不同人工泪液治疗白内障超声乳化术后干眼症

目的:探究不同种类人工泪液治疗白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术后发生干眼症患者的疗效.方法:选取2015-01/2016-06期间我院收治的行白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术后具有干眼症症状患者280例280眼为研究对象.根据使用的人工泪液种类的不同,分为四组:(1)对照组:术后连续使用妥布霉素地塞米松眼膏涂术眼1wk,3次/d;使用左氧氟沙星滴眼液滴术眼1wk,3次/d;使用普拉洛芬滴眼液1mo,4次/d.(2)聚丙烯酸组:在对照组基础上连续使用聚丙烯酸点术眼1mo,4次/d;(3)聚乙二醇组: 在对照组基础上连续使用聚乙二醇点术眼1mo,4次/d;(4)玻璃酸钠组:在对照组基础上连续使用玻璃酸钠点术眼1mo,4次/d.观察并比较四组患者治疗后1、2、3wk及1mo时的泪膜破裂时间(BUT)、泪液分泌试验(SⅠt)、干眼症状评分、角膜染色评分等.结果:(1)BUT:四组患者治疗后BUT均呈上升趋势,显著高于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且聚丙烯酸组、聚乙二醇组及玻璃酸钠组治疗后BUT与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),玻璃酸钠组术后2wk的BUT显著高于其他组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(2)SⅠt:四组患者治疗后SⅠt均呈上升趋势,显著高于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且聚丙烯酸组、聚乙二醇组及玻璃酸钠组治疗后的SⅠt与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中玻璃酸钠组治疗后SⅠt显著高于其他组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(3)干眼症状评分:四组患者治疗后干眼症状评分均呈下降趋势,与治疗前比较具有统计学差异(P<0.05),且聚丙烯酸组、聚乙二醇组及玻璃酸钠组治疗后评分与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),玻璃酸钠组治疗后3wk评分显著低于其他组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(4)角膜染色评分:治疗后各组与治疗前比较显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中1、2wk各组角膜染色评分均无统计学差异(P>0.05),治疗后3wk,1mo玻璃酸钠组角膜染色评分显著低于其他组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:人工泪液治疗白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入治疗后干眼症具有较好的临床疗效,含有玻璃酸钠成份的泪液效果最佳.     

中医辨证论治干眼症25例（50眼）临床观察

目的：观察中医辨证论治干眼症的临床疗效。方法：将50例（100眼）干眼症患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各25例（各50眼）。对照组采用人工泪液滴眼治疗,每天滴4-6次,治疗组在对照组治疗的基础上配合中医辨证论治。两组均以4周为1个疗程,疗程结束后统计疗效。结果：总有效率治疗组为88.0%,对照组为68.0%,两组比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;两组中医证候积分、Schirmer I试验、泪膜破裂时间（BUT）、角膜荧光素染色结果比较,治疗后均较治疗前有所改善,且治疗组改善程度明显优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01,P〈0.05）。结论：中医辨证论治联合人工泪液治疗干眼症疗效满意,尤其在患者泪液的分泌、巩固泪膜的稳定性方面有明显的效果。     

甲状腺相关眼病患者的眼球病理改变

甲状腺相关眼病(TAO)是一种眼眶常见的自身免疫性疾病,其发病机制尚未完全阐明.目前已有大量研究报道了TAO可累及眼球不同部位,但尚无一个系统的归纳总结.本研究将结合目前国内外研究报道,对TAO眼球各部位受累的证据进行归纳梳理,以探讨TAO患者眼球不同结构的病理改变.     

润肝明目汤治疗干眼症的临床观察

目的:观察润肝明目汤对干眼症的临床疗效。方法:运用润肝明目汤对干眼症患者45例90只眼进行治疗,观察治疗前后干眼症的阳性病史和自觉症状、泪液分泌试验(schimentest)、泪膜破裂时间(BUT)、角膜荧光素钠染色的改变。结果:总有效率86.67%。结论:润肝明目汤对干眼症的治疗有一定疗效。     

玻璃酸钠与抗炎药联用治疗沙眼性干眼症的疗效

目的 观察沙眼性干眼症应用玻璃酸钠+抗炎药物联合治疗的临床效果。方法 抽取延长县中医 医院2020年1月-2021年7月收治的76例沙眼性干眼症患者为研究对象,根据随机数字表法分为对照组与 研究组,各38例。对照组接受玻璃酸钠治疗,研究组接受玻璃酸钠+抗炎药物治疗,比较两组患者治疗效 果、泪液分泌状况、泪膜破裂时间、角膜地形图参数。结果 研究组治疗总有效率为92.11%,高于对照组 的76.32%,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;研究组治疗后SchirmerⅠ试验结果、BUT均高于对照组,差异 有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;研究组SRI、SAI均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 玻璃酸 钠+抗炎药物联合治疗沙眼性干眼症患者具有积极意义,能有效改善眼部干涩症状,延缓泪腺分泌状况, 临床效果确切,具有推广价值。     

