1例双足重度冻伤治疗体会

正冻伤是低温侵袭所引起的全身性或局部性损伤,在正常情况下,体内代谢所产生的热量和经各种途径所丢失的热量维持平衡,使机体得以保持恒温。如果低温侵袭过强过久,体内热量将不断丢失,从而使体温下降,当体温下降到一定程度时,心脏机能和代谢将发生严重紊乱,引起休克,甚至导致死亡。一般情况下,绝大多数冻伤都是在手足、指趾发生的。新疆的北方冬季漫长,寒风刺骨,最低温度达-35℃,如果防护较差,很容易引起冻伤。     

东洞庭湖秋冬季节钉螺生存状态及其影响因素的研究

目的 研究秋冬季节钉螺种群的动态变化及水位和气象因素与钉螺消长的关系。方法 选择2007-2014年10-12月,以东洞庭湖区的草滩为现场,系统抽样查螺,同时测量调查点的高程以及收集水位和气象资料,计算各年水淹天数和开始水淹时间。描述钉螺及可能影响因素的分布情况,用多元回归模型研究水位和气象因素与钉螺密度的关系。结果 钉螺密度呈波动变化,最高值在2012年10月,为41.88只/0.1 m2;最低值在2008年11月,为1.23只/0.1 m2。死亡率最高出现在 2008年11月,为73.72 %;最低出现在2012年10月,为1.09%。多元回归模型拟合发现1月平均最低温度和开始水淹时间与ln（钉螺密度）之间存在线性关系。利用该模型计算得到的ln（钉螺密度）的预测值与实际值的相关系数为0.927（P = 0.001）。 结论 在东洞庭湖,1月份平均最低温度和开始水淹时间对当年秋冬季的钉螺密度有一定的影响。     

2004-2006年北京夏季最低气温对心脑血管疾病急诊数的影响

目的 探讨北京市夏季最低气温对心脑血管疾病(ICD10:100～199)急诊的影响.方法 收集2004-2006年北京大学某医院急诊科心脑血管疾病急诊资料、北京市环境监测中心大气污染物数据和中国气象科学数据共享服务网的气象资料,应用时间分层的病例交叉设计研究方法进行数据分析.结果 在控制大气污染物SO_2、NO_2、可吸入颗粒物(PM10)影响的情况下,无滞后夏季最低气温对心脑血管疾病总急诊、冠心病急诊、心律失常急诊、心衰急诊和脑血管疾病急诊的影响最大,气温每升高1℃,OR值分别为1.039(95%CI:1.008～1.071),1.077(95%CI:0.987～1.174),1.037(95%CI:0.963～1.116).1.103(95%CI:0.909～1.339)和 1.030(95%CI:0.985～1.077),其中最低气温与总心脑血管疾病急诊的关联有统计学意义(P<0.05).在多因素模型中,考虑到相对湿度因素时,气温每升高1℃对冠心病急诊和脑血管病急诊的OR值分别为1.095(95%CI:1.001～1.075)和1.050(95%CI:1.002～1.100),关联具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 夏季最低气温升高可以导致心脑血管疾病总急诊增加,同时相对湿度可能与气温有协同作用,可导致冠心病急诊,脑血管病急诊增加.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the association between the minimum temperature in different seasons and the hospital emergency room visits for cardiocerebrovascular diseases(International Classification of Diseases,tenth vision ICD-10：100-199)in Beijing.China.Methods The data of the daily hospital emergency room visits for cardiocerebrevascular diseases(ICD-10：100-199)from one of Peking university hospitals,the data of relevant ambient air pollution from the Beijing Municipal Environmental Monitoring Center and the data of meteorological index from China meteorological data sharing service system between 2004—2006 were collected The time-stratified case-crossover design was used to analyze the data.Results After adjusting SO_2,NO_2,and PM10.The results showed that each 1℃ increase in the daily minimum temperature in summer was associated with the intraday hospital emergency room visits(OR=1.039,P<0.05)for the total cardiocerebrovascular diseases.In multi-factor model,considering relative humidity,1℃ increase in the daily minimum temperature was associated with the coronary heart disease(OR=1.095,95％CI:1.001—1.075)and the cerebrovascular diseases(OR=1.050,95％CI：1.002—1.100)(P<0.05).Conclusion These outcomes suggest that elevated level of minimum temperature in summer will increase the hospital emergency room visits for the total circulatory diseases,and the relative humidity may enhance the effects of minimum temperature on the hospital emergency room visits of coronary heart disease and cerebrovaseular diseases.     

