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排序方式: 共有354条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
J. -P. Farant D. C. Wigfield 《International archives of occupational and environmental health》1982,51(1):15-24
Summary The occupational or environmental exposure of selected populations to lead, either alone or in combination with other metals, was monitored using ratios of the activity of the erythrocytic enzyme -aminolevulinate dehydratase. The results obtained have reaffirmed earlier findings that this test affords several significant advantages over the use of the enzyme's activity value measured at a set pH value and other types of activity ratios to assess lead exposure. Furthermore, the activity ratios' proven sensitivity, reliability, reproducibility, specificity and stability warrant that they be considered as viable alternatives to the more widely accepted diagnostic criteria of lead intoxication namely zinc protoporphyrin and lead levels in blood. 相似文献
2.
Lead was administred to adult female rats in drinking water (0;0.1:1 and 10 ppm) for 3 weeks before mating, during pregnancy and during 3 weeks after delivery. On day 21 after delivery the mothers and their newborns were sacrified and various parameters of blood -- lead concentration on (Pb-B), hematocrit (Htc), hemoglobin (Hb), free erythrocyte porphyrins (FEP), delta0aminolevulinate dehydratase (ALAD) -- and tissue -- ALAD, free tissue porphyrins (FTP), lead concentration (Pb-T) -- were determined. In mothers a significant increase in Pb-B and Pb concentration in kidney was found in the 10 ppm group, but this increase in lead concentration was not associated with any statistically significant modification of the biochemical parameters. In newborns, lead concentration in blood and in kidney was also significantly increased in the 10 ppm group and this lead exposure was associated with a decrease of the ALAD activity in blood and an increase of FTP in kidney. On the basis of the biochemical parameters investigated one can therefore conclude that the developing organism is more susceptible to the biological action of lead than the organism of adult animals and that the "no-effect" level of lead administered during pregnancy and in the neonatal period is around 1 ppm. 相似文献
3.
Rana Arslan Sule Aydin Dilara Nemutlu Samur Nurcan Bektas 《Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal》2018,26(4):541-545
It is aimed to investigate the central antinociceptive effect of protocatechuic acid and the involvement of stimulation of opioidergic, serotonin 5-HT2A/2C, α2-adrenergic and muscarinic receptors in protocatechuic acid-induced central analgesia in mice. Time-dependent antinociceptive effects of protocatechuic acid at the oral doses of 75, 150 and 300?mg/kg were tested in hot-plate (integrated supraspinal response) and tail-immersion (spinal reflex) tests in mice. To investigate the mechanisms of action; the mice administered 300?mg/kg protocatechuic acid (p.o.) were pre-treated with non-specific opioid antagonist naloxone (5?mg/kg, i.p.), serotonin 5-HT2A/2C receptor antagonist ketanserin (1?mg/kg, i.p.), α2-adrenoceptor antagonist yohimbine (1?mg/kg, i.p.) and non-specific muscarinic antagonist atropine (5?mg/kg, i.p.), respectively. The antinociceptive effect of protocatechuic acid was observed at the doses of 75, 150 and 300?mg/kg in tail-immersion test, at the doses of 150 and 300?mg/kg in hot-plate test at different time interval. The enhancement in the latency of protocatechuic acid-induced response to thermal stimuli was antagonized by yohimbine, naloxone and atropine in tail-immersion test, while it was antagonized only by yohimbine and naloxone pretreatments in hot-plate test. These results indicated that protocatechuic acid has the central antinociceptive action that is probably organized by spinal mediated cholinergic and opiodiergic, also spinal and supraspinal mediated noradrenergic modulation. However, further studies are required to understand how protocatechuic acid organizes the interactions of these modulatory systems. As a whole, these findings reinforce that protocatechuic acid is a potential agent that might be used for pain relief. Additionally, the clarification of the effect and mechanisms of action of protocatechuic acid will contribute to new therapeutic approaches and provide guidance for new drug development studies. 相似文献
4.
PPARβ/δ在炎症中的作用 总被引:1,自引:3,他引:1
过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体(peroxisome prolifera-tors-activated receptors,PPARs)是配体激活的转录因子,属于核受体超家族成员。PPARs有3种亚型,即PPARα(NR1C1)、PPARβ/δ(NUC1;NR1C2)和PPARγ(NR1C3)。大量研究表明PPARs广泛参与机体的脂质代谢、糖代谢、能量代谢、血压调节、细胞生长分化及生殖过程,并在炎症过程中发挥重要的作用。近年来,PPARβ/δ在炎症发生中的作用及其调控机制日益受到人们的关注,该文对PPARβ/δ在炎症发生中的作用作一综述。 相似文献
5.
6.
目的:探讨蛋白激酶 Cδ(PKCδ)在游离脂肪酸(FFAs)诱导内皮细胞凋亡过程中的作用。方法培养人脐静脉内皮细胞,分别给予不同浓度的 FFAs 刺激,转染 PKCδsiRNA 以抑制 PKCδ的表达。使用比色法检测细胞的增殖情况,采用定量流式细胞术测定细胞凋亡情况,免疫印迹法检测 PKCδ蛋白及磷酸化蛋白的表达水平。结果在人脐静脉内皮细胞内 FFAs 可产生多种效应,包括浓度依赖性的抑制细胞增殖、诱导细胞凋亡、增加 PKCδ的表达和磷酸化等。抑制 PKCδmRNA 的表达可导致 FFAs 诱导细胞凋亡减少。结论PKCδ可能介导内皮细胞中 FFAs 诱导的细胞凋亡。 相似文献
7.
