likely.     

溴敌隆的家栖鼠实验室适口性和现场灭鼠效果评价

目的　评价溴敌隆防制家栖鼠的效果。方法　实验室有选择适口性试验 ,现场灭家栖鼠效果考核。结果　在有选择的摄食试验条件下 ,0 .0 0 5 %溴敌隆大米毒饵对褐家鼠和黄胸鼠的毒杀率达 10 0 %和 94 .4 4 % ,摄食系数分别为 0 .6 3和 0 .5 4 ,致死剂量分别为 9.97(0 .0 6～ 2 4 .6 9)和 7.93(5～ 17.6 1)mg/kg。现场灭家栖鼠试验 ,灭鼠率达 86 .4 3%。结论　溴敌隆对家栖鼠毒效髙 ,适口性好 ,具有较好的防制效果     

心脏机械瓣膜置换术后分娩的临床研究

目的 探讨心脏机械瓣膜置换术后分娩的临床处理措施。方法 对19例心脏机械瓣膜置换手术后妊娠及分娩的资料进行回顾性分忻。结果 19例心脏机械瓣膜置换术后产妇均安全度过孕产期。分娩前后心功能Ⅰ～Ⅲ级，分娩时出血200～260m1，胎儿体重2950--3146g。无母婴死亡者，无胎儿出血以及畸形者。结论 心脏机械瓣膜置换术后心功能Ⅰ～Ⅲ级可安全度过孕产期。分娩采用剖宫产术为宜。妊娠期间口服抗凝剂(华法林)不增加分娩时母婴出血和新生儿畸形。     

Anticoagulation after valve replacement: a multicenter retrospective study

Anticoagulant therapy after cardiac valve replacement was evaluated retrospectively in 1,200 patients attending 8 cardiac surgery clinics in the Tokyo area as part of the Tokyo Area Study on Anticoagulation After Cardiac Valve Replacement Using PT-INR (TAS). A prospective trial is also in progress and will be reported later. The prothrombin time international normalized ratio (PT-INR) was determined at the time of thromboembolic and bleeding complications in 1,200 patients. During the 5 year study period, thromboembolisms occurred in 21 patients, and bleeding complications occurred in 15 patients. In 71% of patients with thromboembolism and 47% of those with bleeding complications, the PT-INR was within the range of 1.6 to 2.8, which is the accepted therapeutic range in Japan. Therefore, the correct PT-INR therapeutic range for Japanese patients with mechanical heart valves needs to be reexamined, and data from the prospective TAS trial that is currently underway will be used for this purpose.     

Synthesis of 4-hydroxy-1-thiocoumarin derivatives-1: An efficient synthesis of thioflocoumafen

An efficient procedure for the preparation of 4-hydroxy-3-{1,2,3,4-tetra-hydro-3-[4-(4-triflu-oromethylbenzyl oxy)phenyl]-1-naphthyl}thiocoumarin (thioflocoumafen, 1a and 1b) is described. The key step in the synthesis involves the condensation reaction of 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-tetralol (2) with 4-hydroxy-1-thiocoumarin (3).     

广州市家栖鼠对第一代抗凝血灭鼠剂抗药性研究

目的探讨家栖鼠对抗凝血灭鼠剂的抗药性变化。方法按全国鼠类抗药性监测协作组统一方法,进行无选择性摄毒试验。结果经对广州市所辖9区内捕获的130只褐家鼠、31只黄胸鼠、18只小家鼠进行抗药性监测,其抗性率分别为8.5%、45.2%和27.8%,总平均摄药剂量分别为17.72、278.46和1164.24mg/kg,按家栖鼠抗药性检验标准,黄胸鼠和小家鼠对第一代抗凝血剂杀鼠灵已形成抗药性种群,褐家鼠有抗药性个体产生。结论以黄胸鼠和小家鼠为优势种的场所,要考虑使用第二代抗凝血灭鼠剂;以褐家鼠为主的场所,则可继续使用第一代抗凝血灭鼠剂,但应加强对灭鼠药物的敏感性监测,科学、合理用药。     

两种抗凝血灭鼠剂实验室及现场灭鼠效果比较

目的比较溴鼠灵毒饵和杀特宁B型饵剂实验室及现场灭鼠效果,为今后灭鼠工作提供科学依据。方法用有选择给饵法测定毒饵的适口性及实验室毒杀效果;用粉迹法测定现场鼠密度,计算校正灭鼠率。结果溴鼠灵毒饵的摄食系数为1.10,杀特宁B型饵剂为1.35;2种毒饵实验室灭鼠率均为100%;现场校正灭鼠率,溴鼠灵毒饵为86.67%,杀特宁B型饵剂为42.99%。结论2种抗凝血灭鼠剂均具有很好的适口性及室内毒杀效果,但现场条件下溴鼠灵毒饵灭鼠更好,可以用于社区的大面积灭鼠。