亚健康态颈部不适的红外热图特征探讨

目的:针对亚健康态颈部不适人群,采用红外热成像检查,提供亚健康态颈部不适的红外热图特征。方法:符合条件者,进行健康体检,分健康组、亚健康组、疾病组,共120例进行颈部红外热图对比分析。结果:①亚健康组的颈部不适部位与热图异常区域符合;②各区域的平均温度、最高温度、最低温度的组问比较,差异具有显著意义(P<0.001)。结论:颈部红外热图可作为判断亚健康态颈部不适的客观依据。     

Noninfectious Fever Following Aortic Surgery： Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes

Objective To determine the incidence, course, potential risk factors, and outcomes of noninfectious fever developed in patients after aortic surgery. Methods Patients who received operation for aortic aneurysm or dissection in our center from January 2006 to January 2008 were reviewed. Patients who met one of the following criteria were excluded： having a known source of infection during hospitalization; having a preoperative oral temperature greater than or equal to 38.0℃; undertaking emergency surgery; having incomplete data. Univariate analysis was performed in patients with noninfectious postoperative fever and those without, with respect to demographics, intraoperative data, etc. Risk factors for postoperative fever were considered for the muhivariate logistic regression model if they had a P value less than 0.10 in the univariate analysis. Results Totally 463 patients undergoing aortic surgery were enrolled for full review. Among them, 345 （74.5%） patients had noninfectious postoperative fever, the other 118 （25.5%） patients didn＇t develop postoperative fever. Univariate analysis demonstrated that several risk factors were associated with the development of noninfectious postoperative fever, including weight, surgical procedure, minimum intraoperative bladder temperature, temperature upon intensive care unit （ICU） admission, discharge, and during ICU stay, as well as blood transfusion. In a further multivariate analysis, surgical site of thoracic and thoracoabdominal aorta （odds ratio： 4.861; 95% confidence interval： 3.029-5.801; P=0.004）, lower minimum intraoperative bladder temperature （odds ratio： 1.117; 95% confidence interval： 1.01-1.24; P=0.04）, and higher temperature on admission to the ICU （odds ratio： 2.57; 95% confidence interval： 1.28-5.18; P=0.008） were found to be significant predictors for noninfectious postoperative fever. No difference was found between the febrile and afebrile patients with regard to postoperative hospitalization duration （P=0.558） or total medical costs （P=0.896）. Conclusion Noninfectious postoperative fever following aortic surgery is very common and closely related with perioperative interventions.     

大雪

大雪是每年12月7日或8日,太阳黄经达255度时。大雪,顾名思义,雪量大。古人云:"大者,盛也,至此而雪盛也。"到了这个时段,雪往往下得大、范围也广,故名"大雪"。这时我国大部分地区的最低温度都降到了0℃或以下。在强冷空气前沿冷暖空气交锋的地     

图说城事

持续严寒袭击欧洲中东部地区近日,持续遭遇强冷空气袭击,欧洲部分地区出现百年来最低气温,过去一周的严寒天气在这一地区已夺去了160多人的生命。受寒流影响,乌克兰、波兰、罗马尼亚、塞尔维亚等欧洲中东部地区最低温度跌破零下30摄氏度。其中,乌克兰受灾最为严     

Correlation analysis for the attack of respiratory diseases and meteorological factors

Objective  

To investigate the relationship between respiratory diseases onset and the meteorological factors in the same period and in a specific environment.