儿童轻度过敏性结膜炎中干眼的研究及治疗

目的〖KG*2〗探讨儿童轻度过敏性结膜炎中干眼发生的原理及不同方案疗效,为过敏性结膜炎的治疗提供指导依据。 〖HTH〗方法〖KG*2〗回顾性分析4～10岁轻度过敏性结膜炎患儿（观察组）101例及健康儿童（对照组）100例。过敏性结膜炎患儿检测过敏原。比较2组泪膜破裂时间(tear film breakup time,BUT)、角膜荧光素染色（fluorescein,FL）评分、泪河高度（tear meniscus height,TMH）,分析BUT、FL评分、TMH与病程的相关性。观察组根据治疗方案中是否有人工泪液分为A组42例和B组59例,比较A、B组治疗前后BUT、FL评分、TMH。 〖HTH〗结果〖KG*2〗观察组BUT短于对照组;FL评分高于对照组（P＜0.01）;2组TMH差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05）。观察组过敏性结膜炎BUT与病程呈负相关（r=-0.439,P＜0.01）,FL评分与病程呈正相关（r=0.396,P＜0.01）,TMH与病程无相关性（r=0.043,P＞0.05）。治疗后,A、B组BUT长于治疗前,FL评分低于治疗前,A组TMH高于治疗前;A组BUT长于B组,FL评分低于B组,TMH高于B组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。 〖HTH〗结论〖KG*2〗儿童过敏性结膜炎通过降低双眼泪膜稳定性,破坏角膜上皮完整性,造成干眼症状,而对泪液分泌无显著影响。病程越长泪膜稳定性越低,角膜上皮破坏越严重。联合人工泪液治疗过敏性结膜炎效果更佳。     

Nutritional status of mauritanian children during a drought emergency

Nutritional surveys were conducted in three regions of Mauritania between September and November, 1983, to assess the impact of a severe drought and to determine priorities for relief assistance. Survey sites and children were chosen at random using established Centers for Disease Control survey methodology. A total of 1,498 children between the ages of 6 months and 5 years were weighed, measured and examined for xerophthalmia and scurvy. Information on age, sex, diarrhea, measles immunization, diet and food aid was collected for each child. Levels of acute malnutrition (< 80 % of median weight‐for‐height) ranged from 8.2 to 17.2% in the 3 regions, and both xerophthalmia and scurvy were seen. The children between 1 to 3 years of age had the highest levels of malnutrition. Food aid deliveries were irregular and inadequate in the two regions with the highest rates of malnutrition. Implications for targeting and choice of relief efforts are discussed.     

加味沙参麦冬汤联合眼针治疗干眼症临床观察

目的观察加味沙参麦冬汤联合眼针治疗干眼症的疗效。方法将60例门诊干眼症患者随机分为加味沙参麦冬汤联合眼针治疗组和人工泪液对照组,观察2组患者治疗前后的中西医临床总疗效、视力、泪液分泌试验、泪膜破裂时间和角膜荧光染色。结果治疗组的中医证候疗效、泪液分泌试验、泪膜破裂时间和角膜荧光染色结果,与对照组相比,差异显著(P<0.05)。结论加味沙参麦冬汤联合眼针治疗干眼症安全性较好,有一定疗效。     

Vitamin A deficiency in a Kenyan prison

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence and causes of vitamin A deficiency disorders (VADD) in adult male prisoners in Nakuru, Kenya. METHODS: A total of 1048 male prisoners aged > or =16 years in Nakuru Government of Kenya prison in Nakuru, Kenya were examined by an ophthalmologist for signs of xerophthalmia. Two hundred and forty-one cases with xerophthalmia and 448 controls randomly selected from the remaining prison population were interviewed about risk factors for xerophthalmia and blood samples were taken to measure serum retinol and haemoglobin. RESULTS: 23.6% (95% CI = 21.1-26.3%) of examined inmates showed at least one sign of xerophthalmia, mostly night blindness (98.8% of cases). In the case-control study, the age-adjusted analyses showed that xerophthalmia was associated with age, length of imprisonment and previous imprisonment. Men with xerophthalmia were significantly more likely be in poor health characterised by significant illness, recent hospital admission, persistent cough, diarrhoea, fever or chronic illness. After multivariate adjustment, duration of imprisonment remained strongly associated with xerophthalmia (OR comparing >4 years with <6 months = 20.1, 95% CI = 8.3-48.8). Previous imprisonment, fever, diarrhoea, hospital admission and chronic illness were also significant predictors. Serum retinol levels were significantly lower in cases than controls, while there was no difference in haemoglobin levels. CONCLUSION: Vitamin A deficiency was a significant public health problem among these Kenyan male prisoners, indicating that it may be important in vulnerable groups other than young children and pregnant or lactating women.