Ofir Moreno Todd Butler Vanessa Zann Ashley Willson Pui Leung Alyson Connor 《Clinical therapeutics》2018,40(11):1855-1867
Purpose
ME-401 is a novel selective inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase p110δ, an enzyme often found overexpressed and overactive in B-cell malignancies. The current study was performed to assess the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of single ascending oral doses of ME-401 in healthy volunteers.Methods
This analysis was an open-label, nonrandomized study in healthy male volunteers. Three sequential groups were dosed. Each group received single doses of ME-401 on two occasions; the doses tested ranged from 10 to 150 mg. Blood was drawn at various time points to analyze plasma concentrations of ME-401 and inhibition of basophil activation, a marker of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase p110δ inhibition.Findings
Fifteen subjects received a single dose of ME-401 on two occasions. Three adverse events that were considered possibly related to the study drug were reported: one event of pain, one event of headache, and one event of upper abdominal pain. ME-401 exhibited dose proportionality up to 60 mg, and supra-proportional increases in exposure were observed above doses of 60 mg. In addition, there was a dose-proportional increase in the inhibition of basophil activation up to 60 mg. Mean t1/2 ranged from 9.36 to 29.23 hours across the dose range. A 60 mg dose of ME-401 approached 90% inhibition of basophil activation, and thereafter no further increase to the percent inhibition of basophil activation was observed for higher doses. Once-daily dosing of 60 mg ME-401 was forecasted to result in trough plasma levels exceeding the concentration needed for 90% inhibition of basophil activation.Implications
This first-in-human study showed that ME-401 was well tolerated after single doses up to 150 mg. Pharmacologic activity was confirmed after administration of single ascending oral doses of 10 to 150 mg. ME-401 60 mg, administered once daily, was selected as the starting dose for patient studies. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02521389. 相似文献8.
目的 研究过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体(Peroxisome Proliferators-activated Receptor,PPAR)-β/δ在兔动脉粥样硬化模型中的表达水平和作用方式。方法 35只雄性新西兰大白兔分为对照组(5只)、高脂组(15只)和球囊损伤组(15只),后两组进一步分为6周、8周、10周组,每组5只。实时定量PCR(Real-time Quantitative PCR)用来检测PPARβ/δm RNA的水平,免疫组织化学法(Immunohistochemistry,IHC)和蛋白质印迹法(Western Blotting,WB)检测PPARβ/δ蛋白的表达,酶联免疫吸附试验(Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay,ELISA)测定兔血清中炎症因子肿瘤坏死因子(tumor necrosis factor,TNF)-α,白介素(interleukin,IL)-6,IL-8和IL-10的水平。结果 高脂组和球囊损伤组的PPARβ/δ蛋白质和m RNA水平与对照组相比显著增加(P〈0.01)。此外,高脂组PPARβ/δ蛋白质水平在6-10周增加显著(P〈0.01),PPARβ/δm RNA在8-10周组之间有显著性差异,6-8周组之间也有明显差异(P〈0.05)。PPARβ/δ蛋白质和m RNA水平在球囊损伤组各亚组之间差异显著(P〈0.01),而且,球囊损伤组PPARβ/δ的表达水平比同一时间点的高脂组明显增加(P〈0.01)。高脂组和球囊损伤组,血清TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8和IL-10的水平与对照组相比明显上升。结论 PPARβ/δ可能参与动脉粥样硬化的进程并发挥重要作用。 相似文献
9.
3H] pregabalin binding is increased in ipsilateral dorsal horn following chronic constriction injury
Melrose HL Kinloch RA Cox PJ Field MJ Collins D Williams D 《Neuroscience letters》2007,417(2):187-192
Pregabalin, a 3-substituted analogue of gamma-amino butyric acid has recently been approved for treatment of neuropathic pain. We have investigated the anatomical binding profile of [(3)H] pregabalin following chronic constriction injury (CCI) and compared this with alpha 2 delta 1 subunit expression using in situ hybridisation. We report here that the intensity and distribution pattern of [(3)H] pregabalin binding is altered in the ipsilateral dorsal horn following CCI and this is associated with a corresponding increase in alpha 2 delta 1 mRNA in the ipsilateral dorsal root ganglion (DRG). It is likely that increased DRG mRNA production leads to increased alpha 2 delta 1 protein production and subsequent transport by primary afferents to the dorsal horn. The increased expression of calcium channel subunits and protein in central terminals is interesting, given that abnormal activity within sensory nerves is likely to significantly contribute to the symptomatology of neuropathic pain. The upregulation of pregabalin binding sites in sensory nerve terminals may occur as part of the response to nerve damage in neuropathic pain patients, and therefore, preferential actions of pregabalin at these sites may contribute to its mechanism of action in man. 相似文献
10.