核磁共振法测定非离子表面活性剂 HLB 值的研究 2.几种混合体系 HLB 值的测定与计算

本文应用核磁共振法(NMR)测定了几种混合体系的 HLB 值与混合体系中各组分的 HLB 值。实验结果表明,混合体系中各组分在核磁共振图谱中的积分曲线高度也具有加和性。混合体系的 HLB 值是体系中各组分 HLB 值的加权平均值。因此,对混合体系的 HLB 值可以应用 NMR 法直接测定,也可应用 NMR 法测定各组分的 HLB值,通过计算求得,计算值与实测值完全一致。     

Single-shot ADC imaging for fMRI.

It has been suggested that apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) contrast can be sensitive to cerebral blood flow (CBF) changes during brain activation. However, current ADC imaging techniques have an inherently low temporal resolution due to the requirement of multiple acquisitions with different b-factors, as well as potential confounds from cross talk between the deoxyhemoglobin-induced background gradients and the externally applied diffusion-weighting gradients. In this report a new method is proposed and implemented that addresses these two limitations. Specifically, a single-shot pulse sequence that sequentially acquires one gradient-echo (GRE) and two diffusion-weighted spin-echo (SE) images was developed. In addition, the diffusion-weighting gradient waveform was numerically optimized to null the cross terms with the deoxyhemoglobin-induced background gradients to fully isolate the effect of diffusion weighting from that of oxygenation-level changes. The experimental results show that this new single-shot method can acquire ADC maps with sufficient signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and establish its practical utility in functional MRI (fMRI) to complement the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) technique and provide differential sensitivity for different vasculatures to better localize neural activity originating from the small vessels.     

一种双道生物信号数据采集系统的设计

为了能够同时得到两个不同的生物信号，作者设计了一种双通道的生物信号数据采集系统，本文介绍了该系统的构成、性能特点和各部分的设计原理。     

应用移动管理平台提高危急值管理水平

基于移动管理平台,对传统危急值管理进行改进,使手机移动端具备危急值管理功能,实现在手机移动端查看、提醒和监控危急值。平台应用后,临床科室在5 min内、10 min内、20 min内、30 min内危急值平均处置效率分别为31.43%、58.32%、70.05%、80.76%。运用移动管理平台,可提高对危急值处置和监管的及时性,提升危急值闭环管理能力,进一步保障患者安全。     

让核心价值观成为员工的精神追求

血站文化建设的核心是促使全体职工形成统一的核心价值观。采用小组讨论、专题讲座、座谈沟通、问卷调查、专题研讨等方法提炼了组织核心价值观,并采用多种形式促进核心价值观落地。使核心价值观真正内化为职工的精神追求,外化为职工的自觉行动,有力地推动了无偿献血事业健康、可持续发展。     

医学硕士研究生价值观的调查分析及教育对策

通过对在读医学硕士研究生价值观的问卷调查,反映当代研究生价值观现状.通过讨论分析,提出了加强研究生价值观教育的对策.     

Comparison of different MRI sequences in lesion detection and early response evaluation of diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma – a whole‐body MRI and diffusion‐weighted imaging study

To compare different MRI sequences for the detection of lesions and the evaluation of response to chemotherapy in patients with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL), 18 patients with histology‐confirmed DLBCL underwent 3‐T MRI scanning prior to and 1 week after chemotherapy. The MRI sequences included T₁‐weighted pre‐ and post‐contrast, T₂‐weighted with and without fat suppression, and a single‐shot echo‐planar diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) with two b values (0 and 800 s/mm²). Conventional MRI sequence comparisons were performed using the contrast ratio between tumor and normal vertebral body instead of signal intensity. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of the tumor was measured directly on the parametric ADC map. The tumor volume was used as a reference for the evaluation of chemotherapy response. The mean tumor volume was 374 mL at baseline, and decreased by 65% 1 week after chemotherapy (p < 0.01). The T₂‐weighted image with fat suppression showed a significantly higher contrast ratio compared with images from all other conventional MRI sequences, both before and after treatment (p < 0.01, respectively). The contrast ratio of the T₂‐weighted image with fat suppression decreased significantly (p < 0.01), and that of the T₁‐weighted pre‐contrast image increased significantly (p < 0.01), after treatment. However, there was no correlation between the change in contrast ratio and tumor volume. The mean ADC value was 0.68 × 10^–3 mm²/s at baseline; it increased by 89% after chemotherapy (p < 0.001), and the change in ADC value correlated with the change in tumor volume (r = 0.66, p < 0.01). The baseline ADC value also correlated inversely with the percentage change in ADC after treatment (r = ?0.62, p < 0.01). In conclusion, this study indicates that T₂‐weighted imaging with fat suppression is the best conventional sequence for the detection of lesions and evaluation of the efficacy of chemotherapy in DLBCL. DWI with ADC mapping is an imaging modality with both diagnostic and prognostic value that could complement conventional MRI. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

