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Background
The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes of trauma patients who were injured in a motor vehicle crash and tested positive for alcohol upon hospital arrival versus those who tested negative.Methods
Study data came from the US National Trauma Data Bank (2007–2010). Any blood alcohol concentration (BAC) found at or above the legal limit (≥0.08?g/dL) was considered “alcohol positive”, and if no alcohol was identified through testing, the patient was considered “alcohol negative”. Patients’ demographics including age >?=?14, race, gender, drug test results, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, injury severity score (ISS), and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) were included in the study. Propensity score and exact pair matching were performed between the groups using baseline characteristics.Results
From a total of 88,794 patients, 30.9% tested positive and 69.1% tested negative for alcohol. There were significant differences found between the groups regarding age, gender, race, and GCS (all p?<?0.001) as well as a significantly higher in-hospital mortality rate (3.5% vs. 2.7%, p?<?0.001) and median time to patient expiration (4 vs. 3 days, p?<?0.001) in the alcohol negative group. After running both matching scenarios, there was no evidence of a significant difference seen in the rates of in-hospital mortality or the median time to patient expiration between the alcohol groups in either matched comparison.Conclusion
Patients who tested positive for alcohol following a traumatic motor vehicle crash showed no significant increase in in-hospital mortality or time to expiration when compared to propensity score and exact matched patients who tested negative for alcohol. 相似文献3.
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Algorithms based on deep neural networks (DNNs) have attracted increasing attention from the scientific computing community. DNN based algorithms are
easy to implement, natural for nonlinear problems, and have shown great potential to
overcome the curse of dimensionality. In this work, we utilize the multi-scale DNN-based algorithm (MscaleDNN) proposed by Liu, Cai and Xu (2020) to solve multi-scale
elliptic problems with possible nonlinearity, for example, the p-Laplacian problem.
We improve the MscaleDNN algorithm by a smooth and localized activation function.
Several numerical examples of multi-scale elliptic problems with separable or non-separable scales in low-dimensional and high-dimensional Euclidean spaces are used
to demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the MscaleDNN numerical scheme. 相似文献
5.
James R. Westphal 《International journal of mental health and addiction》2007,5(2):123-140
Introduction Recent reviews found problem gamblers are heterogeneous and recommended subtyping gamblers in treatment studies.
Objective Review factors (stage of change, preferred gambling activity, co-occurring disorder, and temporal instability of symptoms)
for subtyping by evaluating the evidence for their effects on gambling treatment.
Methods Literature review, evidence grading.
Results Evidence is limited that any of the reviewed factors affects gambling treatment. Substantial evidence from prospective studies
and other evidence from cross-sectional studies and the strong placebo response among pathological gamblers support the temporal
instability of gambling symptoms.
Conclusions Multiple studies are needed to develop the evidence base needed to subtype gamblers in treatment. Changes in the diagnostic
criteria of pathological gambling may be necessary, especially to specify the persistence of gambling-related symptoms. 相似文献
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136例阿片类药物依赖者SCL-90的评定结果分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文应用SCL-90对136例阿片类药物依赖者进行测评,并与正常人进行对照分析。结果显示研究组总分及各因子分与正常组相比差异有显著性。说明毒品滥用人群心理问题严重,突出表现在焦虑、抑郁等几方面,提示戒毒治疗仅进行临床脱毒治疗是远远不够的,还必须重视这一人群的心理问题,并加以矫正,才能提高工作成效 相似文献
8.
浅谈基因治疗的现状及其面临的困境 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
基因治疗将在未来的疾病治疗中扮演重要的角色,然而这一新颖的技术却面临着诸多问题,本文论述了基因治疗的发展现状及其所面临的技术难题。 相似文献
9.
单亲大学生心理健康状况及心理问题的教育对策研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
目的针对单亲大学生心理健康问题提供有效的教育对策.方法针对大学新生开展16PF调查并发现单亲大学生的心理问题。结果本次测查共测量被试8302人,删除部分无效量表.实际有效数据为7742人,问卷有效率为93.27%.以一般情况问卷中“是否是单亲家庭子女”回答“是”的.作为单亲大学生的认定标准,检出单亲家庭子女555人,占总人数的7.17%,其中男生占40.0%.女生60.0%.17.5%的单亲出现各种心理问题.调查表明.单亲家庭子女与非单亲家庭子女相比,在乐群性和怀疑性两个因子有显着区别。事实上也表现为与正常大学生心理健康状况的显着差异。结论单亲大学生心理问题表现为:自卑心理、怀旧心理、逆反心理、猜疑心理等等。教育对策:加强社会教育系统、学校教育系统、家庭教育对单亲大学生心理的干预与影响,同时.单亲大学生遗要加强心理健康的自我教育.以多元系统帮助他们形成健全人格。 相似文献
10.
Prediction of Remission of Acute Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Motor Vehicle Accident Victims 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Edward B. Blanchard Edward J. Hickling Catherine A. Forneris Ann E. Taylor Todd C. Buckley Warren R. Loos James Jaccard 《Journal of traumatic stress》1997,10(2):215-234
One hundred forty five individuals who sought medical attention as a result of a motor vehicle accident (MVA), and who were initially assessed 1 to 4 months post-MVA, were followed up prospectively for 6 months to determine how many of the 55 with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the 43 with sub-syndromal PTSD would remit and what variables would predict remission. Thirty (55%) of those with initial PTSD had remitted at least in part by 6 months while 67% of those with sub-syndromal PTSD had remitted (and 5% had worsened). Four variables, including severity of initial symptoms, degree of initial physical injury, relative degree of physical recovery by 4 months and whether a close family member suffered a trauma during the follow-up interval, combined to classify 6-month clinical status of 84% of those with initial PTSD secondary to MVAs. 相似文献