DNA-Model-Based Design and Execution of Some Fused Benzodiazepine Hybrid Payloads for Antibody–Drug Conjugate Modality

A new series with the tetrahydroisoquinoline-fused benzodiazepine (TBD) ring system combined with the surrogates of (1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)benzene (“MPB”) payloads were designed and executed for conjugation with a monoclonal antibody for anticancer therapeutics. DNA models helped in rationally identifying modifications of the “MPB” binding component and guided structure–activity relationship generation. This hybrid series of payloads exhibited excellent in vitro activity when tested against a panel of various cancer cell lines. One of the payloads was appended with a lysosome-cleavable peptide linker and conjugated with an anti-mesothelin antibody via a site-specific conjugation method mediated by the enzyme bacterial transglutaminase (BTGase). Antibody–drug conjugate (ADC) 50 demonstrated good plasma stability and lysosomal cleavage. A single intravenous dose of ADC 50 (5 or 10 nmol/kg) showed robust efficacy in an N87 gastric cancer xenograft model.     

90后士兵主流价值观特点调查分析

目的 了解90后士兵主流价值观特点,为有针对性地价值观教育引导提供理论基础.方法 采用问卷调查的方式,测量90后士兵主流价值观的总体状况.结果 ①通过均分排序,普遍意义评定排在前3项的为国家观、法制观、健康观,社会意义为国家观、法制观、公正观,个人意义为健康观、亲情观、自我观；②通过标准差排序,在普遍意义情况下,重要性评定标准差最小为2.856,最大为4.107;在社会意义情况下,标准差最小为2.789,最大为3.951;在个人意义情况下,标准差最小为3.435,最大为4.329;③主流价值观的评定均分在普遍意义和社会意义以及普遍意义和个人意义间呈极其显著的正相关(r=0.824,0.873;P＜0.01);在个人意义与社会意义间呈显著正相关(r=0.569,P＜0.05)；④对14项消极价值观念,“存在”反应的百分比在72.0％～88.0％之间,平均为81.73％;“不认同”反应的百分比平均为89.09％.结论 90后士兵主流价值观的体系结构呈现出新特点,价值观念多元分化；价值观念社会视阈与个人视阈出现融合的趋势；90后士兵的价值观念是普遍积极的.     

Whole body MRI: Improved lesion detection and characterization with diffusion weighted techniques

Diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) is an established functional imaging technique that interrogates the delicate balance of water movement at the cellular level. Technological advances enable this technique to be applied to whole‐body MRI. Theory, b‐value selection, common artifacts and target to background for optimized viewing will be reviewed for applications in the neck, chest, abdomen, and pelvis. Whole‐body imaging with DWI allows novel applications of MRI to aid in evaluation of conditions such as multiple myeloma, lymphoma, and skeletal metastases, while the quantitative nature of this technique permits evaluation of response to therapy. Persisting signal at high b‐values from restricted hypercellular tissue and viscous fluid also permits applications of DWI beyond oncologic imaging. DWI, when used in conjunction with routine imaging, can assist in detecting hemorrhagic degradation products, infection/abscess, and inflammation in colitis, while aiding with discrimination of free fluid and empyema, while limiting the need for intravenous contrast. DWI in conjunction with routine anatomic images provides a platform to improve lesion detection and characterization with findings rivaling other combined anatomic and functional imaging techniques, with the added benefit of no ionizing radiation. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013;38:253–268. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.